Journal of Crop Nutrition Science: 2 (1)

Open Access Article

1 - Assessment of Terminal Heat Stress and Nitrogen on Grain Yield and Yield Com-ponents of Canola.
Ali Hamdi Shengri Aziz Karmollachaab Abdolmehdi Bakhshandeh Mohammad Hossain Gharineh Ghodratolah Fathi Faraj Saadi Al kasir

In order to study the effects of terminal heat stress and nitrogen on morphophysiological characteristics, ANUE (Agronomical Nitrogen Use Efficiency) and yield of canola, an experiment was conducted at research farm of Ramin Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources u More

In order to study the effects of terminal heat stress and nitrogen on morphophysiological characteristics, ANUE (Agronomical Nitrogen Use Efficiency) and yield of canola, an experiment was conducted at research farm of Ramin Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources university. The experiment was arranged in split plots based on randomized complete block design with four replications. Main plots included three N fertilizer levels consisted of 90, 180, and 270 kg.ha-1 nitrogen and control. Sub plots were considered as two sowing dates, Nov.11 (optimum condition) and Jan.26 (terminal heat stress condition). Results showed that terminal heat stress and nitrogen had significantly effect on all measured parameters while effect of nitrogen on ANUE was not significant. The two levels of 180 and 270 kg.ha-1 nitrogen had no significantly different effects on plant height, leaf number, sub branch number, LAI and ANUE. In addition, interaction effects between terminal heat stress and nitrogen was significant on some parameters. In both of optimum and terminal heat stress conditions, increase in used nitrogen led to significantly more yield. Nitrogen had no significant effect on ANUE. Decrease in nitrogen levels caused decrease of final grain yield. Also, terminal heat stress decreased grain yield about 59 percent. Our result suggested that increased nitrogen could have a positive effect on terminal heat stress tolerance of canola. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Evaluation Amino Acids and Iron Nano particles on Photosynthetic Pigments and Yield of Potato
Arash Roozbahani Sanaz Pour Ali

The presented study aimed at investigating the effect of foliar application of amino acids and nano particles and chelated iron on photosynthetic pigments and yield of potato. To this end a factorial experiment was carried out in the form of randomized complete block de More

The presented study aimed at investigating the effect of foliar application of amino acids and nano particles and chelated iron on photosynthetic pigments and yield of potato. To this end a factorial experiment was carried out in the form of randomized complete block design with three replications in 2013, in the Research Field of Natural Resources Institute in Damavand, Iran. The first factor included application and non-application of amino acid (Botamisol 45%) and the second factor included five levels of iron fertilizer: lack of iron (control), soil application of iron nano particles, foliar application of iron nano particles, soil application and foliar application of iron nano particles, soil application and foliar application of chelated iron. The results showed that the effect of both factors of amino acid and iron fertilizer on all the studied traits was significant at 1% level. Moreover the best results of the studied traits were obtained with application of different levels of amino acid compared with control treatment. Soil application and foliar application of iron nano particles, were the best treatment to achieve the best results, application of iron nano particles, either soil or foliar application had a better effect rather than chelated iron. Finally the interactive effect of amino acid and iron fertilizer indicated that application of amino acid, foliar application, and soil application of iron nano particles had the best effects on chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll, and tuber yield. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Effect of Different Levels of Nitrogen and Planting Patterns on Dry Matter Production and Growth Physiological Indices in Intercropping Maize and Sunflower
Seyed Nader Mosavian Seyed Alireza Seyed Mohammadi

This research aimed at investigating the effect of different levels of nitrogen and planting patterns on dry matter production and growth physiological indices in intercropping maize and sunflower. To do this a split plot experiment carried out based randomized complete More

This research aimed at investigating the effect of different levels of nitrogen and planting patterns on dry matter production and growth physiological indices in intercropping maize and sunflower. To do this a split plot experiment carried out based randomized complete block design with three replications in research field of Shushtar Islamic Azad University. The main plot included three levels of nitrogen as N1=50, N2=100, and N3=150 kg.ha-1 nitrogen and the sub plot included two crops monoculture (S1=Sunflower, S5=Maize) and three planting patterns (S2=25% Maize + 75% Sunflower, S3= 50% Maize + 50% Sunflower, S4= 75% Maize + 25% Sunflower). The mixture was formed based on replacement. Result revealed that the increase of nitrogen level up to 150 kg.ha-1 significantly increased plant height and total fresh weight of maize and sunflower. Planting pattern influenced maize plant height and total fresh weight of maize and sunflower. The highest TDM, height, and total fresh weight of maize and LAI and total fresh weight of sunflower belonged to the second planting pattern. Result also showed that CGR, RGR, and NAR in each plant followed the general pattern of these indices and the best status was achieved at the level of 150 kg.ha-1 nitrogen. The highest rate of LER by 1.16 belonged to N3S2. That is, the intercropping yield in this case increased 16% compared with pure cultivation. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Effects of Foliage Removal and Using Different Nitrogen Rates on Remobilization of Pre-anthesis Assimilates to the Grain in a Dual-purpose (Forage and Grain) Barley
Adel Modhej Mani Mojadam Reza Mamaghani

