سنخ‌شناسی کیفی پیامدهای اسکان زنان در اردوگاه سیل‌زدگان با تأکید بر مؤلفه جنسیت (مطالعه زنان سیل‌زده شهرستان سوسنگرد)
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زن و جامعه
محمدرضا حسینی
1
(استادیار گروه جامعه شناسی دانشگاه آیت اله بروجردی (ره))
نرگس خوشکلام
2
(دانشگاه ایت الله بروجردی)
انتصار موسوی
3
(دانشگاه آیت الله بروجردی (ره))
کلید واژه: زنان, تحلیل مضمون, شهرستان سوسنگرد, اردوگاه سیل‌زدگان,
چکیده مقاله :
در آغاز سال 1398 سیلاب شهرهایی از استان خوزستان را دربرگرفت و در شهر سوسنگرد اردوگاه‌هایی برای اسکان زنان و کودکان در نظر گرفته شد. بر همین اساس پژوهش حاضر با هدف تحلیل کیفی پیامدهای اسکان زنان سیل‌زده در اردوگاه‌ها، به روش کیفی تحلیل مضمون انجام گرفته است. نمونه‌گیری به صورت هدفمند بوده و تا زمان اشباع نظری و تعداد 20 مصاحبه انجام و روش گردآوری داده‌ها مصاحبه عمیق بدون ساختار بوده است. نتایج تحلیل داده‌ها به شیوه کدگذاری در نرم‌افزار NVivo8 نشان داد که پدیده «سکونت اردوگاهیِ زنانه» آنومی فردی و آنومی ساختاری را به دنبال داشته است. ابعاد آنومی فردی عبارتند از: 1)روان‌پریشی (با مقولات فرسایش عاطفی و فرسایش روانی) و 2)ناکارآمدی فردی با مقولات اختلال کارکرد فردی، خودسربارپنداری، فقدان حمایت نهادی و انزوای اجتماعی). ابعاد آنومی ساختاری نیز عبارتند از: 1)اجتماع‌پریشی(با مقولات فرسایش انسجام اجتماعی و فرسایش سرمایه اجتماعی) و 2)ناکارآمدی ساختاری(با مقولات اختلال کارکرد ساختاری، فرسایش سلامت اجتماعی، دیگرسربارپنداری و انزوای بخشی). آنچه در تحقیق حاضر به عنوان یک دستاورد مهم محسوب می‌گردد این است که دیدگاه زنانه به پدیده‌های اجتماعی با دیگاه مردانه متفاوت است و تجربه این پیامدهای منفی به واسطه جنسیت زنانه آنها و تأثیر جنسیت بر درک آنها از پدیده‌ها و نگرش آنها نسبت به پدیده‌هاست.
At the beginning of 2018, floods hit cities in Khuzestan province, and camps for women and children were set up in the Susangerd city. Accordingly, the present study aimed to qualitatively analyze the consequences of the accommodation of women in the camps in a qualitative manner. Sampling was purposeful and until the time of theoretical saturation and 20 interviews and the method of data collection was an in-depth interview without structure. The results of data analysis by coding in NVivo8 software showed that the phenomenon of "female camp accommodation" has led to individual anomie and structural anomie. Dimensions of individual anomie are: 1)psychosis (with the categories of emotional erosion and psychological erosion) and 2)individual inefficiency with the categories of individual dysfunction, self over-assumption, lack of institutional support and social isolation). Dimensions of structural anomie are: 1)community aphasia (with the categories of erosion of social cohesion and erosion of social capital) and 2)structural inefficiency (with the categories of structural dysfunction, erosion of social health, other over-assumption and segregation of isolation). What is considered important in the present study is that women's views of social phenomena are different from men's views, and the experience of these negative consequences is due to their feminine gender and the impact of gender on their understanding of phenomena and attitudes. They are about phenomena.
-Adibi, H.; Ansari, A.M. (2012). Sociological Theories. Tehran: Danjeh.
-Afshari, A.; Hashemi, Z. & Rezaei, R. (2019). “Assessing the level of social health and self-esteem in empowered and non-empowered female-headed families”.Women and society. 10(3). 1-16.
-Anderson, M.; Woodrow, P. (1999). Rising from ashes: Development Strategies in Times of Disasters. Paris: West View Press.
-Arion, S. (1995). Suicide and suicidal ideation. Translation: Hamid Saheb Jam. Tehran: Ashrafi.
-Bubeck, P.; Otto, A.; Weichselgartner, J. (2017). Societal impacts of flood hazards. In book: Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Natural Hazard Science. Editors: Susan L. Cutter. Oxford University Press.
-Cheraghi, N.; Hassani, R. (2019). Consequences and reasons for women entering men's (hard) jobs. Women and society. 10(40). 127-154.
-Coser, L. (2015). The life and thought of the great sociologists. Translation: Mohsen Salasi. Tehran: Scientific.
-Dewan, T.H. (2015). “Societal impacts and vulnerability to floods in Bangladesh and Nepal”. Weather and Climate Extremes. 7:36-42.
