عوامل کاهش طرد شدن اجتماعی زنان روستایی مطالعه موردی: زنان روستایی شهرستان اردبیل
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زن و جامعه
1 - دانشیار جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی و عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
کلید واژه: زنان روستایی, توسعه روستایی, شهرستان اردبیل, مطردویت اجتماعی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف این مقاله بررسی عوامل کاهش طرد شدن اجتماعی زنان روستایی شهرستان اردبیل می‌باشد. این پژوهش، از لحاظ هدف توسعه‌ای، و از لحاظ ماهیت توصیفی و پیمایشی و نیز از نوع تحلیلی است. در این پژوهش روش گرد‌آوری داده‌ها برای پاسخ‌گویی به سئوالات پژوهش، به دو صورت اسنادی (داده‌های ثانویه) و پیمایشی (داده‌های اولیه) و ابزار مورد استفاده در روش پیمایشی پرسش‌نامه و مصاحبه بوده است. روایی صوری پرسش‌نامه به وسیله پانل کارشناسان تایید شد. مطالعه راهنما در منطقه مشابه جامعه آماری با تعداد30 پرسش نامه انجام گرفت و با داده‌های کسب شده و استفاده از فرمول ویژه آلفای کرونباخ در نرم افزار SPSS، پایایی بخش‌های گوناگون پرسش‌نامه پژوهش 86 /0 الی 90/0 بدست آمد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها از مدل تحلیل عاملی استفاده شد. نتایج روش تحلیل عاملی نشان داد مهم‌ترین عوامل کاهش طرد‌شدن اجتماعی زنان در منطقه مورد مطالعه شامل چهار مولفه (تقویت شبکه‌های اجتماعی و سرمایه اجتماعی، تقویت سرمایه روان‌شناختی و رضایت‌مندی اجتماعی، توانمندسازی اقتصادی و بهبود کیفیت زندگی و تقویت زیرساخت فرهنگی و اهتمام به آموزش) است که مقدار واریانس و واریانس تجمعی تبیین شده به وسیله این چهار عامل 12/71می‌باشد. در نهایت، با توجه به تحلیل نتایج پیشنهادهای کاربردی ارایه شده است.
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the reduction factors of rural women social exclusion in the Ardabil County. The research method was analytical -explanative survey type. The population of the study consists of all rural women living in rural areas of Ardabil County in 2017 (N=31204), among which 380 persons were selected as statistical sample by using Cochran formula. Sample size was determined based on the Cochran’s formula and the required data were collected through questionnaires. Content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by professors and experts and its reliability was determined based on Cronbach's alpha (0.86-0.90). For analyzing data, factor analysis model was used. The results of this model showed that the most important factors for the exclusion of rural women social involvement includes four components (reinforcement of social network and social capital, reinforcement of psychological capital and live satisfaction, economy empowerment and empowerment of life quality and cultural infrastructure and attention to education). The cumulative variance by five factors was 71.12.
- Abrams, D, Christian, J, & Gordon, D (2007). Multidisciplinary hand book of social exclusion research, John Wiley and Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate Chichester, West Susses PO19 8SQ, England. /Book.
- Antony, G. (2012). Sociology, Translated by Hasan Chavoshian, Tehran, Publication of Ni. (Persian)
- Atkinson, A. B. & Hills, J. (1998). Exclusion, employment and opportunity CASE paper, Centre for Analysis of Social Exclusion, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK.
- Behaghel, L. (2013). Poverty and social exclusion in rural areas, Final Report, European Commission.
- Burchardt, T. Le Grand. J, & Piachand, D. (2002). Social exclusion in Britain: 227-244.
- Chappel, M. & Moon, J. (2008). “Corporate social responsibility(CSR) in Asia: A Seven country study of CSR”,Business and Society, Vol44, No4, pp 415-441.
- Faraji Babolan, Sh. (2016). role of psychological capital on psychological well-being of rural women, Case Study: Thesis Presented for the Degree of Master of Mohaghegh Ardabili University. (Persian)
- Fariba, F. (2012). Survey of social exclusion situation of family householder women (Case Study: family householder women at list waiting of Rai and Tehran well-being organization), Thesis Presented For the Degree of Master of University of Teharn, Faulty of Social Faculty (Persian)
- Farzizadhe, Z. (2014). Social exclusion of single rural daughters, Journal of Rural Development, Vol2, No1, pp 123-146. (Persian)
- Firozabadi, S.A., & Farzizadhe, Z., & Daneshpour, Z. (2016). Survey of social exclusion condition of rural women, (Case Study: Village of Chamran From Savehe County), Journal of Survey Iranian Social problems, Vol7, No1, pp 229- 260. (Persian)
- Firozabadi, S.A., & Sadeghi, A (2012). social exclusion (a sociological approach to poverty), Tehran, Publication of Sociologist. . (Persian)
- Firozabadi, S.A., & Sadeghi, A. (2009). the study of social exclusion dimensions of householder rural women with relation to employment and residing, journal of woman on Development and Policy, Vol8, No2, pp 93- 114. (Persian)
- Fischer, A. M. (2008). Resolving the theoretical ambiguities of social exclusion with reference to polarization and conflict, London School of Economics and Political Science.
