بررسی تن پوش های زنان دوره ساسانی
محورهای موضوعی : تاریخ و باستان شناسی
سارا صادقی
1
(دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، گروه باستان شناسی، اردبیل، ایران.)
زهرا میراضی
2
(دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، گروه باستان شناسی، اردبیل، ایران.)
فرزاد فیضی
3
(دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، گروه باستان شناسی، اردبیل، ایران.)
کلید واژه: دوره ساسانی, تن پوش های زنان,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی تن پوش های زنان دوره ساسانی بود. جامعه پژوهش شامل نقوش زنان در نقش‌برجسته ها، سکه ها، فلزکاری، مهرها، نقاشی ها و گچ بری ها و موازییک کاری های ساسانی ها می باشد. نمونه پژوهش پوشش زنان ساسانی در داده های فرهنگی این دوره را شامل می شود. طرح پژوهش توصیفی-تحلیلی بود. روش گردآوری اطلاعات کتابخانه ای (اسنادی) با بهره گیری از منابع مکتوب، بهره‌گیری از روش میدانی و از طریق ابزارهایی هم چون دوربین عکاسی و فیش برداری صورت گرفت. تجزیه و تحلیل نگاره ها از طریق تحلیلی بر اساس داده های باستان‌شناختی انجام شد. یافته‌های باستان شناختی ساسانیان هم چون ظروف فلزی، نقش برجسته ها، سکه ها، مهرها و غیره به روشنی نشان داد، زنان ایرانی با وجود برخورداری از همه فعالیت های سیاسی و اقتصادی گسترده از پوشش و جامه ی ویژه ای استفاده می‌کردند که این پوشش برخاسته از هنر و فرهنگ شاهان و هنرمندان عصر ساسانی بوده که در اوستا نیز به آن اشاره شده و از همه مهم تر، فرهنگ پوشش ایرانیان در دوره ساسانی تا اندازه ی متفاوت تر از دوره های قبل خود بوده است، به‌گونه ای انواع لباس های نازک و ابریشمی چین دار مانند پیراهن یا تونیک، شنل، کمربند جایگزین لباس‌های خشن و ضخیم دوره های قبل خود شده است. در نهایت می توان گزارش کرد که زنان ساسانی هم چون الهه ها آناهیتا، ملکه و شاهزادگان به طبع از اوستا لباس هایی پوشیده تا مچ پا به تن داشتند و موهایی بافته شده با تاجی بر سر و مراوریدهایی بر گردن این هنر را در اکثر داده های باستان شناختی رعایت می کردند.
The present study aimed to evaluate women’s clothing during the Sassanid era. The research population consisted of the women's images in the reliefs, coins, seals, paintings, stuccos, and tessellations during the Sassanid era. The study sample included women’s clothing in cultural data of this era. The research design was a descriptive-analytical method. The data were gathered via library (documentary) research method by using written sources, field research, and tools such as cameras and taking note cards. The pictures were analyzed using an archaeological data method. The Sassanids' archaeological findings such as metal dishes, reliefs, coins, seals, etc. clearly showed that Iranian women were using a special kind of clothing despite their broad range of political and economic activities. The clothing was inspired by the art and culture of Sassanid kings and artists, and it was mentioned in the Avesta and most importantly, the clothing of Persians during the Sassanid era was a little different from the past so that various kinds of pleated silk and thin clothes such as shirts or tunics, capes, belts have replaced the rough and thick clothes of the past eras. In conclusion, Sassanid women such as goddess Anahita, the queen, and princesses wore clothes, running down to the ankles, a crown on their heads, pearl necklaces, and braided their hair, following the clothing described in Avesta.
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