ارزش گذاری شاخصه های زیست پذیری و ارتقای کیفیت زندگی در کلانشهر کرج به منظور افزایش پایداری شهری

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهری

محمدباقر آسرایی ¹ (دانشجوی دکتری گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، واحد سمنان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سمنان، ایران.)
عباس ارغان ² (دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، واحد سمنان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سمنان، ایران.)
محمدرضا زندمقدم ³ (استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، واحد سمنان ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی سمنان، ایران.)

تاریخ دریافت : 1400/03/08 تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/08/15 تاریخ انتشار : 1401/11/01

کلید واژه: کیفیت زندگی, پایداری, شهرکرج, شهر زیست‌پذیر,

چکیده مقاله :

درجهان امروز شهرها با چالشهای بسیاری در زمینه های زیست محیطی، اقتصادی و اجتماعی مواجه و در عین حال به مکان اصلی سکونت و هنجار تبدیل شده اند. رشد شهرنشینی منجر به افزایش مسائل و مشکلات شهرها گشته و هشداری بر ناپایداری شهرها می باشد. در دو دهه اخیر به موازات نظریه‌های توسعه پایدار شهری ایده ارتقای کیفیت زندگی که خود موجبات زیست‌پذیر بودن شهرها را سبب می‌شود، مطرح و به همین دلیل قابلیت برخورداری از خصوصیات زیست‌پذیری برای شهرها و به‌ویژه کلان‌شهرها ضرورت یافته است. این پژوهش با توجه به هدف کاربردی و از نظر روش از نوع تحقیقات توصیفی- تحلیلی میدانی است.داده های آماری با استفاده از پرسشنامه جمع آوری و جامعه آماری پژوهش شهروندان ، مدیران و کارشناسان شهری می باشند.نتایج برگرفته ازتحلیل مدل رگرسیونی نشان می دهد که عامل اقتصادی با عدد 525/0 بالاترین اهمیت را دارد. همچنین نتایج بدست آمده از آزمون ضریب همبستگی پیرسون نیز نشانگر اهمیت بالای شاخص اقتصادی و سپس شاخص اجتماعی در زیست پذیری کلانشهر کرج را دارند. نتایج آزمونT در این پژوهش نشان می دهد که بین ابعاد چهارگانه عوامل اقتصادی ، اجتماعی ، زیست محیطی و کالبدی- زیبا شناسی با زیست پذیری شهری و کیفیت زندگی در کلانشهر کرج رابطه معنادار و تاثیرگذاری حاکم است.
نتایج برگرفته ازتحلیل مدل رگرسیونی نشان می دهد که عامل اقتصادی با عدد 525/0 بالاترین اهمیت را دارد. همچنین نتایج بدست آمده از آزمون ضریب همبستگی پیرسون نیز نشانگر اهمیت بالای شاخص اقتصادی و سپس شاخص اجتماعی در زیست پذیری کلانشهر کرج را دارند. نتایج آزمونT در این پژوهش نشان می دهد که بین ابعاد چهارگانه عوامل اقتصادی ، اجتماعی ، زیست محیطی و کالبدی- زیبا شناسی با زیست پذیری شهری و کیفیت زندگی در کلانشهر کرج رابطه معنادار و تاثیرگذاری حاکم است.

چکیده انگلیسی:

In today's world, cities face many challenges in the environmental, economic and social fields, and at the same time have become the main place of residence and norm. The growth of urbanization has led to an increase in the problems of cities and a warning of the instability of cities. In the last two decades, in parallel with theories of sustainable urban development, the idea of improving the quality of life, which makes cities viable, has been proposed, and therefore the ability to have viability characteristics for cities, especially large cities. Cities have become a necessity. This research is a descriptive-analytical field research according to the applied purpose and method. The statistical data are collected using a questionnaire and the statistical population of the research is citizens, managers and urban experts.The results obtained from the analysis of the regression model show that the economic factor with the number 0.525 is of the highest importance. Also, the results obtained from Pearson correlation coefficient test show the high importance of economic index and then social index in the livability of Karaj metropolis. The results of T-test in this study show that there is a significant and effective relationship between the four dimensions of economic, social, environmental and physical-aesthetic factors with urban livability and quality of life in Karaj metropolis. This research is a descriptive-analytical field research according to the applied purpose and method. The statistical data are collected using a questionnaire and the statistical population of the research is citizens, managers and urban experts.The results obtained from the analysis of the regression model show that the economic factor with the number 0.525 is of the highest importance. Also, the results obtained from Pearson correlation coefficient test show the high importance of economic index and then social index in the livability of Karaj metropolis. The results of T-test in this study show that there is a significant and effective relationship between the four dimensions of economic, social, environmental and physical-aesthetic factors with urban livability and quality of life in Karaj metropolis.

