اثر تنش خشکی بر فعالیت بیوشیمایی و آنتی اکسیدانی ژنوتیپ های گندم تحت تیمارهای محلول پاشی مواد محرک رشد و نانوکلات روی
محورهای موضوعی : اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعیریتا حبیبی 1 , سوران شرفی 2 * , سلیمان محمدی 3 , تورج میرمحمودی 4 , سامان یزدان ستا 5
1 - دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزي، واحد مهاباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مهاباد، ايران
2 - استادیار گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزي، واحد مهاباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مهاباد، ايران
3 - دانشیار مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان¬غربی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، میاندوآب، ایران
4 - دانشیار گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزي، واحد مهاباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مهاباد، ايران
5 - استادیار گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزي، واحد مهاباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مهاباد، ايران
کلید واژه: جاسمونیک اسید, سوکسینات, عناصر کم مصرف, کم آبی,
چکیده مقاله :
به‌منظور بررسی اثر تیمارهای مختلف محلول پاشی بر صفات بیوشیمیایی وآنتی اکسیدانی ژنوتیپ های گندم تحت شرایط مختلف رطوبتی، آزمایشی به صورت اسپلیت پلات فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در دو مکان انجام شد. فاکتور اصلی آبیاری (نرمال و تنش کم آبی) و فاکتورهای فرعی چهار سطح محلول پاشی (شاهد-بدون محلول پاشی)، جاسمونیک اسید، نانو کلات روی و سوکسینات) و سه ژنوتیپ مختلف جو بودند. نتایج نشان داد تنش کم آبی محتوی کلروفیل a، کلروفیلb و کل را در مقایسه با شرایط آبیاری کامل به ترتیب 9/03، 6/66 و 7/32 درصد کاهش و مقدار فعالیت آنزیم های سوپراکسید دیسموتاز، کاتالاز و گلوتاتیون ردوکتاز را به ترتیب 3/29، 3/48 و 50/90 درصد افزایش داد. محلول پاشی نانوکلات روی مقدار کلروفیل a، کلروفیلb و کل و همچنین فعالیت آنزیم های سوپراکسید دیسموتاز، کاتالاز و گلوتاتیون ردوکتاز را در مقایسه با شاهد به ترتیب 15/45، 15/76، 14/70، 52/63، 11 و 48/14 درصد افزایش داد. رقم میهن بالاترین محتوی رنگدانه¬های فتوسنتزی و کمترین مقدار فعالیت آنزیم های آنتی اکسیدان را به خود اختصاص داد. نتایج نشان داد محلول پاشی نانو کلات محتوای پرولین، گلوتاتیون رودکتاز و عملکرد دانه را در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد در هر دو شرایط آبیاری نرمال و تنش کم آبی افزایش داد. همچنین، محلول پاشی نانو کلات روی در رقم میهن توانست بالاترین عملکرد دانه و کمترین مقادیر پرولین، گلایسین بتائین و مالون دی آلدهید را تولید کند. در بین تیمارهای برهمکنش آبیاری با رقم، لاین 9 بالاترین محتوی گلایسین بتائین در هر دو شرایط به خود اختصاص داد. می توان اظهار داشت محلول پاشی نانوکلات روی همراه با رقم مناسب می تواند راهکاری برای بهبود عمکلرد دانه تحت شرایط مختلف محیطی باشد.
In order to investigate the effect of different foliar application treatments on the biochemical and antioxidant traits of wheat genotypes under different moisture conditions, a factorial split plot experiment was conducted on the basis of a randomized complete block design with three replications in two locations. The main factors of irrigation (normal and water deficit) and the secondary factors were four levels of foliar application (control (without foliar application), jasmonic acid, zinc nano chelate, and succinate) and three different genotypes of barley. The results showed that water deficit stress reduced the content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b total compared to normal irrigation conditions by 9.03%, 6.66%, and 7.32%, respectively, and increased the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione reductase enzymes by 3.29, 3.48 and 50.90 percent respectively. Foliar application of nano chelate increased the amount of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total, as well as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione reductase enzymes, 15.45, 15.76, 14.70, 52.63, and 48.14 percent respectively compared to the control. Mihan cultivar had the highest content of photosynthetic pigments and the lowest activity of antioxidant enzymes. The results showed that foliar application of nano-chelate increased the content of proline, glutathione reductase, and grain yield compared to the control treatment in both normal irrigation and water deficit conditions. Also, foliar application of nano zinc chelate in the Mehen cultivar could produce the highest grain yield and the lowest amounts of proline, glycine betaine, and malondialdehyde. Among the irrigation interaction treatments, line 9 had the highest glycine betaine content in both conditions. It can be stated that foliar application of zinc nano-chelate, along with the appropriate variety, can be a solution to improve seed yield under different environmental conditions.
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