اثرات کوتاه‌مدت و بلندمدت شکاف تکنولوژی بر تجارت بخش کشاورزی ایران و کشورهای طرف تجاری
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی -پژوهشی تحقیقات اقتصاد کشاورزیحسن عسگری ثابت 1 , رضا رستمیان 2 , یاسر فیض آبادی 3
1 - گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی- دانشکده تکمیلی- دانشگاه آزاد واحد قائمشهر
2 - استادیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد قائمشهر
3 - استادیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد قائمشهر
کلید واژه: مدل جاذبه, تجارت بخش کشاورزی, شکاف تکنولوژی, رویکرد PMG,
چکیده مقاله :
چکیده
بخش کشاورزی در ایران، به دلایلی همچون ارزآوری، تأمین امنیت غذایی و غیره، در قیاس با سایر بخش‌های اقتصادی کشور از نقشی بارز در عرصه اقتصادی برخوردار است. اما تولید در این بخش پیوسته در شرایط ناپایدار و دشواری قرار دارد. شکاف در پیشرفت تکنولوژیکی می‌تواند یکی از مهم‌ترین عوامل تعیین‌کننده تجارت دوجانبه و رشد اقتصادی بین کشورها باشد و می‌توان تکنولوژی را به‌عنوان راهکاری برای کاهش مخاطرات بکار گرفت. بنابراین هدف مطالعه حاضر بررسی اثرات کوتاه‌مدت و بلندمدت شکاف تکنولوژی بر تجارت بخش کشاورزی ایران و کشورهای طرف تجاری بوده است. برای این منظور بر اساس مدل جاذبه و با استفاده از روش ARDL در داده‌های پنل مسئله پژوهش بررسی شد. در این راستا داده‌های 57 کشور طرف تجاری ایران در بخش کشاورزی برای دوره 2001 تا 2018 جمع‌آوری شد. نتایج پژوهش بر اساس چهار شاخص شکاف تکنولوژی کل، هزینه‌های تحقیق و توسعه، برنامه‌های ثبت اختراع و محققان تحقیق و توسعه بیانگر آن است که شکاف تکنولوژی در بلندمدت بر تجارت بخش کشاورزی اثر مثبت و معنادار دارد.
Abstract
The agricultural sector in Iran, for reasons such as currency exchange, food security, etc., in comparison with other economic sectors of the country has a significant role in the economic field. But production in this sector is constantly in an unstable and difficult situation. The gap in technological progress can be one of the most important determinants of bilateral trade and economic growth between countries, and technology can be used as a way to reduce risks. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the short-term and long-term effects of the technology gap on trade between Iran's agricultural sector and trading countries. For this purpose, based on the gravity model and using the ARDL method in the panel data, the research problem was investigated. In this regard, data from 57 Iranian trading partners in the agricultural sector for the period 2001 to 2018 were collected. The results of the research based on the four indicators of total technology gap, research and development costs,
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