بررسی عوامل کلیدی موثر بر توسعه چشم‌انداز مستقل جوامع روستایی (مطالعه موردی: بخش مرکزی شهرستان زنجان)
محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات برنامه ریزی روستایی و عشایریلیلا حسنلو 1 , حمید جلالیان 2 , جلال خمری 3
1 - دانشجوی دکترا جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی ، دانشگاه خوارزمی ، ایران ، تهران
2 - دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، ایران ، تهران
3 - دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران
کلید واژه: توسعه پایدار, شهرستان زنجان, تحلیل شبکه فازی, توسعه چشم‌انداز, چشم‌انداز روستایی,
چکیده مقاله :
فقدان برنامه جامع منجر به ایجاد اختلال در توسعه روستایی و ساخت و ساز و ترکیب ساختمان‌های جدید و قدیمی در جوامع روستایی شده است. فضاهای آشفته و بهم‌ریخته روستایی و تخریب محیط زیست به موانع چشم‌انداز روستایی تبدیل شده‌اند. لذا هدف این مطالعه بررسی عوامل کلیدی موثر بر توسعه چشم‌انداز مستقل جوامع روستایی است. تحقیق حاضر از نظر هدف، کاربردی و روش انجام آن، توصیفی- تحلیلی است. ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها و اطلاعات پرسش‌نامه خبرگان بوده است. جامعة آماری تحقیق شامل کارشناسان و اساتید امور روستایی شهرستان زنجان بوده، که با روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند 35 کارشناس برای انجام مقایسات زوجی انتخاب شد. از طریق بررسی ادبیات تحقیق و نظر کارشناسان شامل 8 معیار و 30 زیرمعیار برای این منظور تعیین گردید. برای بررسی و شناسایی این عوامل و تعیین کمیت و اهمیت وزن آنها از فرآیند تحلیل شبکه‌ای فازی(FANP) استفاده شد. نتایج به دست آمده از مدل ارائه شده نشان می‌دهد که ورودی نیروی انسانی (322/0)، توسعه خلاق (245/0) و تخصص فنی (213/0) مهم‌ترین عوامل توسعه و موفقیت توسعه چشم‌انداز روستایی می‌باشند. لذا برای توسعه و حفاظت از منابع و چشم‌انداز روستایی، برنامه‌ریزان و سازمان‌های توسعه روستایی باید به آموزش مدیریت و رهبری، نیروی انسانی تحصیلکرده و تخصص مردم محلی توجه کافی داشته باشند.
The lack of a comprehensive plan has led to disturbances in rural development and in making and combining old and new structures in rural communities. Disturbed rural spaces and destruction of environment have become challenges in the way of rural outlook. Therefore, the purpose of this current study is to investigate the effective key factors on rural communities independent development outlook. This study from a methodology, application, and purpose point of view is analytic-descriptive. Questionnaires were used as a means of gathering data and information. The focus group was comprised of experts and professors on rural matters of the city of Zanjan, who were chosen by targeted sampling method, during which 35 experts were chosen to perform coupled comparisons. By studying research literature and asking for experts’ opinions, 8 indices and 30 sub-indices were picked for this study. To investigate and identify these factors and to determine the quantity and importance of their weight, we used Phasic Analysis of Network Process (FANP). The results of this model indicated that input of man power (0.322), development of ethics (0.245), and technical expertise (0.213) are the most important factors in development and success of the development of the outlook of rural communities. So, to develop and preserve resources and rural outlook, those in charge of planning and rural development organizations should pay enough attention to training management and leadership, educated man power, and to the expertise of local people.
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