اثربخشی مشاورهی سیستمی بوئن بر بخشش و کاهش دلزدگی زناشویی در زنان ناسازگار
محورهای موضوعی : زن و جامعهآرزو مجرد 1 , حسین قمری گیوی 2 , احمدرضا کیانی 3
1 - کارشناسی ارشد مشاوره خانواده، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
2 - استاد گروه مشاوره و علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
3 - استادیار گروه مشاوره و علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
کلید واژه: دلزدگی زناشویی, بخشش, زنان ناسازگار, مشاورهی سیستمی بوئن,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی اثربخشی مشاورهی سیستمی بوئن بر بخشش و دلزدگی زناشویی در زنان ناسازگار بود. طرح پژوهش نیمهآزمایشی و از نوع پیشآزمون – پسآزمون چندگروهی بود. جامعه آماری شامل تمام زنانی را شامل میشد که به منظور طلاق در سال 1395 به دادگستری شهر اردبیل مراجعه کرده بودند. نمونهی پژوهش شامل 30 زن ناسازگار (متقاضی طلاق) بود که به روش نمونهگیری در دسترس انتخاب و به روش تصادفی در دو گروه، شامل یک گروه آزمایشی و یک گروه کنترل (هرگروه 15 نفر) گمارده شدند. جهت جمعآوری اطلاعات از پرسشنامههای بخشش (Rye, 1998) و دلزدگی زناشویی (Pines, 2004) استفاده شد. برای گروه آزمایشی مشاوره سیستمی بوئن در 7 جلسه یک و نیم ساعته برگزار شد در حالی که گروه کنترل هیچگونه مداخلهای را دریافت نکردند. برای هر دو گروه، پیشآزمون و پسآزمون یک هفته قبل و یک هفته بعد از ارائهی مشاوره انجام شد. نتایج تحلیل کوواریانس نشان داد که مشاورهی سیستمی بوئن به طور معناداری موجب افزایش میزان بخشش و کاهش دلزدگی زناشویی و ابعاد آن شامل خستگی جسمی، خستگی عاطفی، خستگی روانی در زنان ناسازگار میشود (01/0<p). این نتایج میتواند پشتوانهای برای بهکارگیری روش مشاورهی سیستمی بوئن در کاهش دلزدگی زناشویی و افزایش میزان بخشش در زنان ناسازگار باشد تا بدین وسیله علاوه بر مانع شدن از فروپاشی بنیان خانواده، باعث بهبود روابط زناشویی شد.
The purpose of this study was to survey Effectiveness of Bowen Systemic Consulting on forgiveness and marital burnout in maladaptive women. The method of research was Quasi-experimental and pretest – posttest with multi groups. The statistical population included all women who were referred to the Justice Department in Ardabil in order to divorce in 2016. The sample consisted of 30 non-compliant women (divorce applicant) were selected by available sampling method and random assigned to two groups, one experimental group and one control group (each group was 15). From questionnaires forgiveness (Rey, 1998) and marital burnout (Pines, 2004) was used to collect information. For experiment group, Bowen Systemic Consulting were held in 7 sessions in one and a half hours whereas control groups did not receive any training. For both of groups, pre-test and post-test were performed one week before and one week after counseling. The results of covariance analysis showed that Bowen Systemic Consulting significantly increased the amount of forgiveness and decreased marital burnout and its dimensions include physical exhaustion, emotional exhaustion, and mental exhaustion in maladaptive women (p>0/01). These results can be backed up to use Bowen Systemic Consulting method to reduce marital burnout and increase the amount of forgiveness in Incompatible women. In this way, in addition to preventing the collapse of the family foundation, it improved marital relations.
- Asadi, S. (2014). Comparison of the Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Family Therapy and Boehni in Improving Quality of Life and Psychological Well-being and Resilience Based on the Role of Distinctive Controlling Role. Master's Thesis. Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences. University of Science and Culture. Tehran. [Persian]
- Asadpoor, E. Nazari A.M. Sanaeizaker, B., & Shagagi, Sh. (2012). The Effectiveness of Emotional-Couple Therapy on Increasing Intimacy of Couples Referring to Counseling Centers in Tehran. Clinical psychology research and counseling, 2(1): 25-38. [Persian]
- Atashpoor, H. Ebrahimi, L., & Kazemi, E. (2014). Intimacy and fear of intimacy. Tehran: Qatre Publishing. [Persian]
- Ayobi, E. Jafari, A., & Ghamari, M. (2013). Effectiveness of self-differentiating control training on the emotional activity of married women. Journal of Cultural Education of Women and Family, 7(22): 127-146. [Persian]
- Bernstein, F., & Bernstein, M. (2005). Marital Therapy (Behavioral Communication - Communication). Translation: Poorabedi naeini, H. Manshaei G.R. Tehran: Roshd Publishing. [Persian]
- Blumer, M. L. C., & Murphy, M. J. (2011). Alaskan gay males’ couple experiences of societal non-support: Coping through families of choice and therapeutic means. Contemporary Family Therapy, 33(1): 273–290.
