In Vitro Propagation of Cephalanthera rubra (L.) Rich., an Endangered Orchid, Using 2,4-D, NAA and BA
محورهای موضوعی : مجله گیاهان زینتی
Mahdi Zargar Azad
1
(Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Horticultural Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran)
Behzad Kaviani
2
(Department of Horticultural Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran)
Shahram Sedaghathoor
3
(Department of Horticultural Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran)
کلید واژه: tissue culture, plant growth regulators, Micropropagation, Orchidaceae, Threatened ornamental plants,
چکیده مقاله :
Orchids are universally popular due to the wide range of colors, sizes, shapes, and scents in their flowers. The demand for orchids as cut flowers and pot plants is increasing in the flower market. Seed germination of orchids is comparatively low in the wild as they typically require fungal symbionts during their germination. Micropropagation of orchids is a major approach to orchid conservation and commercial production. Cephalanthera rubra (L.) Rich., one of Iran’s endangered orchid species, has been cloned using leaf as explant, Murashige and Skoog (MS) as culture medium, and α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) (both at the concentrations of 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 mg L–1) as well 6-benzyladenine (BA) (at 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 mg L–1) as plant growth regulators (PGRs). In order to initiate an axenic culture, the disinfection of leaf explants was performed with sodium hypochlorite and mercury chloride. The highest number of shoots (4.33) was obtained in medium enriched with 4 mg L–1 BA. Maximum stem length (4.73 cm), leaf number (5.33) and node number (2.86) was obtained in medium supplemented with 3 mg L–1 BA. The largest number of root (5) and the highest length of root (4.83 cm) was produced on medium augmented with 0.3 mg L–1 NAA. Rooted plantlets were transferred to pots filled with peat and perlite in 1:1 proportion and acclimatized to ambient greenhouse conditions with an average of 90% survival rate. This is the first report on the micropropagation of C. rubra (L.) Rich.
ارکیدها به دلیل طیف وسیعی از رنگ‌ها، اندازه‌ها، شکل‌ها و بوها در گل‌هایشان از محبوبیت جهانی برخوردارند. درخواست برای ارکیدها به عنوان گل‌های شاخه‌بریده و گیاهان گلدانی در بازار گل رو به افزایش است. جوانه‌زنی بذر ارکیدها در حالت وحشی بسیار پایین است به طوری که آنها در طی جوانه‌زنی‌شان به همزیست‌های قارچی نیاز دارند. ریزازدیادی ارکیدها یک رویکرد عمده برای حفاظت و تکثیر تجاری است. Cephalanthera rubra (L.) Rich، یکی از گونه‌های ارکید در معرض خطر ایران، با استفاده از برگ به عنوان ریزنمونه، موراشیگ و اسکوگ (MS) به عنوان محیط کشت و ɑ-نفتالین‌استیک اسید و 4،2-دی‌کلروفنوکسی‌استیک اسید (هر دو در غلظت‌های 0، 0/1، 0/2، 0/3 و 0/4 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر) همچنین 6-بنزیل‌آدنین (در غلظت‌های 0، 1، 2، 3 و 4 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر) به عنوان تنظیم‌کننده‌های رشد گیاهی (PGRs) کلون شده‌اند. به دلیل آغاز یک کشت گندزدا، ضدعفونی ریزنمونه‌های برگ با هیپوکلریت سدیم و کلرید جیوه انجام شد. بیشترین تعداد شاخه (4/33) در محیط غنی‌شده با 4 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر بنزیل‌آدنین به دست آمد. بیشینه‌ی طول ساقه (4/73 سانتی‌متر)، تعداد برگ (5/33) و تعداد گره (2/86) در محیط مکمل‌شده با 3 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر بنزیل‌آدنین به دست آمد. بیشترین تعداد ریشه (5) و بالاترین طول ریشه (4/83 سانتی‌متر) روی محیط غنی‌شده با 0/3 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر نفتالین‌استیک اسید تولید شد. گیاهچه‌های ریشه‌دارشده به گلدان‌های پرشده با پیت و پرلیت به نسبت 1:1 منتقل گردیدند و به شرایط محیطی گلخانه با میانگین بقای 90 درصد سازگار شدند. این اولین گزارش روی ریزازدیادی C. rubra (L.) Rich است.
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