بررسی اجزاء تکنولوژی سازمان‌های خدماتی با رویکرد افزایش بهره وری (مطالعه موردی: سازمان‌های خدماتی شهر تبریز)
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت بازرگانی
ناصر فقهی فرهمند
1
(عضو هیئت علمی (دانشیار) گروه مدیریت، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران)
کلید واژه: تکنولوژی, ارزیابی تکنولوژی, مدیریت تکنولوژی, تکنولوژی خدمات, TCC,
چکیده مقاله :
این بررسی با هدف ارزیابی چهار جزء تکنولوژی فن‌‌افزار، انسانافزار، سازمانافزار و اطلاعاتافزار در سازمان‌های خدماتی، فرضیه‌ای با این عنوان که اجزاء تکنولوژی در این سازمان‌ها نامتوازن است را دنبال می‌کند. در راستای هدف این بررسی[1]جهت جمع‌آوری اطلاعات، شش سازمان خدماتی به عنوان نمونه قابل دسترس انتخاب و پس از جمع‌آوری داده‌ها از طریق پرسشنامه، مصاحبه، مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. در این رابطه تشخیص این موضوع مهم است که هر سازمان برای متوازن‌سازی اجزاء چهارگانه تکنولوژیک خود به ترتیب اولویت تقویت و بهبود کدام جزء چهارگانه تکنولوژیک را در برنامه‌های مدیریت تکنولوژی سازمان قرار دهد تا در نتیجه بتوان از تکنولوژی سازمانی برای تبدیل هر چه بهتر منابع به ستانده‌های سازمانی بهره گرفت. در برنامه جاری این سازمان‌ها و برنامه پیشنهادی متوازن‌سازی اجزاء چهارگانه تکنولوژیک مغایرت‌هایی ملاحظه می‌شود. بدین صورت که نتایج نشان می‌دهد که بین اجزاء تکنولوژی توازن وجود ندارد و مقدار TCC آن‌ها نیز متفاوت بوده و شکاف تکنولوژیک این اجزاء در سازمان‌های خدماتی با نوع فعالیت درمانی و غذایی و بانکی از بیشترین تا کمترین به ترتیب عبارتند از سازمانافزار، انسانافزار، اطلاعاتافزار و فن‌‌افزار و در سازمان‌های خدماتی با نوع فعالیت توریستی و مسکن به ترتیب عبارتند از انسانافزار، سازمانافزار، اطلاعاتافزار و فن‌‌افزار و سازمان خدماتی با نوع فعالیت فرهنگی به ترتیب عبارتند از اطلاعاتافزار، انسانافزار، سازمانافزار و فن‌‌افزار که این سازمان‌ها برای متوازن‌سازی اجزاء چهارگانه تکنولوژیک به همین ترتیب بایستی تقویت و بهبود هر کدام را بایستی مورد توجه قرار دهد. 2- این مقاله از طرح تحقیقاتی که با بودجه پژوهشی و حمایت مالی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تبریز به انجام رسیده است استخراج شده است
This study with the evaluation direction and with aim of four basic factors and elements of technology includes Techno ware; Human ware; Organization ware; and Info ware as THIO of technology main and basic factors in official organizations, recognized main hypothesis that mentioned factors are not balance at these official organizations. In relation of study goal, data collected from five available official organizations as sample through questionnaire, interview and science challenge. Statistical analysis and another results showed that four basic factors and elements of technology are not balance at official organizations and quantity of TCC as Technology Content Coefficient is different. The abstracts of results are as follows: Four technology factors of official organization with welfare and health activity from maximum to minimum gap with priority are Organization ware; Human ware; Info ware and Techno ware that this organization must notify to improvement of them for technology balancing,Four technology factors of official organization with touristy activity from maximum to minimum gap with priority are Human ware; Organization ware; Info ware and Techno ware that this organization must notify to improvement of them for technology balancing, Four technology factors of official organization with housing activity from maximum to minimum gap with priority are Human ware; Organization ware; Info ware and Techno ware that this organization must notify to improvement of them for technology balancing. Four technology factors of official organization with cultural activity from maximum to minimum gap with priority are Info ware; Human ware; Organization ware; and Techno ware that this organization must notify to improvement of them for technology balancing, Four technology factors of official organization with food activity from maximum to minimum gap with priority are Organization ware; Human ware; Info ware and Techno ware that this organization must notify to improvement of them for technology balancing, Four technology factors of official organization with banking activity from maximum to minimum gap with priority are Organization ware; Human ware; Info ware and Techno ware that this organization must notify to improvement of them for technology balancing.
- Ahmadi, E and Tavakoli, A. (2000), “Comprehensive Approach to Technology Transfer”, Tadbir Magazine, Industrial Management Organization, N 109.
