Journal of Structural Engineering and Geo-Techniques: 4 (2)

Open Access Article

1 - Behavior Study of Cemented Specimen by Biological Technique after Disturbance
Mohammad Reza Asgari Mohammad Azadi

With the population growth and consequently the requirement for development of civil constructions, it is necessary to design appropriate foundations for resisting structural loads. Soil weakness in bearing capacity of geotechnical elements has forced the researchers to More

With the population growth and consequently the requirement for development of civil constructions, it is necessary to design appropriate foundations for resisting structural loads. Soil weakness in bearing capacity of geotechnical elements has forced the researchers to continuously follow a solution to compensate for this deficiency. Within the past two decades, many studies have been carried out regarding the performance of this technique in optimization of the soil. One technique which is nowadays highly considered due to compatibility with the environment, high efficiency and low cost, is Biological Optimization Technique. One of the characteristics of this type of optimization is its ability for recovering after disturbance. In this research it has been tried to analyze the behavior of cemented specimens after disturbance and reconstruction. For this purpose, after construction of cubic specimens with dimensions of 2*6*6 cm and applying the disturbance and reconstruction, their shear strength under different vertical stresses has been evaluated by direct shear test. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - The Effect of Viscous Dampers on Improvement of the Behavior of Tall Belt Truss Structures
Nasser Gholaman Mohammad Ali Jafari

Using energy absorption systems in the structures with malfunctioning components is of paramount importance. By absorbing the seismic energy, these systems help the components of the structure to remain resilient during earthquake. In the present study, viscous dampers More

Using energy absorption systems in the structures with malfunctioning components is of paramount importance. By absorbing the seismic energy, these systems help the components of the structure to remain resilient during earthquake. In the present study, viscous dampers were applied in order to enhance the reactions of tall building with belt truss. To assess the response of a structure under earthquake loading conditions, we used the dynamic non-linear time-history analysis by the finite element method (FEM) using the ABAQUS software. Considering that the frequency content varies in earthquakes, each exert a different effect on the structure. For the evaluation of this parameter, seven accelerograms were used for the dynamic non-linear analysis. The studied tall buildings had 20, 30 and 40 floors and were selected without a damper and with viscous dampers so as to determine the effect of the number of floors on structural behavioral with and without dampers. X-braces were used in the structure, and the viscous dampers were applied within the horizontal braces. In addition, belt truss was used once in the last floor and again in the last and middle floors. According to the results, the structure’s response reduced due to the use of dampers or a second belt truss, so that the simultaneous addition of the middle belt truss and damper was associated with the highest reduction in the structure’s response (66.72%). However, this effect does not occur at all times, and the possibility must be considered for the structure before implementation. On the other hand, our findings suggested that the effects of the damper and middle belt truss on the decreased acceleration and maximum base shear would augment with increased height. Therefore, using dampers with middle belt truss is one of the most effectual techniques to reduce the structure response in tall buildings. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Bearing Capacity Zoning of Shallow Foundations in District 1 in Shiraz Municipality Using Geographic Information System (GIS)
Sara Afarid alireza Hajiani Boushehriana

This research presents the geotechnical zoning map of district 1 in Shiraz municipality with focus on allowable bearing capacity of foundation based on data from 160 boreholes. For this purpose, the mechanical properties are determined according to the results of direct More

This research presents the geotechnical zoning map of district 1 in Shiraz municipality with focus on allowable bearing capacity of foundation based on data from 160 boreholes. For this purpose, the mechanical properties are determined according to the results of direct shear, uniaxial, and SPT tests and then safe bearing capacity for strip foundations with widths of 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 m, and for Mat foundations with widths of 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24 m have been calculated. Finally, using ArcGIS software, the bearing capacity for the various widths was zoned and the zoning map of the allowable bearing capacity is provided by considering the allowable settlement. The zoning map shows that in the eastern part of the Shiraz municipality, the bearing capacity is greater than the other parts. The western and southern parts have a lower capacity than the northern parts. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - The Effect of Soccer Ball Impulse on Lower Limbs of the Human Body
Leila Shahryari Behtash JavidSharifi JavidSharifi Mohammad Ali Samianifar

Despite the fact that soccer is one of the most popular sports in the world, little attention has been paid to this game scientifically which could otherwise provide a broad range of interesting outcomes. Sport equipment has a significant effect on how a game is played. More

Despite the fact that soccer is one of the most popular sports in the world, little attention has been paid to this game scientifically which could otherwise provide a broad range of interesting outcomes. Sport equipment has a significant effect on how a game is played. Different features of the soccer ball such as its size, structure, weight and potential incoming pressure also affect the nature and quality of the game. Different models of soccer balls have been developed with the aim of increasing game quality and performance. Many scholars have investigated the displacements during typical soccer games caused by the ball impulse and the feet, but few studies have focused on the interaction between the ball and the feet. The aim of the present study is, thus, to investigate tension development and possible deformations caused by kicking the ball. Players who are well aware of soccer rules and have a little knowledge about soccer-induced injuries easily realize that the impulse of a non-standard ball considering its material, size or weight may severely damage the knees or other body parts. Due to the importance of the issue, to evaluate the impact of the soccer ball on the footballer’s feet, two finite element models of typical soccer balls have been studied with respect to the standard features of the real soccer ball in the three layers of leather, thread and rubber. The first model is proportional to the mass of the standard ball and the second incorporates a mass less than the standard level. Two models of bones are used in the present study: a single layer bone and a two-layer bone with cortical and cancellous tissues. For better understanding of the injuries resulting from the impulse from a non-standard ball, the used finite element software employs mechanic laws of sport biomechanics to provide better understanding of the details using mathematical modeling, computer simulation and experimental measurements. In this regard, this significant point is achieved through modeling the ball impulse to the feet which is quite complex and needs some simplification. As the soccer ball is flexible, most of the force is absorbed by the model’s flexibility. In the other model with a less flexible ball, the force absorbed by the bone is significantly more. Manuscript profile

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