تبیین مولفه ی ساماندهی جداره های شهری بافت های واجد ارزش شهر شیراز(نمونه مورد مطالعه خیابان حافظ و خیابان علی ابن حمزه)
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهری
علی قهرمان پور
1
(دانشجوی دکتری معماری، گروه معماری، واحد بوشهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بوشهر، ایران)
هادی کشمیری
2
(دانشیار، گروه معماری، دانشکده هنر و معماری، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران)
باقر کریمی
3
(استادیار، گروه معماری، واحد بوشهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بوشهر، ایران)
کلید واژه: ساماندهی جداره های شهری, تامین نظر مخاطب, هویت بخشی, خیابان حافظ و خیابان علی ابن حمزه شیراز,
چکیده مقاله :
یکی از عوامل شکل دهی و هویت بخشی به فرم شهر، جداره های شهری می باشند که در صورت تامین نظرمخاطب، فرد رابطه ی احساسی قوی تری با جداره برقرار کرده و این ارتباط دو سویه بین مخاطب و جداره های شهری موجب افزایش حس رضایت مندی از محیط شهری می گردد. هدف پژوهش حاضر تعیین و تبیین مولفه های ساماندهی جداره های شهری با رویکرد هویت بخشی و تامین نظر مخاطب (جامعه آماری که در حوزه ساخت و ساز ساختمان فعالیت دارند) با استفاده از نظر متخصصین حوزه ی معماری و شهرسازی می باشد. دلیل انتخاب جامعه آماری، تاثیر قابل توجه در تصمیم گیری های نهایی جهت ساخت جداره های شهر شیراز می باشد. بدین منظور نگارندگان پژوهش به دلیل تمایز عوامل موجود در ساماندهی جداره های خیابان حافظ و خیابان علی ابن حمزه شیراز، چهار بعد (زیبای شناختی- هویت مکان- اقتصادی- زیست محیطی) را مورد پرسش و بررسی قرار دادند. روش تحقیق در این پژوهش کیفی است جمع آوری اطلاعات به صورت کتابخانه ای و میدانی انجام شده است. روش میدانی جهت جمع آوری اطلاعات پرسشنامه پیشنهاد شده و به منظور تدوین پرسشنامه با درنظر گرفتن چهار بعد مذکور و استفاد از طیف لیکرت پنج گزینه ای سوالات مطرح و در اختیار متخصصین معماری و شهرسازی قرار داده شد تا متخصصین با در نظر گرفتن مولفه های موثر بر جداره های خیابان حافظ و خیابان علی ابن حمزه شیراز به آن پاسخ دادند. نتایج حاصل با استفاده از تکنیک دلفی جهت تبیین نظرات متخصصین و آزمون دبلیوی کندال جهت مشخص نمودن میزان همبستگی نظرات افراد بهره گرفته شد. نتایج پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که مؤلفه های: سطوح پر و سطوح خالی- تناسب و هماهنگی نماهای کنار هم با یکدیگر- ریتم- نظم- تزئینات- یکپارچگی- بام و تراس سبز- مصالح بومی- نوع مصالح بکار رفته در نما از لحاظ اقتصادی از نظر متخصصین معماری و شهرسازی بیشترین اثر را در تامین نظر مخاطب و هویت بخشی در راستای ساماندهی جداره های خیابان حافظ و خیابان علی ابن حمزه شیراز داشته اند.
One of the factors shaping and identifying the city form are urban walls, which if the audience's opinion is provided, the person will establish a stronger emotional relationship with the wall, and this two-way relationship between the audience and urban walls will increase the sense of satisfaction of the environment. The purpose of this study is to determine and explain the components of organizing urban walls with an identification approach and provide the audience (statistical community working in the field of building construction) using the opinion of experts in the field of architecture and urban planning. The reason for choosing the statistical community is the significant impact on the final decisions to build the walls of Shiraz. For this purpose, the authors of the study questioned four dimensions (aesthetic-place identity-economic-environmental) due to the difference between the factors in organizing the walls of Hafez Street and Ali Ibn Hamzeh Street in Shiraz. The research method in this research is qualitative. Data collection method has been of field studies and library method. The field method was proposed to collect the information of the questionnaire and in order to compile the questionnaire considering the above four dimensions and using the five-choice Likert scale, the questions were asked and provided to the architecture and urban planning experts so that the experts will respond considering the effective components on the walls of Hafez Street and Ali Ibn Hamzeh Street in Shiraz. The results were utilized using the Delphi technique to explain the opinions of experts and the Kendall W test to determine the degree of correlation between the opinions of individuals. The results show that the components: full and empty surfaces - fit and coordination of views with each other - rhythm - order - decorations - integrity - roof and green terrace - native materials - the type of materials used in the facade economically have had the highest impact in providing contact’s thoughts and appointing identity in order to organize the walls of Hafez Street and Ali Ibn Hamzeh Street in Shiraz.
