اثربخشی ترکیب مواجهه درمانی گروهی و آموزش مهارت‌های مقابله با استرس بر میزان اضطراب اجتماعی دانشجویان
محورهای موضوعی : تربیتی
صادق سلاجقه
1
(کارشناس ارشد روان‌شناسی دانشگاه سیستان)
نورمحمد بخشانی
2
(عضو هیأت علمی دانشگاه علوم‌پزشکی زاهدان)
کلید واژه: اضطراب اجتماعی, آموزش مهارت‌های مقابله با استرس, مواجهه درمانی گروهی,
چکیده مقاله :
این پژوهش با هدف ارزیابی اثربخشی ترکیب مواجهه درمانی گروهی و آموزش مهارت‌های مقابله با استرس بر میزان اضطراب اجتماعی دانشجویان صورت گرفت. روش پژوهش، آزمایشی از نوع نیمه‌تجربی (دو گروهی با پیش‌آزمون و پس‌آزمون) بود و جامعه آماری همۀ دانشجویان مشغول به تحصیل در سال 1391ـ1390 در دانشگاه پیام‌نور واحد رابر بودند. از میان دانشجویان داوطلب، تعداد 60 نفر با اجرای پرسشنامه هراس اجتماعی (کانور،2000) و انجام مصاحبه بالینی ساختاریافته برای اضطراب اجتماعی براساس ملاک‌های تشخیصی راهنمای آماری تشخیصی اختلالات روانی (ویرایش چهارم) انتخاب شدند. سپس، تعداد 20 نفر از آنان به‌صورت تصادفی در دو گروه (آزمایش و گواه) قرار گرفتند. گروه آزمایش در ده جلسه 2ساعته مواجهه درمانی گروهی همراه با آموزش مهارت مقابله با استرس شرکت کردند، ولی گروه کنترل هیچ مداخله‌ای را دریافت نکردند. در پایان پس‌آزمون اجرا شد، و پس از دو ماه پیگیری انجام گرفت. داده‌ها با روش آماری تحلیل کواریانس مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. یافته‌ها تفاوت معناداری را در نمره‌‌های اضطراب اجتماعی دو گروه نشان داد (0001/0P≤) و میانگین نمرات اضطراب اجتماعی گروه کنترل در مراحل پس‌آزمون و پیگیری بالاتر بود. نتایج این پژوهش بر اثربخشی درمان‌های ترکیبی به شیوه گروهی (مواجهه درمانی و کنترل استرس) در درمان اختلال اضطراب اجتماعی تأکید می‌کند.
The aim of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of combined group exposure therapy and coping with stress skills training on social anxiety rate of university students. The research was quasi -experimental comprising of two groups with pre–test and post-test. The statistical population included all university students in the academic year of 2011-2012 in Payamnoor University Branch of Rabor. From among voluntary students, 60 students were selected with administration of Social Phobia Questionnaire (Cannor, 2000) and structured clinical interview for social anxiety, based on diagnostic criteria of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th edn). Then, 20 students were randomly assigned to two groups (experimental and control groups). The experimental group participated in ten, 2-hours sessions of group exposure therapy accompanied with coping with stress skills training however, the control group received no intervention. At the end of intervention, the social phobia questionnaire was administered as post-test and two months later as the follow up, The results of analysis of covariance revealed a significant deference in social phobia scores of both groups (P≤0.0001) and mean scores of social phobia was higher in control group than in the intervention group both at the post test and follow up stages. The results of this research emphasize on the effectiveness of combined group treatments (exposure therapy and control of stress) on the treatment of social anxiety disorder.
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