بررسی ترکیبات آنتیاکسیدانی، ضدباکتریایی و ضدکپکی اسانس تفاله حاصل از گلابگیری گل محمدی بر علیه برخی باکتریها و کپکها
محورهای موضوعی : روشهای نگهداری مواد غذاییسپیده خراسانی 1 , فاطمه شهدادی 2
1 - گروه علوم و مهندسی صنایع غذایی-دانشکده کشاورزی- دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان
پژوهشکده فناوری تولیدات گیاهی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان،
2 - گروه صنایع غذایی دانشگاه جیرفت
کلید واژه: فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی, تفاله حاصل از گلاب گیری, فعالیت ضدمیکروبی, اسانس,
چکیده مقاله :
گل محمدی یکی از گونههای گل رُز است و متعلق به گیاهان خانواده روزاسه و نام علمی آنRosa damascene میباشد. فرآوردههای گوناگونی از گل محمدی تهیه میشود که از آن جمله میتوان گلاب، و اسانس یا عطر را نام برد. در این پژوهش ترکیبات فنولی، فعالیت ضدرادیکالی، ضدباکتریایی (بر علیه استافیلوکوکوس اورئوس و باسیلوس سوبتیلیس) و ضد کپکی (بر علیه آسپرژیلوس فلاووس و آسپرژیلوس پارازیتیکوس) اسانس تفاله حاصل از گلابگیری گل محمدی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. تعیین ترکیبات فنولی و فعالیت آنتیاکسیدانی بهترتیب بوسیله روشهای فولین سیوکالتو و مهار رادیکال آزاد DPPH صورت گرفت. اثر ضد باکتریایی و ضدقارچی اسانس تفاله حاصل از گلابگیری با استفاده از روش تیتراسیون رقت سریالی، برای تعیین حداقل غلظت بازدارندگی (MIC)، حداقل غلظت باکتریکشی (MBC) و حداقل غلظت قارچکشی (MFC) مورد آزمایش قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد میزان ترکیبات فنولی کل اسانس تفاله حاصل از گلابگیری 55/110 میلیگرم گالیک اسید/میلی لیتر اسانس و IC50 به میزان 5/82 میکرولیتر بر لیتر بود. با افزایش غلظت اسانس، درصد حذف رادیکالهای آزاد DPPH افزایش یافت و غلظت 1000 پیپیام اسانس دارای 4/92 درصد فعالیت مهار رادیکال آزاد DPPH بود. در بررسی تاثیر اسانس بر ویژگی های میکروبی مشخص شد که بر باکتریهای استافیلوکوکوس اورئوس و باسیلوس سوبتیلیس اثر مهاری دارد اما در مقایسه با دو آنتی بیوتیک استرپتومایسین و پنی سیلین این اثر مهاری بسیار کمتر است. همچنین مشاهده شد که اسانس تفاله حاصل از گلابگیری گل محمدی دارای اثر مهاری خوبی در برابر کپک آسپرژیلوس فلاووس هست که برابر با آنتی بیوتیک نیستاتین و بسیار بهتر از آنتیبیوتیک فلوکونازول می باشد و دارای اثرات مهاری بر علیه کپک آسپرژیلوس پارازیتیکوس است که این اثر مهاری دوبرابر آنتیبیوتیک فلوکونازول و نصف آنتیبیوتیک نیستاتین است.
In this study, phenolic compounds, anti-radical, antibacterial activity (against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis) and anti-mildew (against Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus) essential oil of rosehip extract were studied. Phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity were determined by Folin Siocalto methods and free radical scavenging of DPPH, respectively. The antibacterial and antifungal effect of pulp extract from rose water was tested by serial dilution titration method to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC). The results showed that the amount of phenolic compounds in total pulp essential oil obtained from rose water was 110.55 mg gallic acid / ml of essential oil and IC50 was 82.5 μl / l. With increasing the concentration of essential oil, the percentage of removal of DPPH free radicals increased and the concentration of 1000 ppm of essential oil had 92.4% of the free radical scavenging activity of DPPH. In the study of the effect of essential oil on microbial properties, it was found that it has an inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis, but this inhibitory effect is much less compared to the two antibiotics streptomycin and penicillin. It was also observed that the essential oil of rose-hip extract has a good inhibitory effect against Aspergillus flavus mold, which is equivalent to the antibiotic nystatin and much better than the antibiotic fluconazole, and has inhibitory effects against Aspergillus parasiticus mold. It has twice the inhibitory effect of the antibiotic fluconazole and half the antibiotic nystatin
Alizadeh, Z. & Fattahi, M. (2012). Essential oil, total phenolic, flavonoids, anthocyanins, carotenoids and antioxidant activity of cultivated Damask Rose (Rosa damascena) from Iran: With chemotyping approach concerning morphology and composition. Scientia Horticulturae, 288, 1-14.
