طراحی مدلی مفهومی برای ارتقا نقش مدرسه در ایجاد سرمایه ی اجتماعی دانش آموزان مقطع ابتدایی
محورهای موضوعی : آموزش و پرورش
شهریار احمدبیگی
1
(گروه مدیریت آموزشی،دانشکده ی مدیریت و اقتصاد، علوم و تحقیقات تهران،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران ،ایران)
مصطفی اجتهادی
2
(دانشکده ی علوم انسانی،گروه علوم اجتماعی،دانشگاه شهید بهشتی،ایران)
اختر جمالی
3
(دکترای پزشکی اجتماعی،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،ستادمرکزی،تهران،ایران)
کلید واژه: مدرسه, سرمایه ساختاری, سرمایه ی اجتماعی, سرمایه ارتباطی, سرمایه شناختی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف این پژوهش ارائه ی مدلی برای ارتقای نقش مدرسه درایجادسرمایه اجتماعی دانش آموزان مقطع ابتدایی شهر تهران- منطقه یک است. روش پژوهش ازنظرهدف کاربردی وازنظرنوع داده آمیخته بود. جامعه آماری بخش کیفی پژوهش شامل صاحب نظران آموزش وپرورش وافرادذی صلاح دارای پستهای اجرایی درزمینه مدیریت منابع انسانی بودندکه بااستفاده ازروش نمونهگیری هدفمندواصل اشباع ده نفربهعنوان حجم نمونه انتخاب شد. گروه دوم ازجامعۀآماری این پژوهش، شامل معلمان مدارس غیرانتفاعی ودولتی درمقطع ابتدایی منطقه یک شهر تهران درسال تحصیلی 96-97 به تعداد 2695 نفربود. ازاین تعدادبااستفاده ازجدول مورگان وبه روش نمونه گیری طبقه ای نسبی،تعداد 400 نفربه عنوان حجم نمونه انتخاب شدند. دراین پژوهش به‌منظورگردآوری داده‌هاازروش کتابخانهای،مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته (بخش کیفی) وپرسشنامه محقق ساخته (بخش کمی) استفاده شد. مصاحبه باخبرگان بیانگرروابودن مصاحبه بودوبهمنظورمحاسبه پایایی از روش پایایی بین دو کدگذاراستفاده شدکه نتایج بیانگر پایاور وابودن مصاحبه بود. به منظوربررسی روایی پرسشنامه نیزاز روایی صوری، محتواوسازه استفاده شدو به منظور محاسبه پایایی آن نیزاز ضریب آلفای کرونباخ وپایایی ترکیبی استفاده شدکه نتایج بیانگررواوپایابودن پرسشنامه محقق ساخته بود. برای تحلیل دادههای کیفی پژوهش ازطریق تحلیل محتوااستفاده شد. دربخش کمّی نیزباتوجه به سؤالهای پژوهش ازروشهای آمارتوصیفی (میانگین،انحراف معیار،جداول توزیع فراوانی و نمودار) واستنباطی (مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری،تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی وآزمون تک نمونه‌ای) استفاده شد. نتایج نشان دادکه ارکان مدرسه درایجادسرمایه اجتماعی دانش آموزان شامل،معلم(0.51)،آموزش(0.53)،برنامه درسی(0.58)،مدیرمدرسه وکارکنان آموزشی(0.40) ومحیط مدرسه(0.51) بودند.
The aim of this study is to develop a model for promoting the role of school in creating social capital of elementary school students in Tehran-District 1. The research method was applied in terms of purpose and in terms of data type, it was mixed method. The statistical population of the qualitative part of the research consisted of experts in education and people with executive posts in the field of human resources management. The sample was selected using purposeful sampling method and saturation principle of ten people. The second group of the statistical population of this study included 2695 teachers of non-profit and governmental schools in the elementary school district 1 of Tehran, in the academic year 2017-2018. Among them, 400 samples were selected using the Morgan table and by random stratified sampling method. In this research, the library method, semi-structured interview (qualitative part) and researcher-made questionnaire (quantitative part) were used to collect data. The interview with the experts indicated that the interview was valid, and two coders used to calculate the reliability. The results indicated that the interview was valid and reliable. In order to evaluate the validity of the questionnaire, the face, content and construct validity were used. To determine the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha coefficient and combined reliability were used. Results indicated that the researcher made a valid and reliable questionnaire. Content analysis was used to analyze the qualitative data of the research. In the quantitative part, according to the research questions, descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, frequency distribution tables and graphs) and inferential (structural equation modeling, exploratory factor analysis and single sample T-test) were used. The results showed that the school's factors to creating social capital of students were teacher(0.51), education(0.53), curriculum(0.58), school principal, educational staff(0.40) and school environment(0.51).
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