ارائة چارچوب پیشنهادی برای برنامه درسی کار و فناوری مقطع متوسطه اول با تأکید بر الگوی کلاس معکوس
محورهای موضوعی : پژوهش در برنامه ریزی درسیزهرا ابوالحسنی 1 , سعید صفایی موحد 2
1 - دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی برنامه‌ریزی درسی، دانشکده روان‌شناسی علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.
2 - استادیار دانشکده روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.
کلید واژه: کلاس‌معکوس, الگوی آموزشی, برنامه درسی کار و فناوری,
چکیده مقاله :
پژوهش حاضر با هدف ارائه و تبیین چارچوب پیشنهادی برنامه درسی کار و فناوری مقطع متوسطة اول بر اساس الگوی کلاس‌معکوس صورت گرفت. روش پژوهش، کیفی از نوع دلالت‌پژوهی است؛ زیرا دلالت‌هایی از نظریة کلاس‌معکوس برای ارائة چارچوب برنامه درسی کار و فناوری استفاده شده است و از نظر هدف کاربردی است. حوزة پژوهش تمامی متون علمی مربوط به الگوی یادگیری معکوس است و از روش نمونه‌گیری ملاک‌محور بهره برده شد. ملاک‌های مورد نظر برای انتخاب نمونه عبارت‌اند از: متون الگوی یادگیری معکوس، مقالات منتشر شده از سایت‌های معتبر که همچنین در 5 سال اخیر به انتشار رسیده باشند. روایی این پژوهش توسط استادان علوم تربیتی دانشکده روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی دانشگاه تهران بررسی و مورد تأیید قرار گرفت. پژوهش حاضر به مطالعة مبانی نظری الگوی کلاس‌معکوس پرداخته و دلالت‌های آن را در چهار حوزة اهداف که عبارت‌اند از (تقویت شناخت سبک یادگیری، مهارت حل مسئله، خلق عادات ذهنی نظیر کنجکاوی و ایجاد توانایی بهره‌گیری از مهارت‌های ارتباطی)، محتوا (بر اساس ملاک‌هایی مانند سبک یادگیری متفاوت دانش‌آموزان، دانش‌آموزمحوری، مسئله‌محوری، خودآموز بودن و قابلیت چندرسانه‌ای انتخاب شود)، برای راهبردهای تدریس از روش‌هایی با عنوان (روش تدریس حل مسئله، تفکر خلاق، کار گروهی، بحث گروهی، آموزش انفرادی و آموزش برنامه‌ای و روش تدریس نمایشی را می‌توان استفاده کرد) و در ارزشیابی برنامه درسی کار و فناوری (از ارزشیابی اصیل استفاده شود که اجازة خودسنجی به دانش‌آموز دهد) ارائه شد.
The purpose of this study was to present and explain the proposed framework of work and technology curriculum of the first high school based on the flipped classroom pattern. Qualitative research method is of the type of implication research because it uses implications of flipped classroom theory for the presentation of the Kar & Fanavari curriculum framework and it is in terms of applied purpose. The research population is all scientific literature related to the flipped classroom pattern and the criterion-based sampling method was used. The criteria for sample selection are: flipped classroom Patterns texts, published articles from reputable sites and also published in the last 5 years. The validity of this study was evaluated and confirmed by the faculty members of the Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences of the University of Tehran. The present study aims at studying the theoretical foundations of the flipped classroom pattern and its arguments in four areas of purpose (enhancement of learning style, problem solving skills, creation of mental habits such as curiosity and the ability to utilize communication skills), Content (based on criteria such as different student learning styles, Student-centered, problem-oriented, self-learning and multi-media capability selected), For teaching strategies, one can use methods called problem solving teaching, creative thinking, teamwork, group discussion, individual training, and program teaching and demonstrative teaching methods and in assessing the work and technology curriculum was presented (using genuine evaluation to allow student self-assessment).
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