- Brown, E. (2000), “Technology Background”, Translation by Mohammad Zanjani, Tehran, Industrial Management Organization, V 1.
- Atlas Technology. (1990), Planning and Budget Organization.
- Bagheri, K. (2003), “Determination of Priority Direct Methods of Transfer of Gas Turbine Technology in the Electricity Industry of Iran”, University of Tehran, Faculty of Management.
- Toms, H., D. (2000), “Knowledge Management”, Translation by Dr. Hossein Rahman Sarsht, Second Edition, Tehran, Sapco Publishing.
- Taghi Pur, R. (2000), “Study of the pattern of access to technology, its development and commercialization in the industries of the system”, the University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Industry.
- Jafar Nejad, A. (2003), “Modern Technology Management”, Tehran, Tehran University Press V 2.
- Jamali, A. (1994), “Designing a Decision Making Process for Technology Evaluation in Automotive Industries”, Shiraz University, School of Management and Science.
- Fatali, A. (1993), “Technology Development, Tehran, Allameh Tabatabaei University Press, V 1.
- Daft, R. (1995), “Organization Theory and Structural Design”, Ali Parsayian and Seyyed Mohammad Arabi, Tehran, Institute of Commerce Studies and Researches, V 2, N 1.
- Zahedi, S. (1993), “Creation and expansion of information management systems, management studies of Allameh Tabataba'i University, N 10.
- Zanjani, M. (2000), “Evaluating the level of the ability and infrastructure of innovation and technology in the company of Saipa large industrial molds”, University of Science and Technology.
- Tabatabayi, H. (2000), “Designing a decision-making model in selecting technology transfer projects Fuzzy approach Theory of Opportunity”, Tarbiat Modares University, Faculty of Administrative Sciences.
- Fered, R. D. (2000), “Strategic Management”, Translated by Ali Parsaeian and Seyyed Mohammad Arabi, First Printing, Tehran, Office of Cultural Studies.
- Feghhi Farahmand, N. (2003), “Organization Trust Management, Forouzib Publications, Tabriz, V 1.
- Feghhi Farahmand, N. (2006), “Technology Productivity and Its Structure, Journal of Method, N 28.
- Feghhi Farahmand, N. (2009), “Organization of Strategic Plan, Forouziz Publications, Tabriz, V 1.
- Feghhi Farahmand, N. (2011), “Dynamic Management Organization, Forouziz Publications, Tabriz, V 2.
- Feghhi Farahmand, N. (2011), “Management Technology Organization”, Forouziz Publications, Tabriz, V 2.
- Karimi Kashani, A. (2002), “Designing and explaining the technology development model of the automotive industry in Iran with emphasis on export strategy”, Tarbiat Modares University, Faculty of Administrative Sciences.
- Momeni, R. (1995), “Management of technology upgrading at the level of enterprises”, Technology and development articles, Industrial Management Organization.
- Malaee, M. (1994), “Transfer of Technology in the Automotive Industry”, Opinion Research, Tarbiat Modarres University, School of Management Science and Management
- Ahasan. M, Rabiul. Social and Cultural ethics of new technology, work science laboratory university of Oulu Finland.
- Aspelund, A., Berg-Utby, T., Skjevdal, R., (2012), “Initial resources’ influence on new venture survival: a longitudinal study of new technology-based firms”, Technovation 25, 1112-1119.
- Blossfeld, H.P., and Rohwer, G., (2012), “Techniques of Event History Modeling”, 2nd edition, Lowrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. 14-18.
- Delmar, F., Shane, S. (2013), Legitimating first: organizing activities and the survival of new ventures. Journal of Business Venturing 19. 309–400
- Fritsch, Michel; Brixy, Udo; Falck, Oliver. (2012), “The Effect of Industry, Region and Time on New Business Survival – A Multi-Dimensional Analysis.
- Huyghebaert, N., et al. (2011), “New Firm Survival: The Effect Of Start-Up Characteristics”, Journal of Business Finance & Accounting 27.. 362-402.
- Khalid. S, Xu honggang (1997), Emerging issues in the development and utilization of S&T indicators in developing countries of the ESCAP region
- Kuratko D F and Hodgetts R M (2012), Entrepreneurship, Practice Mason, Ohio, Thomson South Western. 58-68
- Mason, C and Stark, M. (2012), “What do investors look for Trading Plan”, International small Trading Journal, 22. 205.
- Mata, J., Portugal, P., Guimaraes, P., (2012), The survival of new plants: start-up conditions and post-entry evolution. International Journal of Industrial Organization 13, 621–639.
- Nayak, A and Greenfield, S. (2011), The Use Of Management Accounting Information, Finance and the BIO, London, Rutledge. 42-492.
