Analyzing the Interactions Between Surface Temperature, Vegetation, and Topography in Jakarta (Indonesia) and Seoul (South Korea)
Subject Areas : Environment
Samaneh Mirmiran
1
,
Ali Akbar Jamali
2
1 - Ph.D. Candidate in environmental science and engineerig, Department of Environment, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran
2 - Associate Professor, Department of GIS-RS and Watershed Management, Maybod Branch, Islamic Azad University, Maybod, Iran;
Keywords: Air Pollutants, Google Eart Engine, Land Surface Temperature NDVI,
Abstract :
Background and objective: Urbanization significantly impacts air quality, with land surface temperature (LST), vegetation cover, precipitation, and air pollutants Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) and Methane (CH4)) playing critical roles. This study investigates the relationships among these environmental variables in Jakarta, Indonesia, and Seoul, South Korea, to understand their interconnections and implications for urban air quality management. Materials and methods: Utilizing satellite imagery (Sentinel-5P and MODIS) and remote sensing data, vegetation cover was measured using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), while LST was analyzed alongside meteorological data. Pollution levels of NO2 and CH4 were assessed through ground-level measurements and satellite-derived data. Topographical features such as slope and elevation were integrated into the analysis, and wind rose data were used to evaluate wind patterns' effects on pollutant dispersion. Results and conclusion: The results revealed that higher vegetation cover correlates with lower concentrations of NO2 and CH4, supporting the hypothesis that urban green spaces mitigate pollution. A significant positive correlation between LST and pollutant levels was observed, indicating urban heat exacerbates air quality issues. Topographical factors significantly influenced pollutant distribution, with lower elevations trapping pollutants. Furthermore, prevailing wind patterns were found to be crucial in shaping pollution dynamics. These findings underscore the importance of integrating vegetation and topographical considerations into urban planning and policy-making to enhance air quality and promote sustainable urban environments in both cities.
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