اندازه گیری میزان غلظت عناصر سنگین در بافت عضله ماهی کلمه (Rutilus rutilus caspicus Yakovlev, 1870) (مطالعه موردی: رودخانه سیاه درویشان، استان گیلان)

محورهای موضوعی : محیط زیست حوزه های آبخیز رودخانه ها

محمد اتفاق دوست ¹ , حمید علاف نویریان ²

1 - دانشجوی دکتری گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گیلان، صومعه سرا، گیلان، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - دانشیار گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گیلان، صومعه سرا، گیلان، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت : 1398/02/01 تاریخ پذیرش : 1398/06/06 تاریخ انتشار : 1399/08/01

کلید واژه: عناصر سمی و ضروری, بافت عضله, ماهی کلمه, جذب اتمی,

چکیده مقاله :

زمینه و هدف: عنصرهای سنگین به دلیل برخورداری از ماهیتی تخریب ناپذیر، زمینه ساز تهدیدی جدی برای سلامت آبزیان و همچنین انسان ها در صورت تجمع یافتن سطح غلظت بالایی از آن ها در بافت موجودات آبزی است. به همین منظور مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعیین مقدار و ترتیب غلظت عناصر تجمع یافته در بافت عضله ماهی کلمه رودخانه سیاه درویشان به عنوان یکی از گونه ماهیان برخوردار از ارزش بالای اقتصادی و همینطور تعیین میزان سلامت بهداشتی آن به منظور مصارف تغذیه انسانی، انجام پذیرفته است. روش بررسی: در مطالعه کنونی، مقدار غلظت یازده عنصر (سرب، جیوه، کروم، مس، روی، کادمیوم، آرسنیک، آهن، منگنز، نیکل و سلنیوم) در بافت عضله 25 عدد ماهی کلمه (Rutilus rutilus caspicus) صید شده به کمک تور پرتابی سالیک از رودخانه سیاه درویشان استان گیلان در تابستان سال 95 پس از بهره گیری روش هضم بسته در دستگاه هضم کننده مایکروویو CEM، به وسیله دستگاه طیف سنجی جذب اتمی Varian مورد سنجش و بررسی قرار گرفتند. یافته ها: مقدار کمترین و بیشترین عنصرهای تجمع شده به ترتیب: روی 53/33-58/30، آهن 89/20-63/18، مس 24/4-54/3، منگنز 86/1-55/1، سرب 83/0-81/0، آرسنیک 79/0-74/0، نیکل 61/0-56/0، سلنیوم 51/0-46/0، کادمیوم 32/0-26/0، کروم 16/0-13/0 و جیوه 091/0-078/0 میکروگرم بر گرم وزن خشک، بود. بحث و نتیجه گیری: نتایج نشان داد، میانگین غلظت همه عناصر بافت عضله ماهی کلمه به غیر از پنج عنصر سنگین نیکل (026/0±584/0)، آرسنیک (027/0±764/0)، کادمیوم (024/0±296/0)، منگنز (166/0±665/1) و سرب (011/0±817/0)، کم تر از حد مجاز استاندارد تأیید شده توسط سازمان بین المللی FAO/WHO است.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Background and Objective: Heavy elements, due to their indissoluble structure, pose a serious threat to the health of aquatic animals as well as humans at high level of concentrations in aquatic tissues. For this purpose, the present study aims to investigate concentration and order of elements accumulated in the muscle tissue of Caspian roach (Rutilus rutilus caspicus) in Siah Darvishan River as one of the fish species with high economic value and also the determination of its health for human consumption. Method: In this study, concentration level of eleven heavy elements (Pb, Hg, Cr, Cu, Zn, Cd, As, Fe, Mn, Ni and Se) in muscle tissue of 25 Caspian roach (Rutilus rutilus caspicus) caught by cast net from Siah Darvishan River (Guilan province, Iran) in summer 2016 were digested with closed-vessel method in CEM microwave digestion system afterwards measured and evaluated using by Varian® atomic absorption spectroscopy. Findings: The least and most accumulated elements have been observed, as follows: Zinc 30.58-33.53, Iron 18.63-20.89, Copper 3.54-4.24, Manganese 1.55-1.86, Lead 0.81-0.83, Arsenic 0.74-0.79, Nickel 0.56-0.61, Selenium 0.46-0.51, Cadmium 0.26-0.32, Chromium 0.13-0.16 and Mercury 0.079-0.095 microgram per gram dry weight, respectively. Discussion and Conclusion: The results show that, mean concentrations of all elements in muscle tissue of Caspian roach, except the five heavy elements; Nickel (0.584±0.026), Arsenic (0.764±0.027), Cadmium (0.296±0.024), Manganese (1.665±0.166) and Lead (0.817±0.011), were below than the standard approved by the international organization (FAO/WHO).  

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