The Role of Shifts in Translation: The Case of English Language vs. Persian Language
DOR: 20.1001.1.23223898.2021.9.37.15.3

Subject Areas :

Maryam Mohseni ¹

1 - Faculty of Persian Literature and Foreign Languages, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Received: 2021-02-03 Accepted : 2021-06-21 Published : 2021-10-01

Keywords: Lexicon, Linguistic analysis, micro structure, shifts, macro structure,

Abstract :

The aim of this paper was to investigate the application of different types of shifts and their influence in translation in various languages, especially English and Persian Languages. To this purpose, the researcher attempted to benefit from various approaches of shift analysis such as grammar, style, and pragmatics relevant to the proposed study, based on the translation strategies proposed by Vinay and Darbelnet (1995), that is, direct translation, oblique translation strategies and their subgroups at the three levels of lexicon, structure, and message. The researcher also conducted a detailed linguistic analysis of the structure in both English and Persian Languages commonly referred to as the analysis of micro-structure and the analysis of macro- structure. The obtained results revealed that the occurrence of shifts in translation reflects the translator’s awareness of the linguistic and the non-linguistic discrepancies between SL and TL. In fact, shifts turn out to be as problem-solving strategies to minimize the inevitable loss of meaning when rendering a text from one language into another, and preference between different types of shifts at different levels requires various types of equivalence in translation.

References:

Ager, S. (2008). Omniglot-writing systems and languages of the world. Retrieved January, 27, 2008.

Baker, C., & Jones, S. P. (1998). Encyclopedia of bilingualism and bilingual education: Multilingual Matters.

Baldinger, K. (1980). Semantic Theory. New York: St. In: Martin's Press.

Berry, H., M. (1999). Introduction to Systemic Linguistics 2. and Links. Batsford and Sons.

Brown, K., & Miller, J. (1980). Syntax: A linguistic introduction to sentence structure: Routledge.

Catford, J. C. (1965). A Linguistic Theory of Translation; an Essay in Applied Linguistics: By JC Catford: Oxford UP.

Catford, J. C. (1974). A linguistic theory of translation: Oxford University Press.

Cyrus, L. (2006). Building a resource for studying translation shifts. arXiv preprint cs/0606096.

Halliday, M. A., & Firth. (1957). Language theory and translation practice. In: Campanotto Editore Udine.

Hatim, B. (2001). Teaching and Researching Translation, Harlow. In: Longman/Pearson Education Limited.

Hatim, B., & Mason, I. (1990). Discourse and the Translator: Routledge.

Muir, J. (1992). A modern approach to English grammar: an introduction to systemic grammar: London: Batsford.

Munday, J. (2001). Introducing translation studies: Theories and applications: Routledge.

Nida, E. A. (1984). Toward a science of translation: Brill Leiden.

Popovič, A. (1980). The concept “shift of expression” in translation analysis. In The nature of translation (pp. 78-88): De Gruyter Mouton.

Snell-Hornby, M. (1988). Translation studies: An integrated approach: John Benjamins Publishing.

Van Leuven-Zwart, K. (1989). Translation and original: Similarities and dissimilarities, I. Target. International Journal of Translation Studies, 1(2), 151-181.

Van Leuven-Zwart, K. (1990). Translation and original: Similarities and dissimilarities, II. Target. International Journal of Translation Studies, 2(1), 69-95.

Vinay, J.-P., & Darbelnet, J. (1995). Comparative stylistics of French and English: A methodology for translation (Vol. 11): John Benjamins Publishing.