تاثیر سیاست آزادسازی تجاری)با تاکید بر کاهش موانع تعرفه- ای(، بر نرخ اشتغال زنان در کشورهای منتخب

محورهای موضوعی : زن و جامعه

عاطفه سرکش ¹ , رویا آل عمران ^{2 *}

1 - دانشجوی دکتری،گروه اقتصاد،واحد تبریز،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،تبریز،ایران
2 - دانشیار،گروه اقتصاد،واحد تبریز،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،تبریز،ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1401/05/02 تاریخ پذیرش : 1402/02/28 تاریخ انتشار : 1402/05/01

کلید واژه: اقتصادسنجی فضایی, آزادسازی تجاری, موانع تعرفهای, نرخ اشتغال زنان,

چکیده مقاله :

در طول سه دهه گذشته، بسیاری از کشورها اصالحات اقتصادی را انجام دادهاند که شامل سیاستهای

آزادسازی تجاری است و عالقه زیادی به تأثیر جنسیتی این اصالحات وجود دارد. از سوی دیگر آزادسازی

تجاری ساختار اشتغال، میزان فقر و توزیع درآمد و دستمزد را تعیین میکند. در این راستا هدف این مقاله برآورد

اثر آزادسازی تجاری بر نرخ اشتغال زنان با استفاده از دادههای تابلویی مربوط به کشورهای منتخب اسالمی در

قالب رویکرد اقتصاد سنجی فضایی است. برای این منظور از آمار سالهای 1999 تا 2018 استفاده شده

است. نتایج نشان میدهد که آزادسازی تجاری تاثیر مستقیم و معنادار و موانع تعرفهای تاثیر معکوس و معنادار

بر نرخ اشتغال زنان کشورهای منتخب دارد. همچنین آزادسازی تجاری یک کشور اثر سرریز مثبت بر نرخ

اشتغال زنان سایر کشورها داشته است. به این معنی که با افزایش آزادسازی تجاری هر کشور، به طور متوسط

نرخ اشتغال زنان سایر کشورهای منتخب افزایش یافته است.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Over the past three decades, many countries have implemented

economic reforms that include trade liberalization policies and there is a

strong interest in the gender impact of these reforms. On the other hand,

trade liberalization determines the structure of employment, the extent of

poverty, and the distribution of income and wages. The purpose of this

paper is to estimate the effect of trade liberalization on women's

employment using panel data from selected Islamic countries in the

framework of a spatial econometric approach. The 1999 to2018 statistics

were used for this purpose. The results show that trade liberalization has a

direct and significant impact, and tariff barriers have a significant and

reverse impact on the employment of women in the Selected Islamic

Countries. Also, the commercial liberalization of one country has had a

positive effect on the employment of women in other countries. This

means that with the increasing commercial liberalization of each country,

the average employment rate of women in other Selected Islamic

Countries has increased.

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