منابع و مأخذ:

1. AASHTO(2010),The Road to Livability: How State Departments of Transportation are using road investments to improve community livability, AASHTO.


2. Ali Akbari E., Akbari M., (2017). Modeling the Interpretive Structure of Factors affecting the livability of Tehran metropolis, Quarterly Journal of Spatial Planning and Planning, 21(1): 41-57.


3. Alderton A., et al, (2019). What is the Meaning of Urban livability for a City in a low-to-middle-income country?;Globalization and Health,15,No.51,RMIT University.


4. Alderton,A., and et al, (2020). Examining the Relationship Between urban Liveability: A Systematic Review ; Health and Place, Vol 64,July,102365


5. AliAkbari E., Akbari M., (2017). Interpretive-Structural Modeling of the Factors that Affect the Viability of Tehran Metropolis, Quarterly Spatial planning (Modares human science), 21(1): 43-67.


6. Apparicio P., Séguin A. M., Naud D., (2008). The Quality of the Urban Environment Around Public Housing Buildings in Montréal: An objective approach based on GIS and multivariate statistical analysis. Social Indicators Research, 86(3): 355-380.


7. Bandarabad A., (2011). Compilation of the Principles of Spatial Development Model and the shape of a livable Iranian city, PhD thesis under the guidance of Hamid Majedi, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran.


8. Bandarabad A., Ahmadinejad F., (2014).Evaluation of Quality of life Indicators with Emphasis on the Principles of livable city in the 22nd district of Tehran, Journal of Urban Research and Planning,  5(16): 55-74.                                                              


9. Basakha M., Agheli l., Masaeli A., (2010). Ranking the Quality of Life in Iran Provinces, Quarterly   Social Welfare, 37(10): 95-112.


10. Valcárcel-Aguiar, B., Murias, P., & Rodríguez-González, D. (2019). Sustainable Urban liveability:A Practical Proposal Based on a Composite Indicator. Sustainability, 11(1), 86.


11. Clark D., (2009). Urban World, World City, translated by Mehdi Gharkhloo and Forough Khazaeinejad, Select Publishing, Tehran.


12. Clark D., (2009). Urban World, World City,translated by Mehdi Gharkhloo and Forough Khazaeinejad, Select Publishing, Tehran.


13. Esmaeilzadeh H., Salehpour sh., Esmaeilzadeh Y., (2016). Analyzing Development Level of Alborz Province Counties Using Combinatorial Method, MJSP; 20 (3) :1-34.


14. Esmailzadeh, H., Salehpour, S., Esmailzadeh, Y,(2016) Analysis of the level of development of Alborz cities, Quarterly Journal of Spatial Planning and Planning,Vol 20(3), 14-32.


15. Faramarzi M., Jafari M.H., Babaei O., (2018). Investigating the Role of Islamic Political Economy on Urban Biodiversity (Case Study: Zanjan City), Journal of Urban Research and Planning, 9(35): 96-83.


16. Firoozbakht A., Parhizkar , Rabieefar W., (2012). Strategies of Environmental structure City with Approach Urban sustainable development , Human Geography Research, 44(80). 53-76.


17. Garau ch., Pavan V. M., (2018). Evaluating Urban Quality:Indicator and Assessment Tools for Smart Sustainable Cities, Sustaianability,10(3): 575.


18. Guida,Carmen and Gerardo Carpentieri.,(2021). Quality of Life in the Urban Environment and Primary Health Services for the Eldery, Cities,Vol.110,March,103038


19. Heylen K., (2006). Liveability in social housing:three case studies in Flanders, In ENHR Conference 'Housing in an Expanding Europe:Theory,Policy,Implementation and Participation',Date:2006/07/02-2006/07/05, Location: Ljubljana (Slovenia).


