شناسایی و الگوی پراکنش دیاتومه های بنتیک و مونوفیلتیک "راسته های Surirellales و Rhopalodiales" در خور مصب لافت-خمیر
محورهای موضوعی : بیولوژی دریا
نفیسه حسنی
1
,
سید محمد رضا فاطمی
2
,
افشین دانه کار
3
,
پرگل قوام‌مصطفوی
4
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رضوان موسوی ندوشن
5
*
1 - دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده موضوعی کشاورزی، آب، غذا و فراسودمندها، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آز اد اسلامی، تهران، تهران، ایران.
2 - استادیار، دانشکده موضوعی کشاورزی، آب، غذا و فراسودمندها، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آز اد اسلامی، تهران، تهران، ایران.
3 - دانشیار، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.
4 - دانشیار، دانشکده موضوعی کشاورزی، آب، غذا و فراسودمندها، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آز اد اسلامی، تهران، تهران، ایران.
5 - دانشیار، دانشکده علوم وفنون دریایی، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آز اد اسلامی، تهران، تهران، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
کلید واژه: میکروفیتوبنتوز, خور مصب, لافت/خمیر, دیاتومه های استوانه ای, راف, مونوفیلتیک, Surirellales, Rhopalodiales.,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: در میان دیاتومه های استوانه ای شکلRaphid Pennate) ) و براساس مبانی مورفولوژیک و ژنتیک دو راستهSurirellales وRhopalodiales ، با یکدیگر هم نیا و مونوفیلتیک بوده، گروه هایی بسیار بزرگ و متنوع را در اکوسیستم های آبی مختلف مانند آب های شیرین، خورها ، مصب ها ، آب های دریایی و به ویژه در زیستگاه های بنتیک تشکیل می دهند. در این تحقیق، به منظور شناخت کامل و دقیق از ساختار جمعیت دو راسته Surirellales وRhopalodiales ، نمونه برداری از سطح رسوبات در سه منطقه دلتایی، ساحلی و جزیره ای در مصب لافت-خمیر واقع در جزیره قشم انجام یافت.
روش بررسی: در هر منطقه سه ایستگاه انتخاب شد. نمونه برداری از پارامترهای آب (درجه حرارت، شوری، پ هاش، اکسیژن محلول، کدورت، هدایت الکتریکی و پارامترهای زیستی (میکروفیتوبنتوزها) در دو فصل سرد و گرم (فصل زمستان 1396 و فصل تابستان 1397) و در زمان جزر انجام گرفت.
یافته ها: براساس نتایج این مطالعه، از این دو راسته، 10 گونه در 6 جنس شناسایی شدند که تعداد 9 گونه متعلق به راسته Surirellales و تنها یک گونه متعلق به راسته Rhopalodiales بود. جنس Surirella با 4 گونه بیشترین تنوع گونه ای را به خود اختصاص داد و Surirella sp. با بیشترین تراکم به عنوان گونه غالب در منطقه جزیره ای و فصل سرد سال مشخص گردید.
بحث و نتیجه گیری: نتایج آنالیزهای آماری که جهت بررسی روابط بین پارامترهای زیستی و محیطی انجام شد، نشان داد که جمعیت میکروفیتوبنتوزهای راسته Surirellales، دارای پراکنش یکنواخت در مناطق دلتایی، جزیره ای، ساحلی و در فصول مورد مطالعه بودند (05/0<P) در حالی که اختلاف این جمعیت در راسته Rhopalodiales در منطقه جزیره ای با مناطق ساحلی و دلتایی معنادار بود (05/0>P) و دو راسته Surirellales و Rhopalodiales در فصول گرم نسبت به فصول سرد سال، تنوع بیشتری را در مناطق دلتایی و جزیره ای نشان دادند. همچنین بر اساس نتایج آنالیز CAP تغییرات پارامترهای دما و شوری مهمترین عوامل اثرگذار بر پراکنش گونه های solea Cymatopleura، Cymatopleura elliptica، Campylodiscus sp.، Surirella tenera، Surirella linearis، Surirella pinniger در منطقه دلتایی و تغییرات پارامترهای اکسیژن محلول مهمترین عامل اثرگذار بر پراکنش گونه Entomoneis ornata در منطقه جزیره ای مشخص گردید. و در نهایت گونه هایSurirella SP. ، Stenopterobia sigmatella به همراه Rhopalodia gibba به عنوان گونه های شاخص آبهای دارای شوری کمتر در منطقه جزیره ای مشخص شدند.
Background and Objective: Among the elongate diatoms (Raphid Pennate) and based on morphological and genetic principles, two orders “Surirellales and Rhopalodiales” are monophyletic and form very large and diverse groups in different aquatic ecosystems such as freshwater, estuaries, seawater, and especially benthic habitats. In the present study, to fully and accurately understand the community structure of the two orders Surirellales and Rhopalodiales, sediment sampling was performed in three deltaic, coastal, and island zones at Laft-Khamir estuary on Qeshm Island
Material and Methodology: three stations were selected in each region. Water parameters (temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, electrical conductivity, and total water-soluble solids), and biological parameters (microphytobenthos) were sampled in two cold and warm seasons (winter 2017 and summer 2018) during low tide time.
Findings: According to the results of this study, 10 species of these two orders were identified with 6 genera, of which 9 species belonged to the order Surirellales and only one belonged to the order Rhopalodiales. The genus Surirella with 4 species had the highest number of species and Surirella sp. with the highest density identified as the dominant species in the island zone and the cold season.
Discussion and Conclusion: The results obtained from statistical analysis that was performed to investigate the relationship between biological and environmental parameters showed that Microphytobenthos communities in the order Surirellales had a uniform distribution in deltaic, island, coastal zones in the studied seasons (P<0.05). However, there was a significant difference between the island zone and the coastal and deltaic zones in terms of communities of order Rhopalodiales (P<0.05), and the two orders Surirellales and Rhopalodiales showed more diversity in deltaic and island regions in warm seasons than in cold seasons. Additionally, based on the results of CAP analysis, changes in the parameters of temperature and salinity were recognized as the most important factors affecting the distribution of Cymatopleura, Cymatopleura elliptica, Campylodiscus sp., Surirella tenera, Surirella linearis, Surirella pinniger in the delta zones. It was also identified that changes in dissolved oxygen were the most important factors affecting the distribution of Entomoneis ornata in the island zone. Finally, Surirella sp, Stenopterobia sigmatella, and Rhopalodia gibba were identified as the dominant species in waters with lower salinity in the island zone.
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