ارزش‌گذاری اقتصادی کارکرد تفرج‌گاهی پارک ساحلی اهواز با استفاده از روش هزینه سفر انفرادی
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت محیط زیستعباس عبدشاهی 1 , ابراهیم انسان 2
1 - استادیار اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان *(نویسنده مسوول).
2 - دانشجوی کارشناسی اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان.
کلید واژه: روش هزینه سفر انفرادی, ارزش‌گذاری, تفرج‌گاه, پارک ساحلی اهواز,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: با توجه به تقاضای روز افزون مردم برای تفرج‌گاه ها و مراکز تفریحی، تحلیل های اقتصادی و اجتماعی و بررسی کامل خواسته های مردم جهت فراهم نمودن امکانات و تسهیلات لازم، امری ضروری است. هدف این تحقیق برآورد ارزش تفرج‌گاهی پارک ساحلی اهواز به عنوان یکی از مهم‌ترین مراکز تفریحی مردم خوزستان و بالاخص شهر اهواز می‌باشد. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه از روش هزینه سفر انفرادی استفاده شده که می تواند به عنوان ابزاری موثر در برنامه ریزی و مدیریت طرح های توسعه ای مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. در این روش، رابطه بین تعداد بازدیدهای هر شخص در طول یک سال از یک تفرج‌گاه، هزینه سفر انفرادی هر فرد و متغیرهای اقتصادی- اجتماعی برآورد گردید. بدین منظور، تعداد 234 پرسش‌نامه در سال 1391 از بازدیدکنندگان پارک تکمیل گردید. یافته‌ها: نتایج مطالعه نشان داد که متغیر سن افراد علی رغم داشتن علامت مورد انتظار، تاثیر معنی‌داری بر تعداد بازدیدها نداشته است. در حالی که متغیر درآمد و تحصیلات افراد اثر مثبت و هزینه سفر اثر منفی معنی داری بر تعداد بازدید افراد از پارک ساحلی داشتند. ارزش تفریحی پارک ساحلی برای هر فرد در طول سال معادل 157885 ریال و کل ارزش تفریحی سالانه پارک 1342022500 ریال برآورد گردید. بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: از آن‌جا که نتایج نشان‌دهنده ی ارزش قابل توجه اقتصادی پارک ساحلی برای ساکنان شهر اهواز است، بایستی به تدوین طرح توسعه گردشگری آن مبادرت نمود. جهت گیری سیاست ها بایستی براساس توسعه تفرج‌گاه ها و پارک های شهری با حفظ استانداردهای محیط‌زیستی و ایجاد ساز و کارهایی برای بازگشت سرمایه باشد.
Background and Objective: According to the increasing demand for recreational and entertainment centers, economic and social analysis and investigating human needs providing possibilities and facilities is neccesary. The main objective of this study is to estimate the recreational value of Ahwaz Beach Park as an important entertainment center of Khuzestan people especially Ahwaz city. Method: Individual Travel Cost Method as an effective method in planning and managing development projects was used in this study. Individual visits are as dependent and individual travel cost and socio-economic variables are independent variables. Needed data were collected in 1391 by completing 234 questionnaires from visitors of the site. Findings: The results indicated that the age of visitors has an acceptable but insignificant effect on numbers of visits. On the other hand, the variables of education and income have a positive effect and travel cost has a negative effect on visits. Recreational value of Beach Park was estimated about 157885 Rials per person and 1342022500 Rials for a year in total. Discussion and Conclusion: Since the results indicate the significant economic value of Beach Park, it is necessary to codify its tourism development plan. Policies should be based on development of recreations and urban Parks with maintaining high environmental standards and creating mechanisms for capital return.
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- Topak, M., 1999. Economic value of Turkish forests. AGM Research and Development (Ar-Ge), Vol. 23, pp. 8-16.