Extended Abstract
Introduction
The uncontrolled growth of cities and unprofessional treatment of urban views has caused the decline of the identity of urban spaces. One of the factors in shaping and identifying the form of the city are urban walls. And this two-way communication between the audience and the urban walls increases the sense of satisfaction with the urban environment. On the other hand, people who work in the field of construction should pay special attention because of their views in terms of aesthetics and its relationship with economic efficiency. The northern entrance of Shiraz city used to be Hafez street as the entrance route from Isfahan to Shiraz city, but now the entrance of the city takes place from another street. At present, due to the location of key elements in it, many people travel to it at different hours of the day and night, and part of it has become a sidewalk. Also, in the detailed plan of Shiraz, it has been introduced as the center of mysticism tourism. The walls in Hafez Street and Ali Ibn Hamzeh Street in Shiraz are such that each of them exhibits its wall separately, so these streets need to organize the wall at the edge of the street. The purpose of this study is to determine and explain the components of organizing urban walls with an identification approach and provide the opinion of the audience (people active in the field of building construction) using the opinion of experts in the field of architecture and urban planning.
Methodology
In order to satisfy the audience and examine the identification components of urban walls, the explanation of the components of organizing urban walls in two independent groups of academic experts and construction experts (audience) has been explained. In the present article, only the explanation of the components of academic specialists has been discussed. In general, the reason for choosing the statistical community is the significant impact on the final decisions to build the walls of Shiraz. For this purpose, the authors of the research questioned four dimensions (cognitive aesthetics-place identity-economic-environmental) due to the difference between the factors in organizing the walls of Hafez Street and Ali Ibn Hamzeh Street in Shiraz. The amount of distributable statistical population in Delphi is set at at least about 30; In order to increase the reliability and accuracy of the results, 32 questionnaires have been considered. Non-probabilistic sampling, purposeful sampling: Selection and hand-picking is done from the group of interest (specialists in the field of architecture and urban planning). The method of data collection is both library and field. In the library method, books, articles from Persian and English sources, dissertations, specialized publications have been studied, and in the field method, wall photography and information collection through questionnaires (Likert five-choice spectrum) have been used. The five-choice spectrum allows us to obtain more accurate answers than the three-choice spectrum. Also, the advantage of using the Delphi method is that expert and knowledgeable people are involved in it and it is possible to do it in several stages, and finally the components that are very important are obtained after several stages of monitoring.
Results and discussion
In the present study, four aesthetic dimensions - place identity - economic and environmental resulting from the Delphi technique were extracted from the following components: full and empty surfaces - fit and coordination of views with each other - rhythm and harmony - order and coordination - decorations - Integrity - Green roof and terrace - Indigenous materials - The type of materials used in the facade are economical. The output components of the Delphi technique show that according to the opinions of experts in the field of architecture and urban planning, the mentioned components have the greatest effect in providing the audience with regard to organizing urban walls to organize the walls of Hafez Street and Ali Ibn Hamzeh Street. The above-mentioned issues should be considered in the design-construction and organization of the walls of the mentioned streets in order to witness the opinion of the audience (people active in the field of construction) and the citizens of Shiraz and to identify that street.
Conclusion
After reviewing the theoretical foundations of the research and examining the existing issues related to organizing the walls of Hafez Street and Ali Ibn Hamzeh Street and determining the necessity of the present research so that the above streets in terms of location, tourism, and the presence of historically valuable elements in them Also, adjacent to historical and cultural places, the need to organize the walls of the two streets is raised. The present study, using architecture and urban planning experts, with information about the tastes of the audience and the goals of people involved in the field of construction, suggests components that cover their opinions. Therefore, architectural and urban planning experts in the form of Questionnaire and answered the questions using Delphi technique. The results of the present study are extracted in terms of science and principles related to urban wall organization, and on the other hand, urban planning and architecture experts due to knowledge of theoretical foundations and communication with people in the field of construction and considering the benefits. They, as well as considering the urban environment and citizens, have answered the questionnaires, and the resulting output after a few steps shows its high validity and importance. It is suggested that architects and urban planners pay more attention to the selected components in organizing and designing the urban wall of Hafez Street and Ali Ibn Hamzeh Street, because the introduced components are the factors that have the maximum impact on identifying and providing the audience in urban walls. Play. Increased interaction of people with urban space indicates the success of that space, which is followed by behaviors such as more people moving, more time spent, increasing property prices in the area, increasing the turnover of commercial uses, the liveliness of the street and More use occurs in the last hours of the day, cultural and artistic events such as street theater and .... It should be noted that the selected components include the following: full and empty surfaces - fit and coordination of views with each other - rhythm and harmony - order and harmony - decorations - integration - green roof and terrace - native materials - type of materials used Gone on the facade economically.
References
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