مدلسازی و تحلیل مؤلفه‌های توسعه پایدار شهرهای کوچک (مطالعه موردی: بویین و میاندشت در استان اصفهان)
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای
نادر شوهانی
1
(دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی ، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران)
زهره فنی
2
(دانشیار گروه جغرافیا انسانی، دانشکده علوم و زمین، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران)
راضیه کریمی
3
(کارشناس ارشد گروه جغرافیا و اکوتوریسم، دانشکده علوم و زمین و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه کاشان، ایران)
سجاد دارابی
4
(دانشجوی دکتری گروه جغرافیا انسانی، دانشکده علوم و زمین، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران)
کلید واژه: شهرهای کوچک, توسعه پایدار, محیط شهری, بویین و میاندشت,
چکیده مقاله :
مقدمه: شهرها به عنوان یک مکان جغرافیایی که محل رشد جمعیت و فعالیت‌های انسانی است که از نظر پایداری اهمیت زیادی یافته اند به گونه‌ای که پایداری به عنوان قوانین پایه در برنامه ریزی شهری مبدل شده است از طرفی در چند دهه اخیر با گرایش به تمرکز زدایی و کاهش نابرابری‌ها توجه به شهرهای کوچک اهمیت زیادی یافته است. هدف از این مقاله سنجش سطح پایداری شهر بویین و میاندشت بر اساس شاخصهای توسعه پایدار است. با توجه به ماهیت پژوهش روش تحقیق در این پژوهش توصیفی ـ تحلیلی است که جمع آوری اطلاعات میدانی با استفاده از ابزار پرسشنامه محقق ساخته صورت گرفته شده. جامعه آماری مورد مطالعه ساکنین شهر بویین و میاندشت که تعداد 9887 نفر است و حجم نمونه با استفاده از نرم افزار sample power با سطح اطمینان95 درصد و خطای احتمالی 5 درصد 150 نفر تعیین گردیده است. که با استفاده از آزمون آماری Tتک نمونه و مدل سازی معادلات ساختاری (Sem) در محیط نرم افزارهایSPSS و AMOSبه بررسی و تحلیل عوامل مؤثر پرداخته شد. نتایج نشان داده‌اند که شهر بویین و میاندشت از نظر مؤلفه پایداری، از لحاظ شاخص اجتماعی، زیست محیطی و کالبدی در سطح ناپایداری قرار دارد. نتایج حاصل از مدل سازی معادلات ساختاری نشان دهنده این است که از بین شاخصهای مورد سنجش، شاخص آلودگی صوتی و بصری بیشترین بار عاملی با وزن رگرسیونی93/0 و پس از آن عوامل اجتماعی و معابر به صورت مشترک با وزن رگرسیونی 88/ 0 در مرتبه دوم قرار دارند و شاخصهای مدیریت شهری، مشارکت، کالبدی، فضای سبز، امنیت و همبستگی و تعلق اجتماعی به ترتیب با بارهای عاملی به ترتیب 79/0، 69/0، 68/0، 53/0، 52/0 و49/0 در مرتبه های بعدی قرار گرفته‌اند.
Abstract
Cities as a geographical place where population growth and human activities have become very important in terms of sustainability so that sustainability has become the basic rules in urban planning on the other hand in recent decades with a tendency to decentralization and reduction Inequalities It is important to pay attention to small towns. The purpose of this article is to assess the level of sustainability of Buin and Miandasht based on sustainable development indicators. Due to the nature of the research, the research method in this research is descriptive-analytical, which collected field information using a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population of the residents of Buin and Miandasht, which is 9887 people, and the sample size was determined using sample power software with a confidence level of 95% and a possible error of 5% of 150 people. Using one-sample t-test and structural equation modeling (Sem) in SPSS and AMOS software environment, effective factors were studied and analyzed. The results show that the city of Buin and Miandasht are at the level of instability in terms of sustainability component, in terms of social, environmental and physical indicators. The results of structural equation modeling show that among the measured indices, the noise and visual pollution index has the highest factor load with a regression weight of 0.93 and then social factors and passages together with a regression weight of 0.88 in the order Are the second and the indicators of urban management, participation, physical, green space, security and solidarity and social belonging with factor loads of 0.79, 0.69, 0.68, 0.53, 0.52 and 0.49, respectively. Are in the next order.
