ارزیابی قابلیت اراضی برای توسعه کشاورزی و مرتعداری (مطالعه موردی: حوضه آب خیز سد تاجیار استان آذربایجان شرقی)
محورهای موضوعی :
آمایش سرزمین
مرضیه علی خواه اصل
1
(استادیار، گروه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات))
نفیسه رضاپور اندبیلی
2
(کارشناسی ارشد رشته محیط زیست، گروه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه پیام نور، مرکز تهران شرق، ایران.)
تاریخ دریافت : 1395/10/08
تاریخ پذیرش : 1395/11/27
تاریخ انتشار : 1400/12/01
کلید واژه:
سد تاجیار,
AHP,
کشاورزی – مرتعداری,
ارزیابی قابلیت اراضی,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: در عصر حاضر که انواع تغییرات در محیط طبیعی ایجاد شده است، باید جهت دست‌یابی به توسعه پایدار، برنامه ریزی و مدیریت سرزمین بر اساس توان بالفعل و بالقوه آن صورت پذیرد. هدف از این مطالعه ارزیابی توان اکولوژیک برای کاربری های کشاورزی و مرتعداری و بررسی میزان انطباق کاربری های فعلی کشاورزی و مرتعداری با توان اکولوژیک منطقه برای کاربری های مذکور می باشد.روش بررسی: در این پژوهش، ابتدا با بررسی منابع مختلف و کسب استانداردها، معیارها و زیرمعیارها انتخاب شدند. معیارهای اصلی مورداستفاده در این مطالعه، عبارتند از: نقشه های خاک‌شناسی، سنگ شناسی، توپوگرافی، اقلیم، پوشش گیاهی، میزان آب و کاربری اراضی. سپس، با استفاده از طراحی و توزیع پرسش‌نامه‌هایی، لایه ها مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند و توسط فرایند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی و ماتریس مقایسات دوتایی، وزن دهی شدند. درنهایت، کلیه‌ی لایه‌ها با استفاده از روش ترکیب خطی وزن‌دار تلفیق شدند و نقشه ی نهایی توان اکولوژیک منطقه به دست آمد.یافته ها: در نقشه نهایی قابلیت اراضی برای توسعه کشاورزی و مرتعداری که در سال 1394 تهیه گردید، طبقات 1 و 2 و 7 کاربری های مذکور وجود ندارد به دلیل این‌که در منطقه مورد مطالعه محدودیت های توپوگرافی بیش از بقیه معیارها، امکان انجام کشاورزی درجه 1 و 2 را سلب می کند و از نظر معیارهای مرتعداری، تا طبقه 3 مرتعداری را می توان در محدوده مورد مطالعه مشاهده نمود. کشاورزی درجه 3 با 9/31 درصد، بیش‌ترین و مرتعداری درجه 3 با 5/11 درصد، کم‌ترین مقدار را از نظر درجه تناسب سرزمین دارا می باشند.بحث و نتیجه گیری: یافته ها حاکی از آن است که تلفیق فرایند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی و سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی، دارای قابلیت بالایی جهت ارزیابی توان اکولوژیک اراضی برای کاربری های کشاورزی مرتعداری می باشد. و با توجه به این‌که حوضه آبخیز سد تاجیار دارای پتانسیل لازم برای توسعه فعالیت های کشاورزی و مرتعداری می باشد، در صورت بهره برداری متناسب با توان اکولوژیک، مردم بومی منطقه از اثرات رونق اقتصادی این فعالیت ها منتفع خواهند گردید.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Background and Objective: In the present era that a variety of changes in the natural environment has been created, we are obliged to plan and manage land on the basis of the actual and potential of study areaʼs land to achieve sustainable development. The aim of this study is to evaluate the ecological potential for agriculture, range management and determine the consistency of current account agriculture, range management with ecological potential users of this area.Material and Methodology: In this research, first by looking at the different sources and standards, criteria and sub-criteria were selected. The main criteria used in this study include: Soil maps, geology, topography, climate, vegetation, water and land use. Then, layers were evaluated by designing and distributing questionnaires and were weighed by AHP and binary comparison matrix. Finally, all the layers were combined using a weighted linear combination method and the final ecological map can be obtained.Findings: In the final map for the development of agriculture and pasture lands that were taken in 1394, there is not classes 1, 2 and 7of agriculture - range management applications in the final map of these users because the topography, over the rest of the criteria limits the possibility of the agricultural grade 1 and 2 in the study area and from the perspective of range management standards, to the 3rd floor can be seen in the study area. Agricultural Grade 3 is the highest with 31.9% and pasture Grade 3 is the lowest with 11.5% of the land proportion .Discussion and Conclusion: The findings suggest that the combination of AHP and GIS has a high potential for ecological capability evaluation of land for agricultural - range management applications and given that Tajyar dam basin has the potential to develop agricultural activities and pasture In case of exploitation in line with the ecological, local people will be benefited from the effects of the economic expansion of these activities.