-Doocy, S.; Daniels, A.; Murray, S.; Kirsch, T.D. (2013). “The Human Impact of Floods: a Historical Review of Events 1980-2009 and Systematic Literature Review”. April 16. Online at: http://currents.plos.org.
-Ebadiafar, M.; Pourfallah, H.; Ebadiafar, A. & Tajdari, K. (2017). A Study of the Socio-Economic Problems of Ramsar Urban Floods. Fifth Comprehensive Conference on Flood Management and Engineering.
-Ebrahimpour, M. (2008). Social Consequences of the Bam Earthquake in Injured Villages. Village and Development. 8(4). 175-202.
-Fani, Z; Rahmati, M. (2006). The flood and its socio-economic and environmental consequences. Geographical space. 15.
-Faris, R. (1950). Social Disorganization. New York.: Ronald Press.
-Flick, O. (2008). An Introduction to Qualitative Research. Translation: Hadi Jalili. Tehran: Ney.
-Fordham, M. (2000). The place of gender in earthquake vulnerability and mitigation. Disaster Studies Peroject. Anglia Politechnic University.
-Giddens, A. (2001). Consequences of modernity. Translation: Mohsen Salasi. Tehran: Makazi.
-Giddens, A. (2004). Abstract of Anthony Giddens. Translation: Hassan Chavoshian. Tehran: Ghoghnoos.
-Giwehchi, S. (2009). Analysis and presentation of management patterns in urban accidents caused by bio-environmental hazards. Master's thesis in Geography and Urban Planning. University of Tehran.
-Hawthorne, H. (2006). Measuring social isolation in older adults: development and initial validation of the friendship scale. Social Indicators Research. 77. 521-548.
-Heydari Sarban, V. (2014). Analysis of the effects of earthquakes in rural areas of Varzeqan city (Case study: North Azumdel village). Geography and environmental hazards. 11. 41-60.
-Hortolanus, R; Anje, M. & Mason, L. (2015). Social isolation in modern society. Translation: Leila Farahi Sarabi and Sadegh Peyvasteh. Tehran: Sociologists.
-House, J.S. (2001). “Social isolation kills, but how and why?”. Psychosomatic medicine. 63. 273-274.
-Iman, M. (2009). The paradigmatic basis of quantitative and qualitative research methods in the humanities. Qom: Seminary and University.
-IRNA. (2019). “Floods, damages and social harms caused by it”.April 26, Friday. Online at: www.irna.ir/news/83292200.
-Keyes, C.M. (1998). “Social Well-being”. Social Psychology Quarterly. 61. 121-141.
-Keyes, C.M.; Shmotkin, D. & Ryyf, D.D. (2004). “Optimizing well-behng: the Emprical Encunter of two tradititins”. Journal of personality and social psychology.
-Larson, J. (1993). “The Measurement of Social Well- being”. Social indicators Researc. (28). 285- 296.
-Mehr. (2019). “Determination of camps accepting residents of Susangerd, Hamidiyeh, Rafi and Bostan”. April 6. Online at: mehrnews.com/xNXQm.
-Mwape, Y.P. (2009). an impact of floods on the socio-economic livelihoods of people: a case study of sikaunzwe community in kazungula district of Zambia. university of the free state. faculty of natural and agricultural sciences.
-Piran, P. (2004). Sociology of Collective Tragedy and Its Role in Crisis Management. Social Welfare. 3(11). 13-48.
-Rahman, S.U. (2014). impacts of flood on the lives and livelihoods of people in bangladesh: a case study of a village in manikganj district. A Dissertation for the Degree of Master in Disaster Management. BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
-Ritzer, G. (2015). Sociological theory in contemporary times. Translation: Mohsen Salasi. Tehran: Scientific.
-Rodolf Touba, Z. (1977). Definition of the system of social rupture. Translation: Qamar Pilehvar. Social Sciences Letter. 7. 128-135.
-Sadrmomtaz, N.; Tabibi, J.; Mahmudi, M. (2007). “Comparative study of disaster management planning in selected countries”. Journal of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. 1: 14-19.
-Safari, M. (2020). “Modeling structural relationships of serious leisure, identity and spatial dependence of women”. Women and society. 11(2). 135-154.
-Saif, A. (1990). Learned helplessness. Research on psychosocial issues. 5. 18-26.
-Shafiee Ghahfarokhi, F. (1994). Social Support and Mental Health. World Health. 8(1).
-Strauss, A.; Korbin, J. (2012). Fundamentals of qualitative research (techniques and stages of production of background theory). Translation: Ebrahim Afshar. Tehran: Ney.
-Tasnim. (2019). Temporary accommodation camps were set up for the people of Susangerd, Hamidiyeh, Rafi and Bostan. April 7. Online at: https://tn.ai/1983081.
-The Red Crescent of Susangerd. (2019). Reports of the situation of the flooded camps in the city of Susangerd.
-Vahida, F.; Soltani Nejad, A. & Soltani Nejad, A. (2012). Analysis of the Seismological Society of Bam City.Iranian Sociological Studies.2(7). 9-23.
-Walliman, N. (2008). Research Methods in Social Sciences. Translation: Mohsen Niazi, Fereydoon Bahadorani and Mostafa Salabat. Tehran: Pendarpars.
_||_