Extended Abstract
Introduction
Sustainable development as a new concept of scientific development, which changes not only the concept of economic development, but also the concept of social, environmental and physical development. Human-social, while the needs are constantly refined in the light of the cultural values of society and the suggestion of the stability of the world. Such development meets current needs, without diminishing the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. The development of small cities is a good way for sustainable development of the region and creating social balance and can act as a barrier against the growth of large cities. The first is urbanization, paying attention to strengthening medium-sized cities and supporting the creation of such cities in the urban network, so that today the need to pay attention to decentralization in the discussion of development, especially in developing countries, is one of the most basic attitudes. One of the most basic issues that has been raised is the need to look at the small parts of the settlement hierarchy, in which small towns need special attention. Small towns can moderate the process of centralism and be a solution to the first urban problem by reviewing the urban system. In most developing countries, planners' attention to spatial-physical decentralization of the land with the aim of balancing the settlement system, curbing the abnormal growth of metropolitan areas, reducing regional inequalities, and urban-rural dichotomy has led to different strategies for population distribution and urbanization. . One of the most important strategies in this regard is to pay attention to strengthening small cities and supporting the creation of such cities in the country's urban network. Small urban centers with balanced development and in harmony with their environmental conditions, while reducing socio-economic differences within the region, lead to the realization of factors in the field of sustainable development. The city of Buin and Miandasht is a small city located in Isfahan province among agricultural lands, as a result of which its development is generally accompanied by the destruction of agricultural lands. On the other hand, due to rapid population changes and urban development, the need for planned development is increasingly felt that the direction of physical development should be done in such a way that with the optimal development of the city, the least damage to agricultural land and at the same time can be It also achieved sustainable urban development
Methodology
The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in nature and method. The method of data collection and information in this research is documentary and survey method. Then, using SPSS and AMOS software, sustainable urban development was analyzed. The statistical population of the study was based on the 2016 census. The relevant questionnaire had 59 items, the first 7 of which were related to general questions and the rest of the questions were designed in the form of a 5-point Likert scale. The validity of this questionnaire was confirmed by the professors and the reliability of this questionnaire was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha test with a value of 0.815.
Results and Discussion
The results of t-test to measure sustainability in each of the environmental variables of sustainable development for Buin and Miandasht show that, considering the level of significance (sig≤0.05), the value of T-statistic for the variable of green space (11.18-), The variable of noise and visual pollution (37.88), the variable of household density (13.12-), the variable of satisfaction with the passages (1-1.16) and the variable of satisfaction with the municipality (-9.77) have been calculated, so that with Considering the theoretical average (µ = 3) by accepting an error of less than 0.05 (sig = 0.000) and a degree of confidence of more than 0.095, so we can say that the residents of this city status of green space variables, household density, satisfaction They have evaluated the roads and the satisfaction of the municipality as undesirable
Measuring sustainability in each of the variables of the social dimension of sustainable development for the city of Buin, shows that the situation of this city in terms of variables of social solidarity and belonging, identity and social belonging, security and participation is at an unfavorable level.
Measurement of sustainability in the physical index of sustainable development for the city of Buin Miandasht, shows that the residents of this city have evaluated the status of variables of facilities and equipment, renovation and improvement of old blocks as satisfactory, but from residents, the status of variables of attractive space and Diversity, accessibility is at an unfavorable level
In general, the results of the research show different results from the level of stability, which in this regard with the research of Azimi and Amoli (2017) and Alavi et al. (2013), Marsousi et al. (1393) and Zakerian and Parhizkar (2010), Alavi Et al. (2014), Yang Li and Hong (2007) are consistent in terms of environmental index and in terms of social index Alavi et al. (2014), Natalie, Rosalesa (2011), Hong and Yang Li (2007) are consistent and from The opinion of the Access Index of Azmi, Hafazah (2012) is consistent with the reason for the compatibility due to the condition of access and passages at the desired level, which can be attributed to improving the condition of sidewalks and improving the drainage system.
Conclusion
According to field observations, the city of Buin and Miandasht has a low level of social stability. The reason for this is that due to attracting immigrants from other areas, especially the surrounding rural areas, it has led to heterogeneity, and on the other hand, due to rent, the residents of this city do not have attachment and belonging, and due to lack of trust between officials and People and has led to people not participating in urban projects. Regarding the environmental-physical sustainability, it can be said that this city does not have adequate distribution of sufficient green space, lack of proper asphalt of roads, paving, flooring and network of roads, proper public transportation system, sidewalks, lack of light and proper swimming. Citizens 'satisfaction with municipal services has not been unfavorable and has caused citizens' dissatisfaction. The results obtained from the t-test are one-sample. Also, the observations confirm the inappropriate distribution of indicators. With a factor load of 0.94, it is in the first place of impact and sustainable development has had the highest impact. After that, urban management with a factor of 0.92 is in the second place of impact and the physical index with a factor of 0.77 is in the third place.
https://civilica.com/doc/1214710 [In Persian]
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