منابع و مأخذ:
Jafari Nejad, Mohsen, Farhangi, Mohammad, Khanpour, Fatemeh, 2012. Economic Evaluation of Environmental Gifts of Gomishan International Wetland by Conditional Method (CVM) to Determine Conservation Applications, Journal of Conservation and Exploitation of Natural Resources, No.1.(In Persian)
Bayat, Baqer, Motkan, Ali Akbar, Rahmani, Bijan, Arabi, Behnaz, 2011. Comprehensive land use planning and land management in urban catchments using GIS - Case study: Mahdasht catchment, Journal of Environmental Management, Summer No. 13.(In Persian)
Mendas, A., Delali, A., 2012. Integration of multicriteria decision analysis in GIS to develop land suitability for agriculture: Application to durum wheat cultivation in the region of Mleta in Algeria. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, vol. 83,pp. 117-126.
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Nasiri, H., Alavi Panah, S.K., Matinfar, H.R., Azizi, A., Hamzeh, M., 2000. Implementation of agricultural ecological model with PROMETHEE II and Fuzzy AHP approach in GIS environment (Case study: Marvdasht city), 2012, "Environmental Studies", year thirty-eight, number 3, autumn 91, pages 122-109.8.(In Persian)
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14-Jozi, Ali, Ebadzadeh, Farkhondeh, 2013. Evaluation of ecological potential for establishing rangeland land use with multi-criteria decision making Case study: Deli Bagh Malek watershed in Khuzestan, Environmental Science and Engineering, No. 1.(In Persian)
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Jafari Nejad, Mohsen, Farhangi, Mohammad, Khanpour, Fatemeh, 2012. Economic Evaluation of Environmental Gifts of Gomishan International Wetland by Conditional Method (CVM) to Determine Conservation Applications, Journal of Conservation and Exploitation of Natural Resources, No.1.(In Persian)
Bayat, Baqer, Motkan, Ali Akbar, Rahmani, Bijan, Arabi, Behnaz, 2011. Comprehensive land use planning and land management in urban catchments using GIS - Case study: Mahdasht catchment, Journal of Environmental Management, Summer No. 13.(In Persian)
Mendas, A., Delali, A., 2012. Integration of multicriteria decision analysis in GIS to develop land suitability for agriculture: Application to durum wheat cultivation in the region of Mleta in Algeria. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, vol. 83,pp. 117-126.
Moharamnejad, N., Laghai, H.S., Arjmandi, R., Alesheikh, A., Bahmanpour, H., 2013. Ecologic capability evaluation of outdoor recreation by integrating geographic information system (GIS) and index overlaying (IO). Arab J Sci Eng, vol. 38,pp. 121–134.