- North, J., Blackburn, R and Curran, J. (2010), “Reaching small Trading and Enterprising Futures”, London, Paul Chapman. 187
- Olivero, G., Bane, K.D., Kopelman, RE (2010), Executive coaching as a transfer of training tool: Effects on productivity in a public agency. Public Personnel Management, 26, 4.
- Peer Sources Website, http://www.mentors.ca/coachingnews.html.
- Perry, S.C (2010), plan and the Failure of small Qualityes in the US, Journal of small Quality Management, 39.
- Peters, T. (2011), Thriving on Chaos. Book Club Associates.
- Rue, L. and Ibrahim, N. (2013), Planning Sophistication and Performance in small Qualityes, Journal of small Quality Management, 36.
- Sahlman, W. A. (2011), “How to write a great Quality Plan”, Harvard Quality Review, July-August, 98.
- Schwenk, C. R. and Shrader, C. B. (2011), “Effects Of Formal Strategic Planning, Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice”, 17.
- Senge, P. (2012), The Fifth Discipline. New York, Currency Doubleday.
- Sharif. N, (1993), Technology Management Indicators for Developing Countries, TDRI Quarterly Review, VOL8, No 2, june,. 17-24.
- Smith, N. R. (2011), The Entrepreneur and His Organization, University of Michigan: Bureau of Quality and Economic Research.
- Stacey, R. D. (2010), Strategic Management and Organisational Dynamics, Prentice Hall.
- Steele, R. S. (2012), Power motivation, activation and inspirational speeches. Journal of Personality, 45.
- Stutely, R. (2011), The Definitive Trading Plan, London, Financial Times, Prentice Hall. 69
- Technology Atlas project (1989), ESCAP.
- Westhead, P. and Birley, S. (2013), Employment in New Independent Owner Managed Organization, International small Quality Journal, 13.
- Westhead, P. and Storey, D. (2012), Management and BP Performance: Why is the Link So Weak? International small Trading Journal, 14. 87-197.
- Westhead, P. and Wright, M. (2012), Contributions of Novice, Portfolio, Founders Located In Rural and Urban Areas, Regional Studies, 33.
- Woods, A. and Joyce, P. (2012), Owner managers and the practice of strategic management, International small Quality Journal, 21.
_||_
- Ahmadi, E and Tavakoli, A. (2000), “Comprehensive Approach to Technology Transfer”, Tadbir Magazine, Industrial Management Organization, N 109.
- Brown, E. (2000), “Technology Background”, Translation by Mohammad Zanjani, Tehran, Industrial Management Organization, V 1.
- Atlas Technology. (1990), Planning and Budget Organization.
- Bagheri, K. (2003), “Determination of Priority Direct Methods of Transfer of Gas Turbine Technology in the Electricity Industry of Iran”, University of Tehran, Faculty of Management.
- Toms, H., D. (2000), “Knowledge Management”, Translation by Dr. Hossein Rahman Sarsht, Second Edition, Tehran, Sapco Publishing.
- Taghi Pur, R. (2000), “Study of the pattern of access to technology, its development and commercialization in the industries of the system”, the University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Industry.
- Jafar Nejad, A. (2003), “Modern Technology Management”, Tehran, Tehran University Press V 2.
- Jamali, A. (1994), “Designing a Decision Making Process for Technology Evaluation in Automotive Industries”, Shiraz University, School of Management and Science.
- Fatali, A. (1993), “Technology Development, Tehran, Allameh Tabatabaei University Press, V 1.
- Daft, R. (1995), “Organization Theory and Structural Design”, Ali Parsayian and Seyyed Mohammad Arabi, Tehran, Institute of Commerce Studies and Researches, V 2, N 1.
- Zahedi, S. (1993), “Creation and expansion of information management systems, management studies of Allameh Tabataba'i University, N 10.
- Zanjani, M. (2000), “Evaluating the level of the ability and infrastructure of innovation and technology in the company of Saipa large industrial molds”, University of Science and Technology.
- Tabatabayi, H. (2000), “Designing a decision-making model in selecting technology transfer projects Fuzzy approach Theory of Opportunity”, Tarbiat Modares University, Faculty of Administrative Sciences.
- Fered, R. D. (2000), “Strategic Management”, Translated by Ali Parsaeian and Seyyed Mohammad Arabi, First Printing, Tehran, Office of Cultural Studies.
- Feghhi Farahmand, N. (2003), “Organization Trust Management, Forouzib Publications, Tabriz, V 1.
- Feghhi Farahmand, N. (2006), “Technology Productivity and Its Structure, Journal of Method, N 28.
- Feghhi Farahmand, N. (2009), “Organization of Strategic Plan, Forouziz Publications, Tabriz, V 1.
