استفاده از لاین‌های جایگزین کروموزومی گندم برای مطالعه روابط بین عملکرد و اجزای آن در شرایط تنش خشکی و نرمال
محورهای موضوعی :
اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی
مسعود گلستانی
1
,
شهرام محمدی
2
1 - استادیار گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.
2 - استاد گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران
تاریخ دریافت : 1395/05/23
تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/05/03
تاریخ انتشار : 1396/05/01
کلید واژه:
تجزیه علیت,
رگرسیون گام‌به‌گام,
تجزیه خوشه‌ای,
لاین جایگزین گندم,
چکیده مقاله :
به‌منظور بررسی روابط بین عملکرد و اجزای آن، آزمایشی با استفاده از دو سری لاین جایگزین کروموزومی گندم شامل سری لاین‌های جایگزین رقم تایمستین در زمینه ژنتیکی رقم چاینیز اسپرینگ و رقم رد اجیپشن در زمینه ژنتیکی رقم چاینیز اسپرینگ به همراه والدینشان در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار در دو شرایط بدون تنش و تنش خشکی به‌صورت گلدانی در سال 1393 انجام شد. آنالیز‌های رگرسیونی نشان دادند که مشارکت اجزای عملکرد دانه در ایجاد تغییرات عملکرد دانه در دو شرایط یکسان نیست. به طوری که، در شرایط بدون تنش عملکرد بیولوژیک و شاخص برداشت و در شرایط تنش تعداد دانه در سنبله و تعداد سنبله بیشترین تغییرات موجود در عملکرد دانه را تبیین نمودند. در سه حالت از چهار حالت مدل رگرسیون گام‌به‌گام (دو سری لاین جایگزین و دو شرایط آزمایش) دو صفت شاخص برداشت و عملکرد بیولوژیک وارد مدل شدند و بنابراین می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که این دو از پایدارترین صفات در توجیه تغییرات عملکرد دانه می‌باشند. در تجزیه علیت برای عملکرد دانه در شرایط بدون تنش و برای هر دو سری لاین، بیشترین اثرات مستقیم مربوط به عملکرد بیولوژیک و شاخص برداشت بود. در شرایط تنش، بیشترین اثرات مستقیم در سری تایمستین مربوط به عملکرد بیولوژیک و شاخص برداشت و در سری رد اجیپشن مربوط به تعداد سنبله و تعداد دانه در سنبله بود. تجزیه خوشه‌ای به روش وارد و با محاسبه فواصل اقلیدسی، لاین‌های جایگزین مربوط به هر دو سری لاین جایگزین و هر دو شرایط بدون تنش و تنش خشکی را در سه گروه قرار داد.
چکیده انگلیسی:
To evaluate relationship between grain yield and its components, two series of wheat`s substitution lines including substitution lines of ‘Timstein’ into genetic background of ‘Chinese Spring’ and ‘Red Egyptian’ into genetic background of ‘Chinese Spring’ and their parents were tested in a randomized complete block design with four replications under water-stress and non-stress conditions in a greenhouse in 2014. Stepwise regression analyses showed that yield components contributions for seed yield variation were not similar under water-stress and non-stress conditions. So that, under non-stress condition biological yield and harvest index and under water-stress condition the number of seeds per spike and number of spikes explained a higher percentage of variations for grain yield. Biological yield and harvest index were entered into model in three cases out of four regression analyses (two substitution lines series and two conditions) and thus it was deduced that these two traits are the most stable traits in explaining the variations observed for seed yield.Path coefficient analysis showed that biological yield and harvest index had direct and equal effects on seed yield at non-stress condition for two substitution line series. The highest direct effects on seed yield under stress condition for ‘Timstein’ substitution line series belonged to biological yield and harvest index and for ‘Red Egyptian’ substitution lines belonged to the number of seeds per spike and number of spikes. Cluster analysis, based on Ward method and by using Euclidian distance, classified two substitution line series under water-stress and non-stress conditions in three groups.
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