بررسی عوامل داخلی و خارجی مؤثر بر باز زنده¬سازی و بهسازی بافت فرسوده مرکزی شهرها (مطالعه موردی: شهر گرگان)
محورهای موضوعی : جامعه شناسی سیاسی
دکتر آزیتا رجبی
1
*
,
عباس آقایی آزاد
2
,
هانیه یازرلو
3
1 - گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد تهران مرکزی، تهران، ایران
2 - استادیار گروه جغرافیا، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران ، ایران
3 - دکترا، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، واحد زاهدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، زاهدان، ایران
کلید واژه: بهسازی, باز زنده¬سازی, بافت فرسوده مرکزی شهرها, گرگان,
چکیده مقاله :
بافت‌ها و فضاهای فرسوده یکی از مهم‌ترین مسائل شهرهای امروزی هستند که فاقد کارایی مطلوب و مناسب بوده و به‌صورت بالقوه و با طراحی متناسب می‌توانند نقش مهمی بر تجدید ساختار و ارتفاع کیفیت فضاهای عمومی شهر ایفا کنند. یکی از پرچالشترین مباحث مطرح در چند دهه اخیر، موضوع بازآفرینی شهری و حل چالش بافت‌های نابسامان و نیز ارتقاء کیفیت زندگی شهروندان این مناطق است. امروزه به دلیل هزینه‌های بالای ساخت‌وساز و عدم توان اقتصادی مالکین بافت‌های فرسوده یکی از روش‌های بهسازی و بازسازی این بافت‌ها، مشارکت بخش‌های عمومی و خصوصی می‌باشد. لذا، هدف پژوهش حاضر واکایی عوامل داخلی و خارجی مؤثر بر باز زنده¬سازی و بهسازی بافت فرسوده مرکزی شهر گرگان می‌باشد. روش تحقیق توصیفی-تحلیلی و نوع آن کاربردی می‌باشد. نحوه جمع‌آوری اطلاعات به‌صورت کتابخانه¬ای و میدانی است. جامعه آماري پژوهش شامل كليه خبرگان و کارشناسان، مدیران و اساتید دانشگاه رشته جغرافیا و شهرسازی که از میان آنها 30 نفر به صورت هدفمند به عنوان نمونه جهت توزيع پرسشنامه دلفي انتخاب شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها و اطلاعات کمی با استفاده از نرم افزار (ARC GIS) و تکنیک SWOT انجام شده است. بر اساس نتایج مصاحبه و استخراج اطلاعات پرسشنامه، نمره به دست آمده از ماتریس ارزیابی عوامل داخلی برابر 87/1 است؛ این عدد بیانگر آن است که ضعف‌های پیش روی منطقه می‌تواند بر نقاط قوت آن غلبه کند (5/2>1.87). همچنین با بررسی ماتریس ارزیابی عوامل خارجی و نمره به دست آمده (04/3)، نتیجه گرفته می‌شود که فرصت‌های پیش رو بر تهدیدهای منطقه غلبه خواهد کرد (5/2>2.58). بنابراین طبق اصول مدیریت استراتژیک، موقعیت استراتژیک منطقه مورد مطالعه، استراتژی‌های محافظه کارانه (WO)، می¬باشد.
Deteriorated fabrics and spaces are one of the most important issues in today's cities, which lack efficiency and suitability, and with appropriate design, they can potentially play an important role in restructuring and improving the quality of urban public spaces. One of the most challenging issues raised in the last few decades is the issue of urban regeneration and solving the challenge of disordered structures as well as improving the quality of life of the citizens of these areas. Today, due to high construction costs and the lack of economic capacity of owners of deteriorated fabrics, one of the methods of renovating and reconstructing these fabrics is the participation of public and private sectors. Therefore, the aim of this research is to identify the internal and external factors affecting the revitalization and renovation of the deteriorated fabric in the central area of Gorgan city. The research method is descriptive-analytical and its type is applied. Data collection is done through library and field studies. The statistical population of the research includes all experts, specialists, managers, and professors in the field of geography and urban planning, among whom 30 people were purposefully selected as samples for distributing the Delphi questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using quantitative data and information with the help of (ARC GIS) software and SWOT technique. Based on the results of interviews and questionnaire data extraction, the score obtained from the evaluation matrix of internal factors is 1.87; this number indicates that weaknesses in the region can overcome its strengths (1.87 < 2.5). Also, by examining the evaluation matrix of external factors and the score obtained (3.04), it is concluded that opportunities will dominate the region's threats (2.58 < 2.5). Therefore, according to the principles of strategic management, the strategic position of the studied region is conservative strategies (WO).
1. Abouzari, P, Ziyari, Y, (2019), Explaining the effects of policies for the Improvement and Renovation of worn-out urban structures (Case study: District 12 of Tehran Municipality), Journal of New Attitudes in Human Geography, 11 (4), 491-510. [In Persian] https://civilica.com/doc/1165231/
2. Chao, J. C., & Hsu, K. W. (2018). The Impact of Taiwan’s Urban-renewal Policies, Laws and Decrees on Urban Redevelopment and Urban Disaster Prevention. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 164, No. 1, p. 012034). IOP Publishing http://ir.lib.cyut.edu.tw:8080/bitstream/310901800/33935/2 .