Feizizadeh, B, Haji Mirrahimi, M, 2008. Application of remote sensing data in the extraction of land use maps, Geomatics Conference 87,Tehran, Iran.(In Persian)
Karami, Omid, Hosseini, Mohammad, 2013, Application of Hierarchical Analysis Process and Geographic Information System in Assessing Land Capacity of Babolrood Watershed for Range Management, Iranian Journal of Range and Desert Research, Volume 20, Number 1.(In Persian)
Mishra, A, Deep, SH, Choudhary, A, 2015, Identification of suitable sites for organic farming using AHP & GIS, The Egyptian Journal of Remote Sensing and Space Sciences, Vol. 18, PP. 1-13.
Thapa, R., Murayama, Y., 2008. Land evaluation for peri-urban agriculture using analytical hierarchical process and geographic information system techniques: A case study of Hanoi. Land Use Policy, Vol. 25, pp 225-239.
Ahmadi Thani, Nasser, Balighi, Soran, Javanmard, Abdullah, Sohrabi, Mansour, ((Study and comparison of ecological potential and current uses in the lands of southern Urmia based on the principles of land management, Journal of Agricultural Knowledge and Sustainable Production, 2014, No. 1.(In Persian)
Nasiri, H., Alavi Panah, S.K., Matinfar, H.R., Azizi, A., Hamzeh, M., 2000. Implementation of agricultural ecological model with PROMETHEE II and Fuzzy AHP approach in GIS environment (Case study: Marvdasht city), 2012, "Environmental Studies", year thirty-eight, number 3, autumn 91, pages 122-109.8.(In Persian)
Bandari, Khosrow, Aji Chay catchment plan, Tajiar project, 1999.(In Persian)
Makhdoom, Majid, ((Land use planning foundation)), tenth edition, University of Tehran Press, 2010, Chapter Six.(In Persian)
Makhdoom, Majid, Darvish Sefat, Ali Asghar, Jafarzadeh, Horfer, Makhdoom, Abdolreza, 2009. Environmental Assessment and Planning with Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Fourth Edition, University of Tehran Press, Chapter Two.(In Persian)
14-Jozi, Ali, Ebadzadeh, Farkhondeh, 2013. Evaluation of ecological potential for establishing rangeland land use with multi-criteria decision making Case study: Deli Bagh Malek watershed in Khuzestan, Environmental Science and Engineering, No. 1.(In Persian)
Onagh, Majid, Ghangreh, Abdul Azim, Abedi, Godrat. 2006. Land use management program of the southeastern shores of the Caspian Sea, Gorgan Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, No. 37.
Safarzadeh, Mansour. 2013. Study of ecological potential of small tea catchment and adjacent basins with emphasis on hydrogeomorphology)), Islamic Azad University, Ahar Branch, pp. 20-35.
Yavuz, F., Baycan, T., 2013. Use of swot and analytic hierarchy process integration as a participatory decision making tool in watershed management. Procedia Technology, Vol. 8, pp. 134-143.
Bagheri, M., Sulaiman, W., Vaghefi, N., 2013. Application of geographic information system technique and analytical hierarchy process model for land-use suitability analysis on coastal area. J Coast Conserv, Vol. 17,pp. 1-10.
Satty, T., Ozdemir, M., 2003. Negative priorities in the analytic hierarchy process. Mathematical and Computer Modelling, Vol. 37,pp. 1063-1075.
Aji Chay catchment plan, Environmental Protection Organization, Natural Environment, 2013.(In Persian)
Report of the first phase studies, meteorology and hydrology of the Regional Water Department of East Azerbaijan Province, 2000.(In Persian)
Norouzi Avargani, Asghar, Nouri, Seyed Hedayatollah, Kiani Salmi, Sedigheh, (Assessment of Environmental Capacities for Agricultural Development Case Study: Choghakhor District, Borujen County, Rural Research Quarterly, Summer 2010, Volume 1, Number 2.(In Persian)
Akinci, H., Özalp, A., Turgut, B., 2013. Agricultural land use suitability analysis using GIS and AHP technique. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, Vol. 97,pp. 71–82.