- Fitzptrick, T. (2006). the theories of new welfare, translated by Hormoz Homaionpour, Tehran: High Institute of Social Supply research. (Persian)
- Flotten, T. (2006). Poverty and social exclusion: Two Side of the Same Coin?"
- Gardner, H. (2011). The unschooled mind: how children think and how schools should teach. New York: Basic Book.
- Ghafari, Gh., & Mohmmad Bagher, T. (2006), Recognition components of social poverty, Journal of Welfare and Social Development, Vol5, No17, pp 12-56. (Persian)
- Ghafari, Gh.,& Omidi, R. (2009). conceptual and theoretical circulation from poverty as a social exclusion, Journal of Welfare and Social Development, Vol4, No2, pp 36-67. (Persian)
- Gordon, D. Dominic. A, & Juli, T. (2007). Multidisciplinary handbook of social exclusion Research, John
- Heidari Sarban, V. (2017). Role of social capital on rural women empowerment in the Meshkinshar County, Journal of Geography and Regional Planning, Vol 5, No4, PP 15-35. (Persian
- Hortulanus, R. Machiels, A. & Meeuwesen, L. (2006). Social isolation in modern society, Routledge Press.In Persian:
- Kabeer, N. (2000). Social exclusion, poverty and discrimination: towards an analytical framework, IDS bulletin,Vol31, No4, 12-63.
- Levitas, R. (2008). Let’s hear it for Humpty: social exclusion, the third way and cultural capital’, Cultural Trends 50, Vol 13, No 2,PP 41-50.
- Mergler, A. S. (2007). “Relationships between personal responsibility, emotional intelligence and self-esteem in adolescents and young adults”, The Australia Educational and Developmental Psychologist, Vol 24, No1,PP 5-18.
- Narayan, D. (1999). Bonds and bridges: social capital and poverty, World Bank.
- Narayan, D. Patel, K. Schafft, S. koch, & Rademacher, A. (2000). Voices of the Poor: Can Anyone Hear Us?",Oxford University Press for the World Bank.
- Nemati, A. Abbasgholizadhe, N., & Rahimi, Gh. (2012), knowledge and nutritional pattern of rural women in Ardabil Province, Journal of Health, Vol 2, No3, PP 33-39. (Persian
- North, D. & Syrett, S (2012). Making the links: economic deprivation, neighborhood renewal and scales of governance‟, Regional Studies, VOl 42, No1, PP133-148.
- O‟Brien, M. & Penna, S. (2010). Social exclusion in Europe: some conceptual issues”, International Journal of Social Welfare, Vol 1, No7, PP 84-92.
- Pearson, R. (2004). New fundamental in planning for local economic development:entrepreneurial communities, Georgia Institute of Technology City and Regional Local Economic Development, New York: Free Press.
- Rayce, SL., Holstein, BE., & Kreiner., S. (2012). Aspects of alienation and symptom load among adolescents. Journal of Public Health, Vol19, No1, PP 79-84.
- Ritzer, G. (2009). Sociological theory, McGraw-HillSeventh Edition.
Rodgers, G.Charles, G. & Figueirdsdo ,B. (1995). Social exclusion: rhetoric, reality, Responses . International Labour organization.
- Sano, Y. (2008). The role of social capital in a common property resource system in coastal areas: A case study of community-based coastal resource management in Fiji, SPC Traditional Marine Resource Management and Knowledge Information Bulletin, 24-December 2008, 19-32.
- Sen, A. (2002). Social exclusion: concept, application and scrutiny”, social development Papers No (1).Manilla: Office of Environment and Social Development. Asian Development Bank.
- Shankar, A., Hamer, M., McMunn, A., & Steptoe, A. (2015). Social isolation and loneliness: relationships with cognitive function during 4 years of follow-up in the english longitudinal study of ageing. Psychosomatic Medicine, Vol75, No2, PP161–170
- Silver, H. (2008). Social exclusion and social solidarity: Three paradigms in David Byrne. Social Exclusion; Critical Concept in Mobility Sociology (262-313). Vol I Social Exclusion – the History and Use of a Concept.
- Smith, J. P. (2000). Policy responses to social exclusion, towards inclusion? Open University Press, Maidenhead. Philadelphia. /Article.
- Smith, M. (2013). Social exclusion in rural areas: A review of recent research, Sociological Ruralis,Vol 38, No2, PP 225-242.
- Tajmazinani, A., & Larijani, M. (2014). survey of influencing factors on social exclusion of Old Year Men (Varamin City), Journal of Appliead Socilogy, Vol26, N59, pp 57-74. (Persian)
- Todman, L. (2004). Reflection on social exclusion: What is it…?", Department of Sociology and Social Research. University of Milan.
- Townsend, P. (1979). Poverty in United Kingdom: A survey of household resources and standards of living, Penguin Books Ltd, Middlesex, England.
- Vahid Yeghanhe, F. (2014). survey of social exclusion situation of householder rural women (case study: householder rural women at waiting list of well-being organization of Tehran and rey Counties), A Thesis Presented for the Degree of Master of Tehran University. (Persian)
- Wiley & Sons Inc Yekkalam, N. (2012). "Patterns and Risk Factors of Social Exclusion Among Older People in India", UMEA University Thesis, available at: http://www.phmed.umu.se/digitalAssets/117/117473_negin-yekkalam.pdf
_||_