Alizadeh, Z. & Fattahi, M. (2021). Study of active compounds and antioxidant activity of essential oil residues and pollination of 24 Mohammadi flower populations in East and West Azerbaijan: By-product. Journal of Plant Research, 26 (2): Online Publishing [In Persian].
Andogan B. C., Baydar, H. & Kaya, S. (2002). Antimicrobial activity and chemical composition ofsome essential oils. Archives of Pharmacal Research, 25, 860–4.
Babu K. G. D., Singh B., Jushi V. P. & Singh, V. (2002). Essential oil composition of Damask rose (Rosadamascena Mill) under different pressure and temprature. Flavour and Fragrance Journal 17, 136-140.
Dehghani Bidgoli, R., Abdollah Pour, Z. & Akhbari, M. (2017). The effect of two irrigation methods and two types of fertilizer on phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of rosemary extract. Journal of Medicinal Plants Ecophytochemistry, 19 (3), 13-1[In Persian].
Ghavam, M., Afzali, A. & LetiziaManca, M. (2021). Chemotype of damask rose with oleic acid (9 octadecenoic acid) and its antimicrobial effectiveness. Scientific Reports, 11, 1-7.
Gholami, S., Rahimpour Jahani, H., Abadi Bakhsh, N. & Besharti, R. (2019). Antimicrobial effect of different extracts of Rosa damascena on E. coli. Journal of North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, 11 (3), 1-4[In Persian].
Gokturk, N. & Baydarb, H. (2013). Phenolic compounds, antiradical activity andantioxidant capacity of oil-bearing rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) extracts. Industrial Crops and Products ,41, 375– 380.
Halawani, E. M. (2014). Antimicrobial activity of Rosa damascena petals extracts and chemical composition by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis. African Journal of Microbiology Research, 24, 2359–2367.
Khademi, S. & MardaniNejad, S. (2015). Investigation of antioxidant activity of some dark rose plants as a substitute for synthetic antioxidants in food industry. Food Science and Nutrition, 12 (2), 40-33[In Persian].
Mohammadi, S., Hosseini, P. & Faizi, S. (2019). Investigation of antioxidant and antibiotic properties of Golmohammadi essential oil, the 2nd Annual Tabari Student National Congress and the 22nd Annual Congress of the Student Research Committee of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari[In Persian].
Nikajima, J., Tanaka, I., Seo, S., Yamazaki, M. & Saito, K. (2004). LC/PDA/ESI/MS profiling and radical scavenging of various berries. BioMed Research International, 12, 241-247.
Ozkan, G., Sagdiç O., Baydar N.G. & Baydar, H. (2004). Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Rosa Damascena Flower Extracts. Food Science and Technology International, 10(4), 24-32.
Rao, B. R. R., Sastry, K. P., Saleem, S. M., Rao, E. V. S., Symasundra, K. V. & Ramesh, S. (2000). Volatile flower oils of three genotypes of rose scented geranium. Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 15, 105-109.
Shohayeb, M., Abdel-Hameed, E. S., Bazaid, S. A. & Maghrabi, I. (2014). Antibacterial and antifungal activity of Rosa damascenaMILL.essential oil, different extracts of rose petals. Global Journal of Pharmacology, 8(1), 1-7.
Kodori, M. R. & Tabaei-Aghdaei, S. R. (2007). Evaluation of flower yield and yield components in nine Rosa damascena Mill. Accessions of Kerman Province. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 23(1), 100-110.
Yassa, N., Masoomi, F., RohaniRankouhi, S. E. & Hadjiakhoondi, A. (2009). Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of the Extract and Essential oil of Rosa damascena from Iran, Population of Guilan. DARU, 17(3), 175-161.
Yousefi, B., Qasempour, H.R., Yousefi, B., TabaieAghdi, S. R. & Jaymand, K. (2016). Investigation of diversity in chemical compositions of essential oil 25 Mohammadi flower cultivation cultivated in Kermanshah province using multivariate statistical methods. Iranian Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 32 (1), 114-98[In Persian].
