اثر ماده افزودنی سولفات آمونیم بر کارایی علف کش نیکوسولفورن در ذرت
محورهای موضوعی : اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی
سجاد قائدی کچویی
1
(دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد فسا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، فسا، ایران)
مهدی مدن دوست
2
(گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزي، واحد فسا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي، فسا، ايران)
کلید واژه: ذرت, کروز, عملکرد, مدل, مویان,
چکیده مقاله :
به منظور بررسی ارتباط بین دزهای مصرف علف کش نیکوسولفورون و ماده افزودنی سولفات آمونیوم بر افزایش کارایی کنترل علف های هرز و عملکرد دانه ذرت (Zea mays L. Sc.704) آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی طی سال های 1398 و 1399 با فرض تصادفی بودن اثر سال در منطقه فسا واقع در جنوب شرق استان فارس ایران به صورت مزرعه ای انجام شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل علف کش نیکوسولفورون (دزهای صفر، 30، 50، 70 و 90 گرم ماده موثره در هکتار) و ماده افزودنی سولفات آمونیم با دزهای صفر، 2/5 و 5 درصد بودند. رابطه بین دزهای علف کش و بیوماس علف های هرز در هر یک از سه سطح سولفات آمونیوم از مدل 3 پارامتره لجستیک و برای توصیف رابطه بین بیوماس علف های هرز و سطوح دزهای علف کش و سولفات آمونیم از مدل چهار پارامتره لورینتزن استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که استفاده از علف کش نیکوسولفورن منجر به کاهش وزن خشک همه علف های هرز شد و با مصرف سولفات آمونیم کاهش وزن خشک علف های هرز تشدید شد. دُز مؤثر برای کنترل 50 درصد از علف هرز سلمه تره (Chenopodium album) کمتر از سایر علف های هرز بود. سولفات آمونیم به عنوان ماده افزودنی توانست کارایی نیکوسولفورون را برای افزایش شاخص کلروفیل، سرعت فتوسنتز و اجزای عملکرد دانه بهبود دهد. با مصرف کمی بیشتر از 60 گرم نیکوسولفورون به صورت مخلوط با سولفات آمونیم 2/5 تا 10/5 درصد افزایش عملکرد دانه حاصل شد و با مصرف 70 گرم نیکوسولولفورون عملکرد بیولوژیک به 24500 کیلوگرم در هکتار افزایش یافت.
In order to investigate the relationship between the effect of the applied doses of the herbicide of Nicosulfuron and the additive of Ammonium Sulfate on weed control and grain yield of corn (Zea mays L. Sc.704), an experiment was conducted on a farm in Fasa region, Fars, Iran in 2019 and 2020as factorial in randomized complete block design. Assuming the effect of the year is random. The experimental factors included herbicide (Nicosulfuron) (As doses of 0, 30, 50, 70, 90g the active ingredient in hectare) and the additive of Ammonium Sulfate (as 0, 2.5 and 5%). In order to describe the relationship between doses of herbicide and biomass of the weeds in each of the three levels of Ammonium Sulfate, the Logistic 3 parameters model was used and to describe the relationship between the biomass of the weeds and the levels of herbicide doses and Ammonium Sulfate, the Lorentzian 4 parameters model was used. The results showed that the use of Nicosulfuron reduced the dry weight of all weeds and with the use of Ammonium Sulfate, the dry weight loss of weeds was intensified. The effective dose for controlling half of the Chenopodium album was lower than for other weeds. Ammonium Sulfate, as an additive, was able to improve the performance of Nicosulfuron to increase the chlorophyll index, photosynthesis rate and grain yield components. Consumption of slightly more than 60g Nicosulfuron as a mixture with Ammonium Sulfate increased the yield by 2.5 to 10.5%, and by consuming 70g Nicosulfuron, the biological yield increased to 24500kg.ha 1.
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