سنجش زیست پذیری شهری در بافت های تاریخی (نمونه: محله باباطاهر خرم‌آباد)
محورهای موضوعی : جغرافیای مکان‌ها
سمیه تیموری
1
(گروه شهرسازی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد یادگار امام خمینی (ره) شهرری)
کلید واژه: زیست پذیری, بافت تاریخی, شهر خرم‌آباد, محله باباطاهر.,
چکیده مقاله :
افزایش سریع شهرنشینی، چشم اندازهای متنوعی ازجمله نابرابری خدمات و امکانات، افت کیفیت زندگی، فرسودگی و زوال محلات را به دنبال داشته است. این امر منجر به توجه طراحان و برنامه ریزان شهری بر روی بهبود کیفیت زندگی شده که این مفهوم را تحت عنوان زیست پذیری شهری ذکر می کنند. بافت قديمي و كهن شهرها به واسطه‌ی قدمت تاريخي، عناصر باارزش تاريخي، موقعيت مناسب ارتباطي، قرارگيري بازار اصلي شهر و قلب تپنده ي اقتصادي آن داراي جايگاه منحصربه‌فردی در ساختار فضايي-كاركردي شهر مي باشد. شهر خرم‌آباد به‌عنوان مرکز استان لرستان از مشکلات بافت فرسوده در بخش مرکزی رنج می برد. یکی از قدیمی ترین محله های شهر خرم آباد که در مرکز شهر واقع شده است و مهم‌ترین بافت فرسوده شهر است، محله درب باباطاهر می باشد که به علت تجمع بیش‌ازحد فعالیت ها و جمعیت در آن باعث افت کيفيت محیطی، کاهش سرزندگي، تحمل‌ناپذیری زندگی شهری، زوال فيزيکي، کالبدي و کارکردي و در یک‌کلام افت زيست پذيري شهری در این بخش از شهر شده است. هدف اصلی این پژوهش سنجش و ارزیابی زیست پذیری در بافت فرسوده محله درب باباطاهر جهت ارتقا زيست پذيري این بافت تاریخی است. روش تحقیق در مقاله حاضر توصیفی- تحلیلی و از نوع تحقیقات پژوهشی-کاربردی است. داده ها با استفاده از پرسشنامه گردآوری شده اند که برای سنجش روایی آن ها از روش آلفای کرونباخ استفاده شده و پایایی پرسش‌نامه‌ها با استفاده از آزمون آلفای کرونباخ تائید شد که 0/851 به‌دست‌آمده است که نشان می دهد پایایی پرسش‌نامه‌ها در سطح قابل قبولی است. در مرحله نهایی با استفاده از آزمون تی تست و فیشر به تحلیل داده ها پرداخته شده و در میان مؤلفه‌های مؤثر بر زیست پذیری بعد خدمات شهری با مقدار میانگین 134.26 و بعد تاریخی با مقدار میانگین 69.93 به ترتیب بدترین و بهترین ابعاد زیست پذیری محله تشخیص داده شده اند. بااین‌حال می توان چنین تحلیل کرد که این محله بااینکه مهم ترین محله تاریخی شهر محسوب می شود و در مرکز شهر واقع شده است، استانداردهای مطلوب زندگی و میزان زیست پذیری آن در سطحی بسیار ضعیف است.
The rapid increase in urbanization in the past few decades has led to various perspectives, including the inequality of services and facilities, the decline in the quality of life, the wear and tear of neighborhoods, etc. This has led to the attention of urban designers and planners on improving the quality of life, who mention this concept under the title of urban livability. The old texture of the cities due to the historical antiquity and the existence of valuable historical elements, suitable communication situation, the location of the city's main market and its economic beating heart, etc., has a unique value and position in the spatial-functional structure of the city. The main goal of this research is to measure and evaluate the indicators of livability in the worn-out structure of Darb Babataher neighborhood in order to improve the viability of this historical structure. The research method in this article is descriptive-analytical and research-applied. The data was collected using a questionnaire, which was evaluated by Cronbach's alpha method, and the reliability of the questionnaires was confirmed using the Cronbach's alpha test, which was 0.851, which shows that the reliability of the questionnaires is at an acceptable level. In the final stage, the data was analyzed using t-test and Fisher's test, and among the factors affecting livability, urban services dimension with an average value of 134.26 and historical dimension with an average value of 69.93 were respectively the worst and best dimensions in life. The acceptability of the neighborhood has been recognized. However, it can be analyzed that although this neighborhood is considered the most important historical neighborhood of the city and is located in the center of the city, the desirable standards of life and its livability are at a very poor level.
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