Solid-to-Liquid Extraction for Analysis of Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons in Tahdig of Potato by GC/MS: Comparison between Traditional Solvent and Sonication Methodologies

Subject Areas : Journal of Chemical Health Risks

Kosar Mahmood-babooi ¹ , Behrouz Akbari-adergani ² , Ali Salehi ³ , Parisa Sadighara ⁴

1 - Department of Environmental Health, Food Safety Division, Faculty of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2 - Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
3 - Department of Environmental Health, Food Safety Division, Faculty of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4 - Department of Environmental Health, Food Safety Division, Faculty of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Received: 2020-11-07 Accepted : 2021-01-26 Published : 2022-09-01

Keywords: Soxhlet, Potato, Polyaromatic hydrocarbons, Solid oil, Sonication extraction, Tahdig,

Abstract :

The main purpose of this study was to compare efficiency of two extraction methods for analysis of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the tahdig of potato prepared with the solid edible oils. The PAHs separation was performed with conventional solvent extraction by Soxhlet and sonication methods. All samples were prepared under the same time (30 min) and temperature (180 °C) with solid edible oils. The extraction efficiencies were determined by subsequent optimized analysis by GC/MS. The amounts of extracted PAHs by Soxhlet and sonication methods were 74.2±3.8 and 136.7±2.1 µg/Kg, respectively. With the sonication, mean quantities of PAHs extracted from tahdig were 84% more than Soxhlet method and this improved limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) for some high molecular weight PAHs up to 0.01 and 0.03 µg/Kg, respectively. This study clearly demonstrated the sonication method was especially much efficient than the traditional Soxhlet method for detection of PAHs in the tahdig of potato with complicated matrix.

References:

1. Onyedikachi U.B., Belonwu C.D., Wegwu M.O., Emmanuel E., Mattew A.F., 2019. Sources and cancer risk exposure of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils from industrial areas in southeastern, Nigeria. Journal of Chemical Health Risks. 9(3), 203-216.

2. Paris A., Ledauphin J., Poinot P., Gaillard J.L., 2018. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in fruits and vegetables: Origin, analysis, and occurrence. Environmental Pollution. 234, 96-106.

3. Zelinkova Z., Wenz T., 2015. The occurrence of 16 EPA PAHs in food - A review polycyclic aromatic compounds. 35, 248-284.

4. Escarrone A.L.V., Caldas S.S., Furlong E.B., Meneghetti V.L., Fagundes C.A.A., Arias J.L.O., Primel E.G., 2014. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in rice grain dried by different processes: Evaluation of a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe extraction method. Food Chemistry. 146, 597-602.

5. Akbari-adergani B., Ahmadi A., Jahedkhanki G., Nabizadeh Nodehi R., Sadighara P., 2019. The comparative amount of acrylamide in tahdig prepared with the most common edible liquid and solid oils. Current Nutrition & Food Science. 15, 1-5.

6. Tran-Lam T.T., Dao Y.H., Thi Nguyen L.K., Ma, H.K., Tran H.N., Le G.T., 2018. Simultaneous Determination of 18 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Daily Foods (Hanoi Metropolitan Area) by Gas Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Foods. 7, 201-217.

7. Ishizaki  A., Saito K., Hanioka N., Narimatsu S., Kataoka H., 2010. Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in food samples by automated on-line in-tube solid-phase microextraction coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection. Journal of Chromatography A. 25, 5555-5563.

8. Smoker M., Tran K., Smith R.E., 2010. Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Shrimp.  J Agric Food Chem. 58(23), 12101-12104.

9. Givechev I.,  Tanev D., Danalev D., 2020. Development and validation of GC/MS method for simultaneous determination of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in pork meat matrix. Acta Chromatographica. 1-7.

10. Banjoo D., Nelson P., 2005. Improved ultrasonic extraction procedure for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments. Journal of Chromatography A. 1066, 9-18.

11. European Commission. 2005. Commission Regulation No. 208/2005 of 4 February 2005 amending Regulation (EC) no 466/2001 as regards polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons. Off. J Eur Union. 34, 3-5.