- Pak, M. and Fehmi Turker, M., 2006. Estimation of recreational use value of forest resources by using Individual Travel Cost and Contingent Valuation Methods (Kayabasi Forest Recreation Site Sample). Journal of Applied Science, Vol. 6, pp. 1-5.
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- Amirnezhad, H. and Moayyedian, S. M. J., 2015. Estimating the economic value of environmental pleasantness of Isfahan Soffeh park (Revealed and stated approaches of Individual Travelling Cost). Journal of Economics and Agricultural Development. Vol. 1, pp. 20-30. (In Persian).
- Saleh, I., Bastani, M. and Abedi, S., 2015. Estimating economic value of natural recreation using Travelling Cost (Case study of Fateh park). Economic Researches and Agricultural Development of Iran. Vol. 2, pp. 385-393.
- Rolfeh, J. and Prayaga, P., 2007. Estimating values for recreational fishing at freshwater dams in Queensland. The Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resources Economics, Vol. 51, pp. 157-174.
- Fleming, C. M. and Cook, A., 2008. The recreational value of lake McKenzie, Fraser Island: An application of the Travel Cost Method. Tourism Management, Vol. 29(2), pp. 1197-1205.
- Spacek, J. and Antouskova, M., 2013. Individual Single-Site Travel Cost Model for Czech Paradise Geopark. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, Vol. 7, pp. 2851-2858.
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- Grilli, G., Pletto, A. and Meo, I. D., 2015. Economic valuation of forest recreation in an Alpine valley. Baltic Forestry, Vol. 20(1), pp.167-175.
- Bhatt, M. S. and Bhatt, M.Y., 2016. Valuation of national parks: An Individual Travel Cost approach. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, Vol. 3(3), pp. 7-12.
- Informative website of Ahwaz Municipality. ANtural charastristics of Ahwaz. http://www.ahvaz.ir (In Persian).
- Bateman, I. J., 1993. Valuation of the environment, methods and techniques: revealed preferences method. (Bellhaven Press), London.
- Nillesen, E., Wesseler, J. and Cook, A., 2005. Estimating the recreational-use value for hiking in Bellenden Ker National Park. Journal of Environmental Management, Vol. 36, pp. 311-316.
- Lansdell, N. and Gangadharan, L., 2003. Comparing Travel Cost Models and the precision of their consumer surplus estimates: Albert park and Maroondah Reservoir. Australian Economic Papers, Vol. 42, pp. 399-417.
- Mendes, I., 2002. Travel and on Site recreation time: An empirical approach to value the recreation benefits of Peneda-Geres National park,” IATUR's 2002 Conference, 16th - 18th October, Lisbon. Available on: www.pascal.iseg.utl.pt.
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- Asafu-Adjaye, J., 2005. Environmental economicsfor non-economists. World Scientific.
- Turner, R. K., Pearce, D. W., and Bateman, I., 1993. Environmental economics: An elementary introduction. Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press.
- Topak, M., 1999. Economic value of Turkish forests. AGM Research and Development (Ar-Ge), Vol. 23, pp. 8-16.
- Pak, M. and Fehmi Turker, M., 2006. Estimation of recreational use value of forest resources by using Individual Travel Cost and Contingent Valuation Methods (Kayabasi Forest Recreation Site Sample). Journal of Applied Science, Vol. 6, pp. 1-5.
- Izadi, J. and Barzgar, S., 2011. Investigating the methods of economic valuation in analyzing urban environmental problems. The First Conference on Urban Economics. Autumn of 2011. Mshhad, Iran. (In Persian)
- Eisazadeh, S., Jalili Kamjoo, P., Madadi, S. and Mahmudinia, D., 2012. Evaluating the Non-market Goods Based on Stated Preferences Approaches. Journal of Natural Resources. Vol. 1, pp. 21-36. (In Persian).
- Fix, P. and Loomis, J., 1998. Comparing the economic value of mountain biking estimated using revealed and stated preferences. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management. Vol. 41(12), pp. 227-236.
