بررسی رابطه بین توسعه خدمات اجتماعی و درآمدهای نفتی بر رفاه اجتماعی درکشورهای نفتی
محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات توسعه اجتماعی ایران
مصطفی خلیل محمد بهیه
1
,
حسین شریفی رنانی
2
*
,
مناف مرزه نعمه راضی
3
,
سعید دایی کریم زاده
4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری رشته اقتصاد، واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اصفهان، ایران
2 - دانشیار اقتصاد، واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اصفهان، ایران
3 - دانشیار اقتصاد، دانشگاه قادسیه، دیوانیه، عراق،
4 - دانشیار اقتصاد، واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اصفهان، ایران
کلید واژه: خدمات اجتماعی, درآمدهای نفتی, رفاه اجتماعی, کشورهای نفتی, رگرسیون کوانتایل, توسعه پایدار,
چکیده مقاله :
کشورهای نفتمحور همواره با چالش بهرهبرداری بهینه از درآمدهای نفتی برای توسعه خدمات اجتماعی و ارتقاء رفاه عمومی مواجه بودهاند. تأثیر این منابع بر رفاه اجتماعی به سیاستهای تخصیص درآمد و نحوه مدیریت منابع نفتی وابسته است. در همین راستا، این پژوهش با استفاده از روش اقتصادسنجی رگرسیون کوانتایل، رابطه بین درآمدهای نفتی، توسعه خدمات اجتماعی، و رفاه اجتماعی را در بازه زمانی 2010 تا 2023 بررسی میکند. نمونه آماری شامل 12 کشور نفتی: ایران، عربستان سعودی، امارات متحده عربی، قطر، نیجریه، ونزوئلا، الجزایر، کویت، عراق، نروژ، روسیه، و قزاقستان است. متغیرهای اصلی تحقیق شامل درآمد نفتی، توسعه خدمات اجتماعی و رفاه اجتماعی هستند. همچنین، متغیرهای کنترل شامل نوسانات قیمت نفت، رشد اقتصادی، تورم و بیکاری در مدل گنجانده شدند. نتایج نشان داد که درآمد نفتی تأثیر مثبت و معناداری بر رفاه اجتماعی دارد که این تأثیر در دهکهای بالاتر (50%، 80%، 90%) قویتر و در دهکهای پایینتر (10% و 20%) ضعیفتر است. همچنین، خدمات اجتماعی در تمامی دهکها تأثیر مثبت و معناداری داشته است، که در دهکهای پایینتر قویتر از دهکهای بالاتر بوده است. در نهایت مشاهده شد رشد اقتصادی تأثیر مثبتی در تمامی دهکها داشت، بهویژه در دهکهای پایینتر. تورم و بیکاری نیز تأثیر منفی بر رفاه اجتماعی داشتند، که این اثر در دهکهای پایینتر قویتر بوده است. این تحقیق با ارائه راهکارهای سیاستی، ضرورت مدیریت صحیح منابع نفتی و تخصیص مؤثر آن به خدمات اجتماعی را در دستیابی به توسعه پایدار و رفاه اجتماعی برجسته میسازد..
Oil-dependent countries have always faced challenges in optimizing the utilization of oil revenues for the development of social services and the enhancement of public welfare. The impact of these resources on social welfare depends on income allocation policies and the management of oil resources. In this regard, this study uses the econometric method of quantile regression to examine the relationship between oil revenues, social service development, and social welfare from 2010 to 2023. The sample includes 12 oil-producing countries: Iran, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Nigeria, Venezuela, Algeria, Kuwait, Iraq, Norway, Russia, and Kazakhstan. The main variables of the study include oil revenues, social service development, and social welfare. Additionally, control variables such as oil price volatility, economic growth, inflation, and unemployment are included in the model. The results indicate that oil revenues have a positive and significant effect on social welfare, with a stronger effect in the higher quantiles (50%, 80%, 90%) and a weaker effect in the lower quantiles (10% and 20%). Moreover, social services have a positive and significant impact across all quantiles, with a stronger effect in the lower quantiles. Lastly, economic growth had a positive effect across all quantiles, particularly in the lower quantiles. Inflation and unemployment, however, have a negative impact on social welfare, with a stronger effect in the lower quantiles. This study emphasizes the importance of proper oil resource management and effective allocation to social services for achieving sustainable development and social welfare, providing policy recommendations to this end.
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