حکمرانی شهری و مدیریت ترافیک و آلودگی هوای شهری: چالش¬ها و بایسته¬ها (مطالعه داده¬بنیاد طرح ترافیک و آلودگی هوای تهران )
وحید مزیدی
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کلید واژه: حکمرانی شهری, مناسبات متعارض رانتی, سهمیه¬بندی¬های نامتقارن, نادیدگی اصل پیاده¬روی.,
چکیده مقاله :
این پژوهش با هدف بررسی نقش حکمرانی شهری در بروز مناسبات نامتقارن در بین ذینفعان طرح ترافیک و آلودگی هوا در شهر تهران انجام شده است. روش تحقیق، کیفی و جامعه مورد مطالعه، متخصصان حوزه حکمرانی شهری بودند. روش نمونه‌گیری به صورت «هدفمند و نظری» بود. ابزار گردآوری دادهها نیز مصاحبه عمیق فردی بود و با 16 نفر از متخصصان مصاحبه به عمل آمد. دادهها در قالب استراتژی دادهبنیاد کدگذاری و تحلیل شدند. پدیده محوری در حکمرانی شهری و طرح ترافیک و آلودگی هوا، «مناسبات رانتی متعارض» است. شرایط علی حاکم بر این پدیده، موجودیت نامقتدر در اجرا، سهمیهبندیهای نامتقارن، ادراک، فهم ناهمگن/واپسگرایانه از مسئله و نارسایی ادراکی/دانشی هستند. بسترها «افقهای سازمانی ناهمگرا، عدم تقارن بین بافت زمانی و مقتضیات برنامه، ناساختیابی هویت حکمرانی و برنامهزدگی فنسالارانه» هستند که شرایط را برای رشد پدیده محوری فراهم میسازند. شرایط مداخلهگر، «ضعف مکملهای قانونی جایگزین، الگوی شعاعی شهر و تغییر کاربری و مناسبات شهری» هستند که با اتخاذ راهبردهای همچون «کنشهای فراقانونی و ایدئولوژیک، سهمیهبندیهای جبرانساز و بیتفاوتی و تفکر انتظاری»، منجر به ظهور پیامدهای همچون «شبمردگی و جداسازی سکونت/کار، نادیدگی اصل پیادهروی و انطباقناپذیری نهادی/بافتاری» شدهاند. نتایج نشان میدهد که حکمرانی شهری با بهادادن به قدرت سازمانی ذینفعان، منجر به استعمار ذینفعان غیرسازمانی شده است و در عوض ذینفعان غیرسازمانی نبز با اتخاذ سیاستهای از جمله بیتفاوتی، تماشاگری و دورزدن قوائد، طرد و کنارگذاری سعی دارند با این مسئله روبرو بشوند.
چکیده انگلیسی :
This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the role of urban governance in the emergence of asymmetric relationships among the beneficiaries of the traffic and air pollution plan in Tehran. The research method was qualitative and the studied population were specialists in the field of urban governance. The sampling method was "purposive and theoretical". The data collection tool was an in-depth individual interview and 16 experts were interviewed. The data were coded and analyzed in the form of database strategy. The central phenomenon in urban governance and traffic and air pollution planning is "conflicting rent relations". Causal conditions governing this phenomenon are the powerless entity in implementation, asymmetric quotas, perception, heterogeneous/regressive understanding of the problem and perceptual/cognitive insufficiency. The platforms are "heterogeneous organizational horizons, asymmetry between the time context and the requirements of the program, misidentification of governance identity and technocratic planning" which provide the conditions for the growth of the central phenomenon. The intervening conditions are "the weakness of alternative legal supplements, the radial pattern of the city and the change of use and urban relations" which by adopting strategies such as "extra-legal and ideological actions, compensatory quotas and indifference and Expectant thinking" have led to the emergence of consequences such as "dead night and separation of residence/work, ignoring the principle of walking and institutional/structural incompatibility". The results show that urban governance by valuing the organizational power of the beneficiaries has led to the colonization of the non- organizational beneficiaries, and instead, the non-organizational beneficiaries of Nabz are trying to reject and set aside by adopting policies such as indifference, spectatorship and evasion of the rules. Face this problem.
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