In order to study the source limitation and contribution of pre-anthesis assimilates to grain in dual-purpose (forage and grain) barley, a field experiment was carried out in Iran, Ahvaz region. The experimental design was split plot in randomized complete block with th More

In order to study the source limitation and contribution of pre-anthesis assimilates to grain in dual-purpose (forage and grain) barley, a field experiment was carried out in Iran, Ahvaz region. The experimental design was split plot in randomized complete block with three replications. Application rates of nitrogen at four levels (60, 120, 180 and 220 kg.ha-1 N) were as main plots, while sub plots were three harvesting levels (no cutting crop, cutting at five and 10 cm above ground level). Spikelet removal from one side of spike was done to determine source limitation. Results indicated that foliage removal (FR) from five and 10 cm above ground level reduced grain yield 32% and 15.8%, respectively. Highest grain yield (530 g.m-2) was obtained by using 120 kg.ha-1 N treatment. Source limitation was increased with harvesting 28% and 23% in cutting crop from 5 and 10 cm level, respectively. Grain yield was generally reduced with increasing source limitation in dual-purpose barley crop. In cutting treatments, minimum source limitation was obtained with 120 kg.ha-1 N. The contribution of dry matter translocation pre-anthesis assimilates to grains was reduced by foliage removal treatments, due to reduction in vegetative growth at anthesis stage. Contribution of dry matter remobilization and current photosynthesis to grain yield were increased (11%) and reduced (8.7%) respectively by foliage cutting at 5 cm above ground level. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Evaluation of Tillage, Nitrogen Fertilizer and Crop Residue Management on some Agronomic Traits of Soybean
Alireza Safahani Maryamosadat Alavian Petroodi Farshad Ghooshchi

This study setout to investigate the effect of wheat residue, tillage, and nitrogen fertilizer management on some agronomic traits of soybean as a split split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications. The main plots included wheat residue m More

This study setout to investigate the effect of wheat residue, tillage, and nitrogen fertilizer management on some agronomic traits of soybean as a split split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications. The main plots included wheat residue management: collecting and leaving residue and sub plot included tillage (without tillage and conventional tillage), and the sub -sub plots included nitrogen fertilizer consumption: base fertilizer, base fertilizer + NF (Nitrogen Factor amount of nitrogen needed for wheat residue degradation to prevent nitrogen deficiency for next crop). The ANOVA results showed that the effect of residue management on harvest index was significant at 5% level. Nitrogen fertilizer significantly affected on grain oil percentage at 5% level and on grain yield and harvest index at 1% level. The highest grain oil percentage, grain yield, and harvest index were obtained in base fertilizer treatment. Moreover, the interactive effect of tillage and residue management on grain yield was significant at 5% probability level. The highest grain yield belonged to residue management and tillage, residue management without tillage, and tillage without residue. Interactive effect of residue and nitrogen fertilizer on number of pod per plant was significant at 1% probability level. Highest number of pod per plant belonged to residue and base fertilizer. Interactive effect of tillage and nitrogen fertilizer on grain oil was significant at 5% level and on the number of pod per plant and grain yield was significant at 1% probability level. Highest oil percentage belonged to the treatment without tillage and base fertilizer, tillage and base fertilizer NF+, with tillage and base fertilizer, and the highest number of pod belonged to tillage and base fertilizer, and highest grain yield belonged to the treatments with tillage and base fertilizer NF+, tillage and base fertilizer, and without tillage and base fertilizer. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Effect of Biological and Chemical Fertilizers on Yield and Yield Components of Some Maize Hybrids in South West of Iran (Shoushtar Region)
Ayeh Makvandi Mojtaba Alavifazel Shahram Lack

In order to investigate effect of application of Nitroxin and nitrogen chemical fertilizer on yield and yield components, split plot experiment on the basis of Randomized Complete Block Design with four replications was conducted. Four levels of Nitrogen fertilizer (N1: More

In order to investigate effect of application of Nitroxin and nitrogen chemical fertilizer on yield and yield components, split plot experiment on the basis of Randomized Complete Block Design with four replications was conducted. Four levels of Nitrogen fertilizer (N1: 100% chemical fertilizer, N2: 75% chemical fertilizer + 100% biological fertilizer, N3: 50% chemical fertilizer + 100% biological fertilizer, N4: 25% chemical fertilizer + 100% biological fertilizer) in main plots and three Maize Hybrids (H1: S.C. 704, H2: Mobin, H3: Karun 701) in subplots were studied. Results showed that the highest grain yield belonged to 50% chemical fertilizer + 100% biological fertilizer and Karun hybrid, and the lowest one belonged to 75% chemical fertilizer + 100% biological fertilizer and S.C. 704. Maximum biological yield belonged to 50% chemical fertilizer + 100% biological fertilizer and Karun hybrid. The highest harvest index belonged to 100% chemical fertilizer and Mobin hybrid and the minimum harvest index in treatment of 75% chemical fertilizer + 100% biological fertilizer and S.C. 704 hybrid was seen. 1000-grain weight in treatment of 100% chemical fertilizer and Mobin hybrid have maximum rate. Maximum number of grain per ear and grain per row belonged to the treatment with 100% chemical fertilizer and S.C. 704 hybrid. In maize which require high nutrition for optimal yield, Biological fertilizer application alone cannot replace chemical fertilizers, but they can be used as supplements for chemical fertilizers. Finally application of N fertilizer level at 50% chemical fertilizer + 100% biological fertilizer and Karun hybrid were recommended. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Evaluation of Sulfur Fertilizer on Canola Yield under Salinity Conditions
Alireza Jafarnejadi Hamed Rezaei Ahmad Naderi

