ارزیابی تطبیقی سیر تحول شاخص های مسکن نقاط شهری استان کردستان و کشور ایران طی دوره (1390-1345)

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای

سحر گلچینی ¹ , اسکندر مرادی ² , پخشان خضرنژاد ³

1 - کارشناس برنامه ریزی و بودجه سازمان مدیریت و برنامه ریزی استان کردستان
2 - ریاست دانشگاه پیام نور استان کردستان
3 - کارشناس بودجه شهرداری ارومیه

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/04/01 تاریخ پذیرش : 1397/04/01 تاریخ انتشار : 1397/04/01

کلید واژه: ایران, مسکن, کردستان, شاخص‌های کمی, شاخص‌های کیفی, نقاط شهری,

چکیده مقاله :

        شاخص­های کمی و کیفی مسکن یکی از کلیدی­ترین ابزار سنجش توسعه در کشورها محسوب می­شود. هرچند در دنیا اهمیت تحلیل شاخص مسکن و نقش آنها پذیرفته شده، اما این شاخص­ها در ایران چندان مورد مطالعه و استفاده در تدوین سیاست مسکن قرار نگرفته اند. این بخش در استان کردستان نیز همانند سطح ملی، شرایط ویژه ای دارد که بررسی آن می­تواند به تدوین راهبردهای مناسب برای ساماندهی این بخش منجر شود. این مقاله به منظور دستیابی به شناخت جامع از وضعیت مسکن، از طریق بررسی و ارزیابی تطبیقی در نقاط شهری استان کردستان و روند تحولات 45 ساله شاخص­های کمی و کیفی مسکن در ایران می­باشد. روش تحقیق حاضر از نوع توصیفی- تحلیلی و از نوع هدف کاربردی و بر تحلیل داده­های ثانویه پایه­گذاری شده است. بررسی شاخص­های کمی در طی دوره نشان می دهد که، شاخص­های تراکم نفر در واحد مسکونی و نسبت افزایش خانوار به واحد مسکونی، استان بهتر از شاخص کشوری و سایر شاخص­های متوسط اتاق در واحد مسکونی، اتاق برای هر خانوار، نفر در اتاق و خانوار در اتاق در نقاط شهری کشور روند مناسب و مطلوب تر را نسبت به استان نشان می­دهد. بررسی­های کیفی مسکن این استان در طی دوره، حاکی از آن است که شاخص، عمر مفید ساختمان­های با کمتر از 25 سال با 56/0، دارای روند مطلوب­تر از میانگین کشوری و شاخص­های استفاده از مصالح بادام، با 88/0 در کشور روند مناسب­تری نسبت به استان داشته­اند. ضمناً میزان مالکیت نیز با 46/52 درصد نسبت به نقاط شهری کشور روند مثبتی داشته است. اما طی دوره اخیر میزان اجاره نشینی، نسبت به دوره قبل به 28/35 درصد افزایش داشته است. لذا پیش بینی می­گردد که تا افق طرح، تعداد 48691 واحد مسکونی در استان کردستان و 2056099 واحد مسکونی در کشور مورد نیاز می­باشد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

      One of the main evaluation tool in development of our country is, quantitative and qualitative indexes of house. However, analyses of house indexes accepted in the world, but in Iran, they haven´t studied and used to compilation of house policy. This part, in Kurdistan, like national level, has especial condition that its analysis can lead to suitable strategy for its organization. The purpose of this essay are include: Access to comprehensive recognition of house condition through comparative assessment and analysis in urban place of Kurdistan and 45 years changing process of quantitative and qualitative indexes of house in Iran with appropriate condition the method of this research is applied purpose and descriptive-analytic and establish upon analyze the secondary data. Examining the quantitative determinants during period showed that nominal density index of residential unite and Ratio of household increase to residential unit of province was better than country indicator and other indicators of average number of rooms in residential unit, room per household, number of individuals per room and number of household per room in urban areas is more appropriate and favourable than to province. Qualitative examination of residential units of this province during the period suggested that useful life index of buildings less than 25 years (=0.56) was more favourable than to country average and index of using Almond Ingredients (=0.88) in country was more appropriate than to province. Meanwhile, measure of ownership of province (52.46%) has a positive trend than to urban areas. But during 2011, measure of tenancy increased up to 35.28% compare to previous period. So it is predicted that until horizon of period، 48691 residential units in Kurdistan province and 2056099 residential units in country are needed.

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