تعیین بهره‌وری فیزیکی و اقتصادی آب کشاورزی: مطالعه‌ی موردی شهرستان دزفول
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی -پژوهشی تحقیقات اقتصاد کشاورزیفاطمه ملارضاقصاب 1 , عباس عبدشاهی 2 , افشین مرزبان 3
1 - دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد توسعه روستایی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان
2 - عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین اهواز
3 - استادیار گروه مکانیزاسیون و ماشینهای کشاورزی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان
کلید واژه: رگرسیون, بهره‌وری فیزیکی آب, بهره‌وری اقتصادی آب, محصولات زراعی و باغی,
چکیده مقاله :
مطالعه‌ی حاضر، با محاسبه‌ی بهره‌وری فیزیکی و اقتصادی آب در محصولات زراعی و باغی شهرستان دزفول در سال زراعی 96-1395، این محصولات را از نظر بهره‌وری آب اولویت‌بندی نموده است. همچنین عوامل موثر بر بهره‌وری فیزیکی و اقتصادی آب با استفاده از یک مدل رگرسیون، تعیین گردید. داده‌های مورد نیاز با روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی طبقه‌ای و با تکمیل پرسشنامه از یک نمونه‌ی 221 نفری از کشاورزان شهرستان مذکور، به دست آمد. نتایج نشان داد که، بالاترین بهره‌وری فیزیکی آب به ترتیب مربوط به محصول کاهو (8/22 کیلوگرم بر مترمکعب)، هویج (03/15 کیلوگرم بر مترمکعب) و پیاز (19/9 کیلوگرم بر مترمکعب) و پایین‌ترین بهره‌وری فیزیکی آب مربوط به نارنج (67/0 کیلوگرم بر مترمکعب) و گریپ‌فروت (84/0 کیلوگرم بر مترمکعب) می‌باشد. نتایج تحلیل رگرسیون نیز نشان داد که متغیرهای نوع محصول، سن، سابقه‌ی و تحصیلات کشاورز، سطح زیرکشت، داشتن شغل غیرکشاورزی، نوع منبع آب و روش آبیاری بر بهره‌وری فیزیکی و متغیرهای سن و سابقه‌ی کشاورز، شغل غیرکشاورزی، بافت خاک و نوع منبع آب بر بهره‌وری اقتصادی آب موثرند.
In this study, physical and economic water productivities of agronomic and horticulture crops of Dezful city were calculated, and the priority cultivation of these crops was determined in the 2016. A regression model was used to investigate factors affecting water productivity. Necessary data were collected using stratified random sampling by completing a quetionaire of 221 farmers. The results indicated that maximum physical productivity is related to lettuce (22.8 kgh-1), carrot (15.03 kgh-1) and onion (9.19 kgh-1) and minimum physicsl productivity is related to orange (0.67 kgh-1) and grapefruit (0.84 kgh-1) respectively. The results also indicated that variables such as type of crop, age, experience and education level of farmers, planting area, nonagricultural job, kind of water source and irrigation method affect physical water productivity and variables such as age and experience of farmers, nonagricultural job, soil texture and type of water source affect economic water productivity.
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