شناسایی و اعتباربخشی مؤلفه‌های برنامه درسی حل مسئله به‌منظور آموزش دانشجویان پرستاری
محورهای موضوعی : پژوهش در برنامه ریزی درسی
آزیتا دلفان آذری
1
,
مجید علی عسکری
2
,
کامیان خزایی کوهپر
3
,
جواد سلیمانپور
4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری برنامه‌ریزی درسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم تحقیقات تهران، تهران، ایران.
2 - دانشیار گروه برنامه ریزی درسی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران
3 - استادیار، گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد چالوس، چالوس، ایران.
4 - استادیار، گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تنکابن، تنکابن، ایران.
کلید واژه: برنامه درسی حل مسئله, مؤلفه, آموزش پرستاری,
چکیده مقاله :
پژوهش حاضر با هدف شناسایی و اعتباربخشی مؤلفه‌های برنامه درسی حل مسئله به‌منظور آموزش دانشجویان پرستاری انجام پذیرفت. روش پژوهش، ترکیبی بوده (کیفی از نوع اکتشافی و کمی از نوع پیمایشی) بدین‌صورت که ابتدا از طریق فیش‌برداری متون و مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختاریافته با 12 نفر (6 متخصص برنامه درسی و 6 مدرس پرستاری) که به روش هدفمند ملاک محور نمونه‌گیری شده بودند مؤلفه‌های برنامه درسی شناسایی و سپس از طریق توزیع پرسشنامه بین 40 نفر (20 متخصص برنامه درسی که به‌صورت هدفمند ملاک محور انتخاب شده بودند و 20 مدرس پرستاری که مورد سرشماری قرار گرفتند) مورد اعتباربخشی قرار گرفت. لازم به ذکر است که روایی پرسشنامه از طریق سنجش خبرگان (که سبب حذف 22 مؤلفه از 77 مؤلفه شد) و پایایی آن از طریق ضریب آلفای کرونباخ (بیش از 92/.) مشخص شد. به‌منظور تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها نیز از آمار توصیفی (جداول، نمودار و ...) و آمار استنباطی (خی دو) استفاده شد. در پایان یافته‌های پژوهش نشان داد که بیش از 85 درصد متخصصان برنامه درسی و مدرسان پرستاری، 55 مؤلفه باقی‌مانده از 77 مؤلفه مربوط به اهداف، محتوا، روش‌های یاددهی-یادگیری و ارزشیابی در الگوی مذکور را تأیید نموده‌اند؛ بنابراین الگوی تهیه شده می‌تواند در پرورش مهارت‌های حل مسئله دانشجویان نقش بسزایی داشته باشد.
The present study was conducted with the aim of designing and validating the components of problem solving curriculum for nursing students in Iran. The present study is a mixed method research (qualitative and quantitative) that its qualitative section was Identification of problem solving curriculum components and this section was conducted through taking notes of texts and semi-structured interview with 12 people (6 curriculum specialists and 6 nursing instructors) who were sampled in a targeted way. Its quantitative section was used to validate the curriculum and it was surveyed by distributing questionnaires between 40 people (20 curriculum specialists who have been chosen purposefully and 20 nursing instructors who were counted). It should be noted that the validity of the questionnaire was determined through experts’ assessment (which eliminated 22 components from 77 components) and its reliability was determined through the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (more than 92%). Descriptive statistics (tables, charts, etc.) and inferential statistics (Chi-square) were used to analyze the data. In the end, the findings of the research indicated that more than 85% of curriculum specialists and nursing instructors have approved 55 remaining components of 77 components related to goals, content, teaching and learning methods, and evaluation in the model. Therefore, the model can play a great role in developing students’ problem-solving skills.
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