3. Cole, I, Etherington, D, (2005). Neighbourhood Renewal Policy and Spatial Differentiation in Housing Markets: Recent Trends in England and Denmark, European Journal of Housing Policy, 5 (1), 77-85. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14616710500055703
4. Geuzey, O, (2009). Urban regeneration and increased competitive power: Ankara in an era of globalization. Data set: Elsevier, (26), 27-37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2008.11.006
5. Habibi, K., Poorahmad, A., Meshkini, A, (2007). Improvement and renovation of ancient urban textures, first edition, Kurdistan University Press. [In Persian] https://www.gisoom.com/book/1686843/
6. Hanachi, P, Khademzadeh, M.H, Shayan, H.R, Kamelnia, H, Mahdavinejad. J, (2007), a Comparative Study of Urban Restoration Experiences in Iran and the World (with a Special Look at the Historical Context of Yazd), Tehran, Sobhan Noor Press. [In Persian] https://civilica.com/p/178441/
7. Hanachi, S., (1999), the need to revitalize the Ancient textures of Iranian cities, a collection of articles on the improvement and renovation of worn and dysfunctional tissues in Tehran. [In Persian] https://civilica.com/p/178441/
8. Jahanshahi, MH, (2003), Problematic and worn-out urban textures, Shahran Press, Tehran Engineering Technical Organization. [In Persian]
9. Kearns, A. (2004). Social Capital, Regeneration and Urban Policy, Centre for Neighbourhood Research Paper 25. https://doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781861343802.003.0002
10. La Rosa, D., Privitera, R., Barbarossa, L., & La Greca, P. (2017). Assessing spatial benefits of urban regeneration programs in a highly vulnerable urban context: A case study in Catania, Italy. Landscape and Urban Planning, 157, 180-192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2016.05.031
11. Meteorological Organization of Iran, (2019).
12. Moridsadat, P, Mohammadian, S, (2018), Causes of Participation in Improvement and renewal of Urban Worn Texture (Case Study: Kheirabad Neighborhood in Birjand City), Journal of Environmental Based territorial planning, 11 (42), 139-164. [In Persian] https://civilica.com/search/paper/n
13. Mousavi, S.H, Bakhshandeh Nosrat, A, Eliaszadeh, S.N, (2018), A collaborative approach analysis in organizing the worn out texture of the 12th district of Tehran, 17 (51), 297-308. [In Persian]
14. Nowruzi, M, (2008). Municipalities Monthly, No. 91, Municipalities Organization of the country. [In Persian]
15. Ohmer, M, (2007). Citizen participation in contrasting neighborhoods in poor communities and relationship to neighborhood and organizational collective efficacy, journal of sociology and social welfare, 33 (1), PP 179. https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/jssw/vol33/iss1/10/
16. Population and Housing Statistics Organization, (2016), Census Results 2016.
17. Sahandi, A, Shams, M, Soleimani, A, (2020). An Analysis of the Role of Urban Regeneration in Sustainable Urban Development (Sample Study of Khorram Dareh City), Journal of New Attitudes in Human Geography, 12 (4), 763-773. [In Persian]
18. Salimi Yekta, P, Daryabari, S.J, Seyed Alipour, S.Kh, (2019), Study of improvement and renovation of worn-out tissues in District 12 of Tehran with emphasis on regeneration approach, Journal of New Attitudes in Human Geography, 11 (2), 150-161. [In Persian] https://elmnet.ir/doc/2632412-22441
19. Shabestar, M, Fallah Heydari, F, Moradi, Z, (2018), Participatory and Participatory Requirements in the Process of Organizing Urban old texture in the Local Community. Case Study: Qom City, Geographical Journal of territory (Sarzamin), 15 (59), 115-136. [In Persian] https://www.noormags.ir/view/fa/articlepage/1485955/
20. Statistical Yearbook of Golestan Governorate, (2019). Golestan Governorate.
21. Steinberg, F, (2012). Revitalization of historic inner-city areas in Asia: The Potential for Urban Renewal in Ha Noi, Jakarta, and Manila. Asian Development Bank, pp 208-220. https://openarchive.icomos.org/id/eprint/1297/1/
22. Tahani A, Dahmardeh Pahlavan M, Rezai Rahimi M, Tahani, H. (2019), Strategic urban development planning with emphasis on popular participation (Case study: Shahrreza worn texture), 2 (17), 53-62. [In Persian] https://www.noormags.ir/view/fa/articlepage/1485955/
23. Tehran City Renovation Organization (2005), Tehran Municipality. [In Persian]
24. Yousefzadeh, Z, Nouri Kermani, A, Hatami Nejad, H, Hosseinzadeh, M, (2020), Assessing the Relationship and Impact of Sustainable re-creation Dimensions on Citizens' Quality of Life Approach (Case Study: Tehran, District 15), Journal of New Attitudes in Human Geography, 12 (3), 299-316. [In Persian] https://www.jgeoqeshm.ir/article_133982.html