- Carison, R. T., Flores, N., Martin, K. M.and Wright, J. L., 1996. Contingent valuation and revealed preferences methodologies: Comparing the estimates for quasi-public goods. Land Economics, Vol. 72(1), pp. 80-99.
- Pajuhan, J. and Falihi, N., 2008. Economic evaluation of environmental resources recreational services, the case study of Anzali wetland. EconomicResearches. No. 1, PP. 141-171. (In Persian).
- Jauzi, S. A., Rezaeian, S., Iran Khahi, M. and Shakeri, M., 2009. Economic evaluation of Shahdad county of Kerman recreasional resources for presenting ecotourism development strategic plan. Natural Environment. No. 4, pp. 329-354. (In Persian).
- Karami, R. and Amiri, M., 2015. Recreational valuation of Zabol semi-deep well using Individual Trevelling Cost. Sciences and Engineering of Environment. Vol. 3. pp. 59-67. (In Persian).
- Amirnezhad, H. and Moayyedian, S. M. J., 2015. Estimating the economic value of environmental pleasantness of Isfahan Soffeh park (Revealed and stated approaches of Individual Travelling Cost). Journal of Economics and Agricultural Development. Vol. 1, pp. 20-30. (In Persian).
- Saleh, I., Bastani, M. and Abedi, S., 2015. Estimating economic value of natural recreation using Travelling Cost (Case study of Fateh park). Economic Researches and Agricultural Development of Iran. Vol. 2, pp. 385-393.
- Rolfeh, J. and Prayaga, P., 2007. Estimating values for recreational fishing at freshwater dams in Queensland. The Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resources Economics, Vol. 51, pp. 157-174.
- Fleming, C. M. and Cook, A., 2008. The recreational value of lake McKenzie, Fraser Island: An application of the Travel Cost Method. Tourism Management, Vol. 29(2), pp. 1197-1205.
- Spacek, J. and Antouskova, M., 2013. Individual Single-Site Travel Cost Model for Czech Paradise Geopark. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, Vol. 7, pp. 2851-2858.
- Syamsul Herman, M. A., Ahmad, S., Ramachandrans, S. and Rusli, Y., 2013. Recreational economic value of the Perlis State park, Malaysia: An application of zonal travel cost method. Petranika Journal of Tropical Agricultural Science, Vol. 63(s), pp. 295-310.
- Khan, H., Ali, F., Khan, H., Shah, M. and Shoukat, S., 2014. Estimating willingness to pay for recreational services of two public parks in Peshawar, Pakistan. Environmental Economics, Vol. 5(1), pp. 21-26.
- Grilli, G., Pletto, A. and Meo, I. D., 2015. Economic valuation of forest recreation in an Alpine valley. Baltic Forestry, Vol. 20(1), pp.167-175.
- Bhatt, M. S. and Bhatt, M.Y., 2016. Valuation of national parks: An Individual Travel Cost approach. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, Vol. 3(3), pp. 7-12.
- Informative website of Ahwaz Municipality. ANtural charastristics of Ahwaz. http://www.ahvaz.ir (In Persian).
- Bateman, I. J., 1993. Valuation of the environment, methods and techniques: revealed preferences method. (Bellhaven Press), London.
- Nillesen, E., Wesseler, J. and Cook, A., 2005. Estimating the recreational-use value for hiking in Bellenden Ker National Park. Journal of Environmental Management, Vol. 36, pp. 311-316.
- Lansdell, N. and Gangadharan, L., 2003. Comparing Travel Cost Models and the precision of their consumer surplus estimates: Albert park and Maroondah Reservoir. Australian Economic Papers, Vol. 42, pp. 399-417.
- Mendes, I., 2002. Travel and on Site recreation time: An empirical approach to value the recreation benefits of Peneda-Geres National park,” IATUR's 2002 Conference, 16th - 18th October, Lisbon. Available on: www.pascal.iseg.utl.pt.