- Bowen, M. (1978). Family Therapy in Clinical Practice. New York: Aronson.
- Brush, B.L. Mc Gee, E. Cavanagh, B., & Woodward, M. (2001). Forgiveness: A concept analysis. Journal of Holistic Nurses Association, 19: 24-27.
- Dicker, A. (2001). Using Bowen Therapy to improve staff health. Journal of Holistic Nursing, 8(1): 38-42.
- Fincham, D., & Steven, R. (2006). Forgiveness in marriage: Current Status and future directions.Journal of Family Relations, 55(4): 415-427.
- Fotovat, L. (2010). The Effectiveness of Combined Family Therapy with Bowen's Approach on Reducing the Divorce Rate of Couples Referring to the Justice Department of Bushehr Province. Master's Thesis. Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht Branch. [Persian]
- Ghafari, F. Rafiei, H., & Sanaei, B. (2010). The Effectiveness of Family Education Using the Bowen System Theory on the Distinction and Function of Families with Addicted Children. Family research, 6(2): 227-239. [Persian]
- Goldenberg, I. & Goldenberg, H. (2013). Family Therapy. Translation: Hoseinshahi Baravati, H.R. Naqshbandi, S. & Arjomand, E. Tehran: Ravan Publishing, 12th Edition. [Persian]
- Goodell, T., & Hanson, S.M.H. (1999). Nurse-Family Interactions in Adult Critical Care: A Bowen Family Systems Perspective. Journal of Family Nursing, 5(1): 72-91.
- Hashemi, M. Zademohamadi, A., & Jarar, Jamshid. (2014). the Effectiveness of Group Learning on the Concepts of the Bowen System Approach on the Distinction of Mothers. Journal of Applied Psychology, 8(29), 29-46. [Persian]
- Heydarnia, A., & Mami, Sh. (2014). The Effectiveness of Family Therapy Based on Minoucin & Bowen Style Structural Techniques on Couples' Marital Satisfaction. International Management Conference. Economics and Humanities. [Persian]
- Honarparvaran, N. (2014). Effectiveness of Attitude and Attitude Approach (ACT) on Forgiveness and Marital Adaptation of Women Affected by Spouse's betrayal. Journal of Women and Society, 5(2): 135-150. [Persian]
- Jankowski, P. J., & Hooper, L. M. (2012). Differentiation of self: A validation study of the Bowen theory construct. Couple and FamilyPsychology: Research and Practice, 1(3), 226-243.
- Karkhane, P. Jazayeri, R. Bahrami, F., & Fatehizade, M. (2015). Investigating the Effect of Behavioral Based Education on the Attemptation of Married Women in Isfahan. Quarterly personality and individual differences, 4(7), 167-183. [Persian]
- Kazemian, S., & Esmaeili, M. (2011). The Effectiveness of self-differentiation training on increasing adolescent compatibility of divorced households. Clinical Psychology Research and Consulting, 2(1): 143-152. [Persian]
- Kenneth, C. Messina, Jered, B. Kolbert, Matthew, J. Bundick, Laura, M., & Crothers, Donald, A. (2018). The Impact of Counseling on Bowen’s Differentiation of Self. The Family Journal, 26, (2): 1-6.
- Khalilzade Matori, M. (2013). The Effectiveness of the Combined Approach Thematic Relationship and Bowen on Marital Adjustment and Female Sexual Satisfaction. Master's thesis. Islamic Azad University of Marvdasht Branch. [Persian]
- Kim, H. Prouty, A.N. Smith, D.B. KO, M.J. Watchler, J.L., & Euo Oh, J. (2015). Differentiation and Healthy Family Functioning of Koreans in South Korea, South Koreans in the United States, and White Americans. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 41, 1: 72-85.
- Knauth, D.G. (2003). Family Secrets: An Illustrative Clinical Case Study Guided by Bowen Family Systems Theory. Journal of Family Nursing, 9, 3: 331-344.
- Knauth, Donna G. Skowron, Elizabeth A., & Escobar, Melicia. (2006). Effect of Differentiation of Self on Adolescent Risk Behavior: Test of the Theoretical Model. Nursing research, 55, 5: 336-345.
