تحلیل محتوای برنامه درسی درس علوم تجربی دوره ابتدایی از منظر توجه به مولفه های محیط زیست
محورهای موضوعی : پژوهش در برنامه ریزی درسیزهرا ماشاءاللهی نژاد 1 , حسین جعفری ثانی 2 , بهروز مهرام 3 , محمود سعیدی رضوانی 4 , شیوا جلایری لایین 5
1 - کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، ایران.
2 - دانشیار دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.
3 - دانشیار دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.
4 - دانشیار دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.
5 - دانشجوی دکترای برنامه درسی دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند. ایران.
کلید واژه: آموزش محیط زیست, برنامه درسی علوم تجربی, دوره ابتدایی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی تحلیل محتوای کتاب‌های درسی علوم تجربی دورة ابتدایی از منظر توجه به مقوله‌های محیط‌زیست است. برای اجرای این پژوهش با توجه به ماهیت موضوع و هدف‌های آن، از روش تحلیل محتوا استفاده شد. در این راستا، محتوای کتاب‌های درسی علوم تجربی دورة ابتدایی بر اساس مؤلفه‌های آموزش محیط‌زیست و بر مبنای مدل ویسکانسین کدگذاری شد. واحد ثبت، جمله و تصویر بود. در فرایند کدگذاری، مؤلفه‌های مرتبط با استانداردهای آموزش محیط‌زیست مشتمل بر: 1. مهارت‌های پرسش و تحلیل، 2. دانش فرایندها و سیستم‌های طبیعی، 3. بررسی موضوعات زیست‌محیطی، 4. مهارت‌های عمل و تصمیم‌گیری و 5. مسؤولیت شهروندی و مدنی، مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. قلمرو این پژوهش شامل تمام محتوای کتاب‌های علوم تجربی دورة ابتدایی، مصوب وزارت آموزش‌وپرورش بود در سال تحصیلی 90- 1389 بود. یافته‌ها نشان داد که بیشترین میزان توجه کتاب‌های درسی علوم تجربی دورة ابتدایی به آموزش‌های محیط‌زیست، به ترتیب مربوط به پایة پنجم، چهارم، سوم، اول و دوم بوده است. به‌علاوه بیشترین توجه کتاب‌ها به آموزش‌های محیط‌زیست برحسب پنج استاندارد آموزش محیط‌زیست، به ترتیب مربوط به پرسش و تحلیل و پس‌ازآن به دانش فرایندها و سیستم‌های طبیعی، مهارت‌های بررسی موضوعات زیست‌محیطی و مسؤولیت شخصی و مدنی بوده و به آموزش مهارت‌های عمل و تصمیم‌گیری توجه نشده است.
This study aimed to investigate the position of environmental education in elementary school science curriculum. To implement this research and with regard to the nature of topic and its objectives was used content analysis method. In this regard was coded the content of elementary school science textbooks with inductive method and based components of environmental education on the based Wisconsin model. The units record, were sentence, and image. In the coding process components of environmental education standards were based including: 1)questioning and analysis, 2)knowledge of environmental processes and systems, 3)environmental issue investigation skills, 4)decision and action skills and 5) personal and civic responsibility. Territory this study was all content elementary school science textbooks that was approved ministry of education and by office of planning and writing textbooks published and in the academic year 1389-1390 has been validated. To ensure of coding validity was used of the second assessor that was observed credit amount equal to 0/95. Findings showed that attention to environmental education, most has been focused on questioning and analysis and then respectively relevant to knowledge of environmental processes and systems, environmental issue investigation skills and personal and civic responsibility. This while that in studied textbooks has not been attention to education of decision and action skills. Also attention amount of textbooks to standards education respectively has been in science textbooks of fifth, fourth, third, first and second grade. Failure to use appropriate of sentences and images in proportion whit children grade that through comparing available situation of record units with professional priorities obtained is other findings this study.
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