رابطۀ بین خُلق‌و‌خو و مشکلات برونیسازی در کودکان: نقش تعدیل‌گر ظرفیت تأملی والدینی
محورهای موضوعی : روان شناسی تحولیمائده پرستار 1 , سمانه بهزادپور 2 * , هدی گودرزی 3
1 - دانش آموخته دانشگاه علم و فرهنگ
2 - دانشگاه علم و فرهنگ
3 - دانش آموخته دانشگاه علم و فرهنگ
کلید واژه: خُلق‌و‌خو, ذهنی‌سازی, ظرفیت تأملی مادر, مشکلات برونیسازی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف این پژوهش تعیین نقش تعدیلکنندۀ ظرفیت تأملی مادر در رابطۀ بین خُلقوخوی کودک و مشکلات برونیسازی کودکان بود. طـرح پژوهـش از نـوع همبسـتگی و جامعۀ آماری مادران کودکان 6 تا 8 ساله شهرستان ساوه در ایران بود. 200 نفر از این مادران با روش نمونهبرداری در دسترس انتخاب شدند و پرسشنامۀ ظرفیت تأملی والدین (لویتن، مایز، نیجسنز و فوناگی، 2017). فهرست رفتاری کودک (آشنباخ و رسکورلا، 2001) و سیاهۀ منش و خُلقوخوی کودکان (کنستانتینو، کلونینجر، کلارک، هاشمی و پریزبک، 2002) را تکمیل کردند. برای تحلیل دادهها از آزمون همبستگی پیرسون و تحلیل رگرسیون سلسله مراتبی استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد بین پیش‌ذهنیسازی و مشکلات برونیسازی کودکان رابطۀ مثبت و متغیرهای اجتناب از آسیب، نوجویی، وابستگی به پاداش با مشکلات برونیسازی رابطۀ مستقیم دارد. هم‌چنین نتایج نشان داد زیره‌مقیاس علاقه و کنجکاوی در حالات ذهنی در رابطۀ بین نوجویی و مشکلات برونیسازی نقش تعدیلکننده دارد. بر این اساس میتوان گفت با افزایش ظرفیت تأملی مادران میتوان از بروز مشکلات در اوایل کودکی به‌‌ویژه در کودکان دارای خُلقوخوی دشوار پیشگیری کرد.
This study aimed to investigate the moderating role of maternal reflective functioning in relationship between child temperament and externalizing problems. The Method of research was correlation. The statistical population included mothers of 6-8-year-old children in Saveh city in Iran. The research sample encompassed 200 mothers who were selected by convenient sampling. The participants completed the Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire (Luyten, Mayes, Nijssens & Fonagy, 2017), Child Behavior Checklist (Achenbach & Rescorla, 2001), Preschool Temperament and Character Inventory (Constantino et al, 2002). The data analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and hierarchical regression. The findings of this study illuminate positive relationship between pre-mentalizing mode and externalizing problems in children. Furthermore, there was a positive relationship between harm avoidance, novelty seeking, and reward dependence with externalizing problems. moderated the relationship between novelty seeking and externalizing problems. Accordingly, it can be claimed that by increasing the reflective functioning capacity of mothers, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of behavioral problems in early childhood, especially in children with difficult temperament.
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