20. Khaki GH.,(2014). Research method of dissertation writing, Publisher Baztab , Tehran.


21. Khajeh Shahkoohi, A. R, Najafi, A, Sadraee, S (2014) Investigating the model of spatial-physical development of Bandar-e-Gaz city with emphasis on sustainable urban development, Journal of New Attitudes in Human Geography Winter 2014 - Issue 25.


22. Khorasani, M. A.,(2012),Explaining the viability of villages around the city with a quality of life approach Case study of Varamin city, Supervisor Mohammad Reza Rezvani,University of Tehran.


23. Larice M. Z.(2005). Great neighborhoods: the livability and morphology of high-density neighborhoods in urban north America, PhD thesis in University of California, Berkeley.


24. Leby, J. L., Hashim, A. H.m, (2010). Liveability dimensions and attributes:Their relative importance in the eyes of neighbourhood residents. Journal of construction in developing countries, 15(1): 67-91.


25. Mahmoudi M., Ahmad F., Abbasi B., (2015). Livable streets: The effects of physical problems on the quality and livability of Kuala Lumpur streets.Cities, 43: 104-114.


26. Majedi  , Bandarabad A., (2014). The Study of the Global and Local Principles of the Livable City, Hoviatshahr, 8(17):65-76.


27. Perogordo Madrid, Daniel., (2007). the Silesia Megapolis, European Spatial Plaining.


28. Radcliff B., (2001). Politics, Markets and life satisfaction:the political economy of human happiness, American Political Science Review, 95(4): 939-955.


29. Rafieian M., Moloudi J., Portaheri M., (2011). Assessing the quality of urban environment in new cities Case study: Hashtgerd new city , Spatial Planning, 15(3): 19-37.


30. Sasanpour F., Toulaei S., Jafari Asadabadi H., (2014) . The viability of cities in of sustainable urban development Case Study: Tehran metropolis ,  Quarterly Geoghraphy, 12(42): 71 -98.


31. Sasanpour, F.,Toulaei,S., Jafari Asadabadi, H,(2014),Urban viability in the direction of sustainable urban development of the metropolis of Tehran, Regional Planning Quarterly, No. 18, 71-98.


32. Soleimani M., Toulaei S., Rafieian M., Zanganeh A., Khazaeinejad F., (2016). Urban livability: The concept, principles, Aspects and Parameters, Quarterly Geographical Urban Planning Research,  4(1): 50-27.


33. Susanti R., Soetomo S., Buchori I., Brotosunaryo P. M., (2016). Smart Growth, Smart City and Density: In Search of The Appropriate Indicator for Residential, Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 227(14): 194-201


34. Taleshi M., Darbaneh AheshtehA., Mousavi S. A., (2017). Explaining the Spatial Pattern of Rural Good Governance in Karaj Metropolitan, Quarterly Geographical Urban Planning Research, 5(4): 19-39.


35. Timmer V., Seymoar N.k., (2005). The Livable City. Proceedings of The World Urban Forum 2006, (pp.45-65).Vancouver, Canada: International Centre for Sustainable cities.


36. Valcárcel-Aguiar Beatriz, Pilar Murias and D.R.Gonzalez(2019)” Sustainable Urban Liveability: A Practical Proposal Based on a Composite Indicator” ,Sustainability,11(1):86.


37. Van Kamp I., Leidelmeijer K., Marsman G., De Hollander A.(2003). Urban environmental quality and human well-being: Towards a conceptual framework and demarcation of concepts; a literature study. Landscape and urban planning, 65(1-2): 5-18.


38. Washington State Department of Transportation(WSDOT) (2010),Livable Communities Policy, WSDOT.


39. Wheeler S., (2014). Planning for Sustainability: Creating a livable, balanced and ecological society, translated by Mahmoud Jomehpour and Shokoofeh Ahmadi, Social Sciences Publishing, Tehran.


40. Wheeler, Stefan (2014) Planning for Sustainability:Creating a Liable,Social Sciences Publishing, Tehran.


41. Zeiny S. M., Mojtabazadeh H., (2020). A comparative study of the livability indices of urban areas of Islamshahr, Urban research and planning, 11(43): 165-178.