بررسی تجربه کارآفرینی در دانشگاه های ایران و تاثیر آن بر بازار اشتغال به منظور ارائه مدل مناسب
محورهای موضوعی :
آموزش و پرورش
سهراب مختاری
1
,
محمد بهروزی
2
1 - دانشجوی مقطع دکتری، گروه مدیریت آموزشی، واحد رودهن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رودهن، ایران.
2 - استادیار و عضو هیات علمی، گروه مدیریت آموزشی، واحد بوشهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بوشهر، ایران.
تاریخ دریافت : 1396/12/25
تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/04/01
تاریخ انتشار : 1399/04/01
کلید واژه:
واژگان کلیدی: تجربه کارآفرینی,
بازار اشتغال,
دانش آموختگان,
چکیده مقاله :
این پژوهش با هدف ارائه مدل تجربه کارآفرینی در دانشگاه های ایران بر اساس بازار اشتغال انجام شد. روش پژوهش از نظر هدف، کاربردی؛ از نظر روش گردآوری دادهها، توصیفی-همبستگی و با توجه به هدف و ماهیت پژوهش، ترکیبی از نوع اکتشافی بود. جامعه آماری در بخش کیفی شامل همه صاحبنظران و خبرگان دانشگاهی بود که با روش نمونه گیری هدفمند 14 نفر انتخاب شدند. در بخش کمی جامعه آماری شامل کلیه فارغ التحصیلان دانشگاه های ایران زن و مرد بودند که تعداد آنان 856000 نفر بود که با استفاده از روش نمونه گیری تصادفی خوشهای چند مرحلهای و جدول مورگان 383 نفر به عنوان حجم نمونه درنظر گرفته شد. بهمنظور گردآوری دادهها از مصاحبه و پرسشنامه استفاده شد. برای این منظور با استفاده از مصاحبه با خبرگان، شاخص ها و مولفه های تجربه کارآفرینی، شاخص ها و مولفه های اثرگذار بر تجربه کارآفرینی، شاخص ها و مولفه های بازار اشتغال و شاخص ها و مولفه های اثرگذار بر بازار اشتغال شناسایی و بر این اساس پرسشنامه طراحی شد. تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها در مرحله کیفی با استفاده از تحلیل محتوا و فرآیند کدگذاری صورت گرفت و در مرحله کمی نیز تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها در دو قسمت آمار توصیفی (میانگین، انحراف معیار و ..) و آمار استنباطی (معادلات ساختاری و آزمون تی) و با استفاده از نرم افزارهای (اس پی اس اس) واموس انجام شد.وضعیت مطلوب مولفه های شناسایی شده تجربه کارآفرینی در دانشگاه های ایران و عوامل شناسایی شده موثر بر تجربه کارآفرینی در حد مطلوبی نبود.
چکیده انگلیسی:
The purpose of this study was to present a model of entrepreneurship experience in Iranian universities based on employment market. The research method was applied in terms of purpose; in terms of data collection, it was descriptive-correlational and according to the purpose and nature of the research, it was a combination of exploratory. The statistical population in the qualitative section consisted of all academic experts and experts who were selected by purposeful sampling method. In the quantitative part of the statistical population, all the male and female graduates of Iranian universities were 856352 persons. Using multistage cluster random sampling method and Morgan table 383 persons were considered as sample size. . Data analysis was done in qualitative stage using content analysis and coding process and in quantitative stage data were analyzed in two parts: descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, etc.) and inferential statistics (structural equations). T-test and SPSS software were performed.. The desirable status of the identified components of entrepreneurship experience in Iranian universities and the identified factors affecting the entrepreneurial experience were not satisfactory.
منابع و مأخذ:
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