Soil and water salinity damage and decrease canola yield. However, plant yield should be increased using effective methods. This study aimed at investigating the effect of sulfure application fertilizers on canola yield. To this end, the experiment was conducted in spli More

Soil and water salinity damage and decrease canola yield. However, plant yield should be increased using effective methods. This study aimed at investigating the effect of sulfure application fertilizers on canola yield. To this end, the experiment was conducted in split plot arrangement based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications at Shavoor Research Station in south west of Iran. Main plots was the source of sulfur fertilizer (sulfur element, gypsum, sulfuric acid, golden bio-sulfur) and sub plots were the rate of sulfur application including 6 levels (0, 50, 500, 1000, 1500, 2000 Kg S.ha-1). Results showed sources and rate that of sulfur fertilizers had significant different effects (p<0.01) on canola yield and biologic yield but they had no effect on grain thousand weight and grain in capsule. The highest grain yield and biologic yield obtained from Golden bio sulfur application. The findings also revealed that Interactive effects had significant effects (p<0.01) on canola yield and biologic yield but they had no effects on grain thou-sand weight and grain in capsule. Sulfur fertilizer application is an effective method for compensation damage yield of canola in salinity conditions. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Effect of Organic and Chemical Nitrogen Fertilizers on Grain Yield and Yield Components of Wheat and Soil Fertility
Syed Azam Shah Wisal Mohammad Syed Mahmood Shah Muhammad Shoaib Shafi

Effects of organic manure (poultry manure) applied alone and integrated with inorganic fertilizer (urea) on yield and yield component, N-uptake and soil fertility in wheat-maize cropping system was evaluated in a field experiment at Nuclear Institute for Food and Agricu More

Effects of organic manure (poultry manure) applied alone and integrated with inorganic fertilizer (urea) on yield and yield component, N-uptake and soil fertility in wheat-maize cropping system was evaluated in a field experiment at Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan. Poultry manure was applied alone and were integrated in different proportions with mineral nitrogenous fertilizer to supply 120 kg.ha-1 N. The organic fertilizers were applied at sowing time and mineral fertilizer was applied in three splits, sowing, tillering and booting stages. The experiment was laid out according to RCBD with 6 treatments and 4 replications. The plot size was 4m x 3.5 m with twelve rows of wheat. Nitrogen was applied at the rate of 120 kg.ha-1 to wheat from organic and Chemical N sources i.e poultry manure (PM) and urea applied alone and in combination recommended rates of P and K at the rate of 75 and 60 kg.ha-1 respectively, were applied in the form of single super phosphate and potassium sulphate as basal application to all treatments at sowing time. The results showed that integrated use in different proportion increased the biological yield, grain yield, grain per spike, 1000-grain weight, and over control. After crop harvest soil was analyzed for total N, organic matter and available P and was found higher in treatments where poultry manure was applied alone and in integration with chemical N. Application of poultry manure proved beneficial and improved yield and improve soil fertility. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Effects of Cadmium on Chemical Markers in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Yield Production
Mohammad Reza Dadnia

A greenhouse experiment was conducted in 2013 in Research Lab of Karaj Islamic Azad University to determine the yield and activity of chemical markers as the response to different concentrations of Cadmium (Cd) (0, 5, 10 and 20 mg of Cd/kg of soil) in wheat cultivars (K More

A greenhouse experiment was conducted in 2013 in Research Lab of Karaj Islamic Azad University to determine the yield and activity of chemical markers as the response to different concentrations of Cadmium (Cd) (0, 5, 10 and 20 mg of Cd/kg of soil) in wheat cultivars (Karaj 1 and Karaj 2). Treatments were tested in a factorial experiment with four replications in 7.5 kg plastic pots. The response of seed yield and other parameters to Cd was negative, but the rate of Di-Tyrosine (Di-Ty) was increased. In comparison of cultivars, Karaj 1 had higher production and lower rates of Di-Ty at high concentrations of Cd than Karaj 2. There was a significant increase of Di-Ty in the leaf tissue due to Cd increase. The effects of Cd were high on measured characters in control treatments. This reaction was due to increase of Di-Ty by heavy metals in cultivars. Finally cultivars need to have high tolerance to Cd for optimum production of seed yield in this study at high concentrations of cadmium, but high yield in Karaj 1 was related to low rates of Di-Ty. Manuscript profile

XML

List of Articles