ارائه مدلی برای نهادینه کردن رهبری تسهیمی در دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مورد: واحدهای مستقر در استان آذربایجان‌غربی

محورهای موضوعی : تحقیق

,وحید حیاتلو ¹ (دانشجوی دکتری، گروه آموزش عالی، دانشکده اقتصاد و مدیریت، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)
حمیدرضا آراسته ² (استاد گروه مدیریت آموزشی ، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.)
کامران محمدخانی ³ (دانشیار مدیریت آموزش عالی، گروه مدیریت آموزش عالی، دانشکده اقتصاد و مدیریت، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1401/12/22 تاریخ پذیرش : 1402/03/28 تاریخ انتشار : 1402/03/01

کلید واژه: ایران, دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی, سبک‌های رهبری, رهبری, رهبری تسهیمی,

چکیده مقاله :

هدف این تحقیق ارائه مدلی برای نهادینه کردن رهبری تسهیمی در دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی بود. جامعه آماری شامل افراد متخصص و صاحب‌نظر واحدهای مستقر در استان آذربایجان‌غربی بود که به طور مستقیم با موضوع مورد بررسی سرو کار داشتند و با استفاده از رویکرد نمونه‌گیری هدفمند، تا اشباع نظری انتخاب شدند (n=10). داده‌ها به روش مصاحبه و با شیوه هدایت کلیات و به صورت نیمه ساخت یافته گردآوری شد. برای به دست آوردن اعتبار و روایی داده‌ها از دو روش بازبینی مشارکت‌کنندگان و همچنین مرور خبرگان غیرشرکت‌کننده در پژوهش استفاده شد. پایایی مدل با استفاده از شاخص کاپا مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. مقدار شاخص کاپا برابر با 763/0 محاسبه و در سطح توافق معتبر قرار گرفته است. با استفاده از نرم‌افزار Maxqda10 به بررسی مصاحبه‌ها و کدگذاری پرداخته شد. در نهایت، بر اساس معیارهای نهایی شناسایی شده، مدل بر آمده از روش تحلیل محتوای کیفی ارائه شد. نتایج حاصل از کدگذاری باز داده‌های کیفی گردآوری شده با استفاده از ابزار مصاحبه، تعداد 84 کد اولیه از میان 401 بود. سپس، 84 کد اولیه در قالب 16 مقوله اصلی شامل ارتباط رهبری سازمان، ارتباطات سازمانی، پیامد عملکردی، تیم‌های سازمانی، رفتارسازمانی، ساختارسازمانی، سبک‌های مختلف رهبری، سیستم مدیریت منابع انسانی، محیط سازمانی، مدیریت استراتژیک، مدیریت تغییر سازمانی، مدیریت عملکرد، مزیت رقابتی، منابع سازمانی، مهارت‌های سازمانی، ویژگی رفتاری رهبر، در قالب یک مدل دسته‌بندی شدند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

The purpose of this research was to present a model for institutionalizing shared leadership in Islamic Azad University. The statistical population included specialists and experts from the units located in West Azerbaijan province, who were directly dealing with the subject under investigation. Using the purposeful sampling approach, they were selected until theoretical saturation (n=10). The data was collected by the interview method with the general guidance method and in a semi-structured way. Participants as well as the review of non-participating experts were used in the research. The reliability of the model was evaluated using the Kappa index. The value of kappa index equal to 0.763 was calculated and it was placed at the level of valid agreement. Interviews were analyzed and coded using Maxqda10 software. Finally, based on the identified final criteria, the model derived from the qualitative content analysis method was presented. The results of the open coding of the qualitative data collected using the interview tool were 84 primary codes out of 401. Then, 84 primary codes in the form of 16 main categories including organizational leadership communication, organizational communication, functional outcome, organizational teams, organizational behavior, organizational structure, different leadership styles, human resource management system, organizational environment, strategic management, organizational change management, management Performance, competitive advantage, organizational resources, organizational skills, behavioral characteristics of the leader were categorized in a model.

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Bolden, R. (2011). Distributed leadership in organizations: A review of theory and research. International journal of management reviews, 13(3): 251-269.‏

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Carson, J. B., Tesluk, P. E., & Marrone, J. A. (2007). Shared leadership in teams: An investigation of antecedent conditions and performance. Academy of management Journal, 50(5): 1217-1234.‏

Cox, JF., Pearce, GL., & Perry, ML. (2003) Toward model of shared leadership and distributed influence in the innovation process. In: Pearce GL, Conger JA (eds) Shared Leadership. Reframing the Hows and Whys of Leadership. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE, 48–76.

Danaei Fard, H., Elwani, M., & Azar, A. (2021). Methodology book of qualitative research in management: a comprehensive approach. Tehran: Safar (Eshraghi) [In Persian].

D’Innocenzo, L., Mathieu, J. E., & Kukenberger, M. R. (2016). A meta-analysis of different forms of shared leadership–team performance relations. Journal of Management, 42(7): 1964-1991.‏

Daniels, E., & Hondeghem, D. F. (2019). A review on leadership and leadership development in educational settings. Educational research review, 27(110.125).‏

Drath, W. (1998). Approaching the future of leadership development. In C. McCauley (Ed.), The Center for Creative Leadership handbook of leadership development (pp. 403–432). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

Drugus, D., & Landøy, A. (2014). Leadership in higher education. Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Braşov,7(56): 1-12.

