طراحی و پیاده سازی پلتفرم بومی مبادله انرژی همتا به همتای مبتنی بر بلاکچین

محورهای موضوعی : انرژی های تجدیدپذیر

محمدرضا جبارپور ¹ (گروه پژوهشی فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات- پژوهشگاه نیرو، تهران، ایران)
علی محمد صغیری ² (گروه پژوهشی فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات- پژوهشگاه نیرو، تهران، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1400/12/09 تاریخ پذیرش : 1401/02/17 تاریخ انتشار : 1402/12/01

کلید واژه: انرژی تجدیدپذیر, صنعت برق, مدیریت انرژی, بلاکچین, توکن انرژی, قرارداد هوشمند, مبادله انرژی همتا به همتا,

چکیده مقاله :

در سال های اخیر، توجه به انرژی های تجدیدپذیر و تولید پراکنده به دلیل افزایش تقاضای انرژی و آلودگی های زیست محیطی، افزایش یافته است. به همین علت در ساختار جدید شبکه قدرت، مصرف کنندگان می توانند نقش تولیدکننده هم داشته باشند. با توجه به این که تعداد تولید/مصرف کنندگان در این ساختار بسیار بیشتر از شبکه های قدرت سنتی است، نیاز به بستری امن، شفاف، سریع و مقیاس پذیر برای تبادلات انرژی به شدت احساس می شود. فناوری بلاکچین با توجه به خصوصیات منحصربفردش می تواند چنین بستری را فراهم کند. با این که پلتفرم های مبتنی بر بلاکچین زیادی در کشورهای مختلف در حوزه انرژی ارائه شده است، اما در ایران چنین پلتفرمی وجود ندارد. بنابراین هدف اصلی این مقاله طراحی و پیاده سازی پایلوت پلتفرم بومی مبادله انرژی همتا به همتای مبتنی بر بلاکچین با در نظر گرفتن شرایط خاص شبکه برق ایران است. معماری کلان پلتفرم براساس مفهوم حداقل محصول قابل عرضه (MVP) با درنظر گرفتن نیازهای عملکردی و غیرعملکردی در قالب نمودارهای زبان مدل سازی یکپارچه (UML) طراحی شده است. پایلوت پلتفرم پیشنهادی در قالب 4 عنصر اصلی شامل قرارداد هوشمند، رابط کاربری، پلتفرم بلاکچین، پایگاه داده بلاکچینی و غیربلاکچینی پیاده سازی شده و با استفاده از سناریوهای مختلف مورد ارزیابی و آزمون قرار گرفته است. این آزمون ها عمدتاً شامل آزمون واحد و آزمون یک پارچگی هستند که با موفقیت بر روی پلتفرم انجام شده اند. این پلتفرم برای اولین بار در کشور مطابق با پروتکل اتریوم و بر مبنای معماری میکروسرویس طراحی و پیاده سازی شده است. این پلتفرم علاوه بر امکان ادغام با سامانه های مبتنی بر اتریوم، به واسطه طراحی ماژولار دارای قابلیت توسعه پذیری است.

چکیده انگلیسی:

In recent years, attention to renewable energy and distributed generation has increased due to increased energy demand and environmental pollution. To this end, in the new power grid structure, consumers can also play a producer role. Considering that the number of prosumers in this structure is much more than traditional power networks, the need for a secure, transparent, fast, scalable platform for energy exchanges has greatly increased. Blockchain technology can provide such a platform due to its unique properties. Although there are many blockchain-based platforms in different countries in enregy field, but in Iran there is no such platform. Therefore, the main purpose of this paper is to design and implement a local pilot platform for peer-to-peer blockchain-based energy exchange, taking into account the specific conditions of Iran's electricity grid. The macro platform architecture is designed based on the concept of Minimum Viable Product (MVP) considering functional and non-functional requirements in the form of unified modeling language (UML) diagrams. The proposed platform pilot has been implemented in the form of 4 main elements including smart contract, user interface, blockchain platform, and blockchain and non-blockchain databases and has been evaluated and tested using different scenarios. These tests mainly include the unit test and the integrity test, which were successfully performed on the platform. This platform has been designed and implemented for the first time in Iran in accordance with the Ethereum protocol and based on microservice architecture. In addition to the ability to integrate with Ethereum-based systems, this platform is scalable due to its modular design.

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