- Mahmodi Mehr, M., & Navabinejad, Sh. (2011). The effect of group therapy coupled with the Boean approach to the degree of differentiation of couples. Consulting research, 39: 7-18. [Persian]
- Mojarrad, A. (2017). Comparison of the effectiveness of Boweni's systemic counseling and the solution-based approach to reducing the risk of divorce, disturbance and marital incompatibility in maladaptive women. Master's thesis. Mohaghegh Ardabili University. [Persian]
- Naseri, Sh. Sabet, A.R., & Zarinkafsh, S. (2010). Love Technology. Mashhad. Aftab Publishing. Second Edition. [Persian]
- Navidi, F. (2005). Investigating and comparing the relationship between marital morbidity and organizational climate factors in the staff of educational and nursing offices of Tehran hospitals. Ph.D. in consulting. Shahid Beheshti University. [Persian]
- Nichols, M.P., & Schwartz, R.C. (2014). Family therapy concepts and methods. Translation: Dehghani, M. Ganjavi, A. Najarian, F. Rasouli, S. Zade Mohammadi, A., & Tahmasian, K. Tehran: Danjeh Publishing, 7th Edition. [Persian].
- Palombi, M. (2016). Separations: A Personal Account of Bowen Family Systems Theory. Journal of Family therapy, 37, 3: 327-339.
- Panahi, M. Kazemi Jamarani, Sh. Enayatpoor Shahrbabaki, M., & Rostami, M. (2017). The Effectiveness of Behavioral-Combined Therapy Couples on Reducing Marital Engagement and Fear of Intimacy of Couples. Journal of Applied Psychology, 11 (3): 1-20. [Persian]
- Papero, DV. (1990). Bowen family system theory. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
- Perissutti, C., & Barraca, J. (2013). Integrative behavioral couple therapy vs. Traditional behavioral couple therapy: A theoretical review of the differential effectiveness. Clínica y Salud, 24(3): 11-18.
- Pines, A. (1996). What can we do to make a dream come true? Translation: Shadab, F. (2015). Tehran: Qoqnos Publishing. [Persian]
- Pirfalak, M. Sodani, M. & Shafiabadi A. (2014). The Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Group Couples Therapy (GCBCT) on reducing marital distress. Quarterly Journal of Family Counseling and Psychotherapy, 4(2): 247-267. [Persian]
- Pirsaqi, F. (2002). The Effectiveness of self-differentiation training on the daring of female students. Master's thesis. Allameh Tabatabaei University. Tehran. [Persian]
- Pooresmaeili, A. (2015). Explaining marital distress in couples applying for divorce in accordance with the conceptual model of stress and adaptation vulnerability. PhD thesis. Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences. Mohaghegh Ardabili University. Ardabil. [Persian]
- Riply, J.S. (2004). Hope-focused and forgiveness based group interventions to promote marital enrichment. Journal of Counseling & Development, 80: 452-463.
- Rye, M.S. Loiacono, D.M. Folk, C.D. Olszewski, B.T. Heim, T.A., & Madia, B.P. (2001). Evaluation of the psychometric properties of two forgiveness scales. Current Psychology: Development, Learning, Personality, 20: 260-277.
- Shiralinia, Kh. (2012). The Effectiveness of Advanced Cognitive-Behavioral Couples Therapy and Emotion-Based Couples Therapy on Depression Reduction. Emotional Regulation and Communication Intimacy of Couples Referring to Ahwaz Counseling Centers. Doctoral dissertation. Consultation. Faculty of Psychology. Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. [Persian]
- Skoworn, E.A. (2004). Differentiation of Self, Personal Adjustment, Problem Solving, and Ethnic Group Belonging Among Persons of Color. Journal of Counseling & Development, 82(4): 447-456.
- Sobral, M.P. Matos, P.M., & Costa, M.E. (2014). Fear of intimacy among couples: Dyadic and mediating effects of parental inhibition of exploration and individuality and partner attachment. Journal Family Science, 6(1): 380-388.
- Weinberger, M.I. Hofstein, Y., & Whit bourne, S. (2008). Intimacy in young adulthood as a predictor of divorce in midlife. Press Relatsh, 15(4): 551-557.
- Yektatalab, Sh. Seddigh Oskouee, F., & Sodani, M. (2017). Efficacy of Bowen Theory on Marital Conflict in the Family Nursing Practice: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 38, 3: 253-260.
- Yosefi, N. (2011). Comparison of the effectiveness of two family therapies based on schema therapy and Bowen's emotional system on early maladaptive schemas in clients seeking divorce in Saqez. Journal of Mental Health, 13(4), 356-373. [Persian]
_||_