_||_Alizadeh, Z. & Fattahi, M. (2012). Essential oil, total phenolic, flavonoids, anthocyanins, carotenoids and antioxidant activity of cultivated Damask Rose (Rosa damascena) from Iran: With chemotyping approach concerning morphology and composition. Scientia Horticulturae, 288, 1-14.
Alizadeh, Z. & Fattahi, M. (2021). Study of active compounds and antioxidant activity of essential oil residues and pollination of 24 Mohammadi flower populations in East and West Azerbaijan: By-product. Journal of Plant Research, 26 (2): Online Publishing [In Persian].
Andogan B. C., Baydar, H. & Kaya, S. (2002). Antimicrobial activity and chemical composition ofsome essential oils. Archives of Pharmacal Research, 25, 860–4.
Babu K. G. D., Singh B., Jushi V. P. & Singh, V. (2002). Essential oil composition of Damask rose (Rosadamascena Mill) under different pressure and temprature. Flavour and Fragrance Journal 17, 136-140.
Dehghani Bidgoli, R., Abdollah Pour, Z. & Akhbari, M. (2017). The effect of two irrigation methods and two types of fertilizer on phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of rosemary extract. Journal of Medicinal Plants Ecophytochemistry, 19 (3), 13-1[In Persian].
Ghavam, M., Afzali, A. & LetiziaManca, M. (2021). Chemotype of damask rose with oleic acid (9 octadecenoic acid) and its antimicrobial effectiveness. Scientific Reports, 11, 1-7.
Gholami, S., Rahimpour Jahani, H., Abadi Bakhsh, N. & Besharti, R. (2019). Antimicrobial effect of different extracts of Rosa damascena on E. coli. Journal of North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, 11 (3), 1-4[In Persian].
Gokturk, N. & Baydarb, H. (2013). Phenolic compounds, antiradical activity andantioxidant capacity of oil-bearing rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) extracts. Industrial Crops and Products ,41, 375– 380.
Halawani, E. M. (2014). Antimicrobial activity of Rosa damascena petals extracts and chemical composition by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis. African Journal of Microbiology Research, 24, 2359–2367.
Khademi, S. & MardaniNejad, S. (2015). Investigation of antioxidant activity of some dark rose plants as a substitute for synthetic antioxidants in food industry. Food Science and Nutrition, 12 (2), 40-33[In Persian].
Mohammadi, S., Hosseini, P. & Faizi, S. (2019). Investigation of antioxidant and antibiotic properties of Golmohammadi essential oil, the 2nd Annual Tabari Student National Congress and the 22nd Annual Congress of the Student Research Committee of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari[In Persian].
Nikajima, J., Tanaka, I., Seo, S., Yamazaki, M. & Saito, K. (2004). LC/PDA/ESI/MS profiling and radical scavenging of various berries. BioMed Research International, 12, 241-247.
Ozkan, G., Sagdiç O., Baydar N.G. & Baydar, H. (2004). Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Rosa Damascena Flower Extracts. Food Science and Technology International, 10(4), 24-32.
Rao, B. R. R., Sastry, K. P., Saleem, S. M., Rao, E. V. S., Symasundra, K. V. & Ramesh, S. (2000). Volatile flower oils of three genotypes of rose scented geranium. Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 15, 105-109.
Shohayeb, M., Abdel-Hameed, E. S., Bazaid, S. A. & Maghrabi, I. (2014). Antibacterial and antifungal activity of Rosa damascenaMILL.essential oil, different extracts of rose petals. Global Journal of Pharmacology, 8(1), 1-7.
Kodori, M. R. & Tabaei-Aghdaei, S. R. (2007). Evaluation of flower yield and yield components in nine Rosa damascena Mill. Accessions of Kerman Province. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 23(1), 100-110.
Yassa, N., Masoomi, F., RohaniRankouhi, S. E. & Hadjiakhoondi, A. (2009). Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of the Extract and Essential oil of Rosa damascena from Iran, Population of Guilan. DARU, 17(3), 175-161.
Yousefi, B., Qasempour, H.R., Yousefi, B., TabaieAghdi, S. R. & Jaymand, K. (2016). Investigation of diversity in chemical compositions of essential oil 25 Mohammadi flower cultivation cultivated in Kermanshah province using multivariate statistical methods. Iranian Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 32 (1), 114-98[In Persian].