- Feghhi Farahmand, N. (2011), “Dynamic Management Organization, Forouziz Publications, Tabriz, V 2.
- Feghhi Farahmand, N. (2011), “Management Technology Organization”, Forouziz Publications, Tabriz, V 2.
- Karimi Kashani, A. (2002), “Designing and explaining the technology development model of the automotive industry in Iran with emphasis on export strategy”, Tarbiat Modares University, Faculty of Administrative Sciences.
- Momeni, R. (1995), “Management of technology upgrading at the level of enterprises”, Technology and development articles, Industrial Management Organization.
- Malaee, M. (1994), “Transfer of Technology in the Automotive Industry”, Opinion Research, Tarbiat Modarres University, School of Management Science and Management
- Ahasan. M, Rabiul. Social and Cultural ethics of new technology, work science laboratory university of Oulu Finland.
- Aspelund, A., Berg-Utby, T., Skjevdal, R., (2012), “Initial resources’ influence on new venture survival: a longitudinal study of new technology-based firms”, Technovation 25, 1112-1119.
- Blossfeld, H.P., and Rohwer, G., (2012), “Techniques of Event History Modeling”, 2nd edition, Lowrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. 14-18.
- Delmar, F., Shane, S. (2013), Legitimating first: organizing activities and the survival of new ventures. Journal of Business Venturing 19. 309–400
- Fritsch, Michel; Brixy, Udo; Falck, Oliver. (2012), “The Effect of Industry, Region and Time on New Business Survival – A Multi-Dimensional Analysis.
- Huyghebaert, N., et al. (2011), “New Firm Survival: The Effect Of Start-Up Characteristics”, Journal of Business Finance & Accounting 27.. 362-402.
- Khalid. S, Xu honggang (1997), Emerging issues in the development and utilization of S&T indicators in developing countries of the ESCAP region
- Kuratko D F and Hodgetts R M (2012), Entrepreneurship, Practice Mason, Ohio, Thomson South Western. 58-68
- Mason, C and Stark, M. (2012), “What do investors look for Trading Plan”, International small Trading Journal, 22. 205.
- Mata, J., Portugal, P., Guimaraes, P., (2012), The survival of new plants: start-up conditions and post-entry evolution. International Journal of Industrial Organization 13, 621–639.
- Nayak, A and Greenfield, S. (2011), The Use Of Management Accounting Information, Finance and the BIO, London, Rutledge. 42-492.
- North, J., Blackburn, R and Curran, J. (2010), “Reaching small Trading and Enterprising Futures”, London, Paul Chapman. 187
- Olivero, G., Bane, K.D., Kopelman, RE (2010), Executive coaching as a transfer of training tool: Effects on productivity in a public agency. Public Personnel Management, 26, 4.
- Peer Sources Website, http://www.mentors.ca/coachingnews.html.
- Perry, S.C (2010), plan and the Failure of small Qualityes in the US, Journal of small Quality Management, 39.
- Peters, T. (2011), Thriving on Chaos. Book Club Associates.
- Rue, L. and Ibrahim, N. (2013), Planning Sophistication and Performance in small Qualityes, Journal of small Quality Management, 36.
- Sahlman, W. A. (2011), “How to write a great Quality Plan”, Harvard Quality Review, July-August, 98.
- Schwenk, C. R. and Shrader, C. B. (2011), “Effects Of Formal Strategic Planning, Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice”, 17.
- Senge, P. (2012), The Fifth Discipline. New York, Currency Doubleday.
- Sharif. N, (1993), Technology Management Indicators for Developing Countries, TDRI Quarterly Review, VOL8, No 2, june,. 17-24.
- Smith, N. R. (2011), The Entrepreneur and His Organization, University of Michigan: Bureau of Quality and Economic Research.
- Stacey, R. D. (2010), Strategic Management and Organisational Dynamics, Prentice Hall.
- Steele, R. S. (2012), Power motivation, activation and inspirational speeches. Journal of Personality, 45.
- Stutely, R. (2011), The Definitive Trading Plan, London, Financial Times, Prentice Hall. 69
- Technology Atlas project (1989), ESCAP.
- Westhead, P. and Birley, S. (2013), Employment in New Independent Owner Managed Organization, International small Quality Journal, 13.
- Westhead, P. and Storey, D. (2012), Management and BP Performance: Why is the Link So Weak? International small Trading Journal, 14. 87-197.
- Westhead, P. and Wright, M. (2012), Contributions of Novice, Portfolio, Founders Located In Rural and Urban Areas, Regional Studies, 33.
- Woods, A. and Joyce, P. (2012), Owner managers and the practice of strategic management, International small Quality Journal, 21.