Elmore R. F. (2000). Building a new structure for school leadership. Washington, D.C.: The Albert Shanker Institute.

Ensley, M. D., Pearce, C. L., & Hmieleski, K. M. (2006). The moderating effect of environmental dynamism on the relationship between entrepreneur leadership behavior and new venture performance. Journal of Business Venturing, 21(4): 243-263.

Farajzadeh, Z., & Raisi, G. R. (2016). Examining the leadership style of the supervisors of medical training centers of Birjand University of Medical Sciences, National Conference on New Researches in Management, Economics and Human Sciences, Kazerun, Islamic Azad University, Kazerun branch [In Persian].

Garvin, D. A. (2003). Learning in action: A guide to putting the learning organization to work. Harvard Business Review Press.

Gordon, Z. (2005). The effect of distributed leadership on student achievement (Doctoral Dissertation, Central Connecticut State University.

Günter, K. Stahl, C., Miska, C., Sheila M., Puffer, S., & McCarthy, D. J. (2016), Responsible Global Leadership in Emerging Markets, in Joyce S. Osland, Ming Li, Mark E. Mendenhall (ed.) Advances in Global Leadership (Advances in Global Leadership, Volume 9) Emerald Group Publishing Limited, pp.79 – 106.

Gu, J., Chen, Z., Huang, Q., Liu, H., & Huang, S. (2018). A multilevel analysis of the relationship between shared leadership and creativity in inter‐organizational teams. The Journal of Creative Behavior, 52(2): 109-126.

‏Habibi, G. (2010). Research method in social science research. Tehran: Jihad Daneshgahi [In Persian].

Han, S. J., Lee, Y., Beyerlein, M., & Kolb, J. (2017). Shared leadership in teams: The role of coordination, goal commitment, and knowledge sharing on perceived team performance. Team Performance Management: An International Journal, 24(3/4): 150-168.‏

Hoch, J. E. (2013). Shared leadership and innovation: The role of vertical leadership and employee integrity. Journal of Business and Psychology, 28, 159-174.‏

Hoch, J. E., & Kozlowski, S. W. J. (2014). Leading virtual teams: hierarchical leadership, structural supports, and shared team leadership. J. Appl. Psychol. 99 (3): 390–403.

Homans, G. C. (1958). Social behavior as exchange. American Journal of Sociology, 62, 597–606.

Hoveida, R., moghadam, A., & nikbakht, A. (2009). A study of the relationship between shared leadership and teamwork from the standpoint of faculty members at the university of Esfahan. Journal of Educational Scinces, 16(1): 137-152. doi: 10.22055/edu.2009.14172[In Persian].

Huang, C. H. (2013). Shared leadership and team learning: Roles of knowledge sharing and team characteristics. Journal of International Management Studies, 8(1): 124-133.‏

Jones, H., & Hunter, K. O. (2016). A Reflective Hybrid Approach to Connecting Leadership Style and Stakeholder Perspective. Challenging Organizations and Society, 5(2): 950-1006.

Lucia, R. T. (2004). Distributed leadership: An exploratory study. (Doctoral Dissertation, Florida Atlantic University, 2004). Dissertation Abstracts International, AAT3159315

Macbeath J. (2005). Leadership as distributed: A matter of practice. School Leadership and Management, 25, 349–366.

Mehra, A., Smith, B. R., Dixon, A. L., & Robertson, B. (2006), “Distributed leadership in teams: the network of leadership perceptions and team performance”, The Leadership Quarterly, 17(3): 232-245.

Mohammad Davoudi, A. H., Research, S. (2015). Evaluating the shared leadership model in knowledge creation among the Faculty members of Razi University of Kermanshah (Iran). Journal of New Approaches in Educational Administration, 6(21): 123-146[In Persian].

Mohammadishahroodi, H., Nemati, M., sadeghi, F., & tabakhian, L. (2018). Investigating the Effect of Employees’ Perception of Knowledge Leadership on Knowledge Sharing with the Interface Role of Social Capital Dimensions (Case Study: Imam Khomeini Naval Academy, Noshahr). Journal of Research on Management of Teaching in Marine Sciences, 5(1): 12-28[In Persian].

Muethel, M., Gehrlein, S., & Hoegl, M. (2012). Socio-demographic factors and shared leadership behaviors in dispersed teams: Implications for human resource management. Human Resource Management, 51(4): 525-548.‏

Muethel, M., & Hoegl, M. (2011). “Shared leadership functions in geographically dispersed project teams”, in Project-Based Organizing and Strategic Management. Emerald Group Publishing, pp. 289-321.

Mcadory, A.‌ R.‌ (2004‌); Transactional and Transformational Leadership, Differences between Representative and Peer Nominated Effective University Presidents and as‌ a Function‌ of Institution Type and Presidential Gender.  Dissretation for the Doctor of Philosophy‌ College‌ of‌ William & mary.

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