پاسخ گیاه کهور (Prosopis koelziana Burkart) در کشت در شیشه و تنش شوری
محورهای موضوعی : ژنتیکمهلقا قربانلی 1 , داود نوشاد 2 , بهاره الله‌وردی ممقانی 3
1 - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد گرگان
2 - دانشگاه تربیت معلم تهران
3 - مرکز تحقیقات جنگل ها و مراتع، تهران
کلید واژه: پرولین, کهور, کالوس, تنظیم کننده‌های رشد, منبع جداکشت, اندام‌زایی,
چکیده مقاله :
در این پژوهش اثر منبع جداکشت، تنظیم کننده‌های رشد و NaCl بر اندام‌زایی و تجمع پرولین در گیاه کهور از گونه‌ای بردبار به شوری مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته است. مریستم، برگ جوان ولپه از دانه‌رست‌های کشت شده در شیشه جدا شده است. سپس جدا کشت‌ها در محیط MS به اضافه تنظیم کننده‌های مختلف رشد کشت شدند. جداکشت‌های مریستمی چندین اندام هوایی و ریشه تولید نمودند. برعکس کالوس‌های برگی اندام هوایی و ریشه تولید نکردند. بهترین تیمار برای ایجاد اندام هوایی محیط کشت محتوی یک میلی‌گرم در لیتر بنزیل آمینوپورین و 1/0 میلی‌گرم در لیتر نفتالن استیک بود. اکسین تولید کالوس و ریشه را تحریک نمود، برعکس سیتوکینین تشکیل اندام هوایی را تسریع نمود. اثر غلظت‌های مختلف NaCl (0، 2، 4، 6، 8، 10گرم در لیتر) بر اندام‌زایی و تجمع پرولین نیز مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که شوری موجب کاهش اندام‌زایی شد، ولی اثر کمی در القاء کالوس داشته است. گرچه غلظت بالای شوری موجب بازدارندگی تشکیل کالوس و اندام‌زایی شد. محتوای پرولین بطور معنی‌داری با افزایش شوری افزایش یافت، ولی افزایش NaCl از 8 میلی‌گرم در لیتر تا 10 میلی‌گرم در لیتر محتوای پرولین را اضافه نکرد.
Effect of explants source, plant growth regulator and NaCl on organogenesis and proline accumulation in prosopis Kolziana, salt tolerant species, were studied. Meristem, young leaf, and cotyledon separated from in vitro seedling. Then explants were cultured on MS medium supplement with different plant growth regulators. Multiple shoot regeneration was observed in meristem explants. In contrast leaf callus did not produce any shoot and root. The best treatment for shoot regeneration was MS Medium containing 1 mgl-1 6-benzylaminopurine and 0.1 mgl-1 naphtalenacetic acid. Auxins promoted callus and root regeneration. In contrast cytokinin hormones induced shoot formation. Effect of different concentrations of NaCl (2, 4, 6, 8, 10 gl-1) on organogenesis and proline accumulation were investigated. The result showed salt stress tends to decrease of organogenesis. But it had less effect on callus induction. Although, high content of NaCl inhibited both callusing and shoot regeneration. Proline content was significantly increased by increasing the NaCl. Increasing the NaCl concentration from 8 mgl-1 to 12 mgl-1 did not enhance proline content. It is suggested proline had an important role on salt resistance in this species.
Arce, P. and Balboa, O. (1991). Seasonality in rooting of Prosopis chilensis cuttings and in vitro micropropagation. Forest Ecology and Management 40:163-173.
Ashraf, M. (1994). Breeding for salinity tolerance in plants. Critical Review in Plant Science. 13:17-42.
Batchelor, C. A., Yao, D., Koehler, M. J., And Harris P. J. C., (1989). In vitro propagation of Prosopis species (Prosopi schilensis, Prosopis cineraria and Prosopis juliflora). Annales des Sciences Forestières 46:S110-S112.
Bates, L.S., Waldren, R.P., and Teare, I.D., (1973). Rapid determination of free proline for water stress Studies. Plant and soil, 39: 205-207.
Dale, P. J. (1975). Meristem tip culture in lolium multifloum. Journal of experimental Botany. 26: 731-736.
Cano, E. A., Perez-Alfocea, F., Moreno, V., Bolarin, M. C., (1996). Responses to NaCl stress of cultivated and wild tomato species and their hybrids in callus cultures, Plant Cell Report, 15 (10), 791-794.
Cano, E. A., Perez-Alfocea, F., Moreno, V., Caro, M., and Bolarin, M. C., (1998). Evaluation of salt tolerance in cultivated and wild tomato species through in vitro shoot apex culture, Plant cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 53 (1): 19-26.
Sotiropoulos, T. E. and Dimassi, N., (2005). Response to increasing of boron and NaCl on shoot proliferation and chemical composition of in vitro kiwi fruit shoot cultures. Plant cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 79 (3): 285-289.
Dix PJ (1993). The role of mutant cell lines in studies on environmental stress tolerance: an assessment. Plant Journal. 3:309-313.
Felker, P., Clark P. R., Laag, A. E and. Pratt. P. F, (1981b). Salinity tolerance of the tree legumes: mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa var. torreyana, P. velutina and P. articulata), algarrobo (P. chilensis), kiawe (P. pallida) and tamarugo (P.tamarugo) grown in sand culture on nitrogen-free media. Plant and Soil 61:311-317.
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Felker, P. (1991). Prosopis in Latin America: Geneticconservation and economic development for the 21st century. In: Prosopis germplasm workshop, 3-6 December1991, Mendoza, Argentina, organised by the International Development Research Centre, Ottawa, Canada.
Felker, P., Harris, P. J. C., Harsh, L.N., Cruz, G., Tewari, J.C., Cadoret, K., and Maldonado, L. J. (2001). The Prosopis juliflora -Prosopis pallida Complex: A Monograph, HDRA Coventry UK.
Hammond, S. (1991). In vitro propagation of leguminous trees of the genus Prosopis. Professional Training Report. Coventry University, Coventry, UK.
Jain, M., Mathur, G.,Koul, S., Sarin, N., (2001). Ameliorative effects of proline on salt stress induced lipid peroxidation in cell lines of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Plant Cell Report, 20(5), 463-468.
Jimenez-Bremont, J., Becerra-Flora, A., Hernandez-Lucero, E., Rodriguez-Kessler, M., Acosta-Gallegos, J., Ramireez-Pimentel, J. (2006). Proline accumulation in two bean cultivars under salt stress and the effect of polyamines and ornithine. Biologia Plantarum, 50 (4): 763-766.
Jordan, M. (1987). In vitro culture of Prosopis species. pp. 370-384. In: Cell and Tissue Culture in Forestry Vol. 3. Case Histories: Gymnosperms, Angiosperms and Palms. (Eds.) J.M. Bonga and D. J. Durzan. Nijhoff/Junk Publishers, The Netherlands.
Koca, H.,Ozdemir, F., Turkan, I., (2006). Effect of salt stress on lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities of Lycopersicon esculentum and L pennellii, Biologia Plantarum, 50(4), 754-748.
Koda, Y., and Okasawa, Y., (1980). cytokinin production by Asparagus shoot apex cultured in vitro. Physiologia Plantarum, 49: 193-197.
Larkin PJ, Scowcroft WR (1981). Somaclonal variation- a novel source of variability from cell culture for plant improvement. Theorical and Applied.Genetic. 60: 197-214.
Molassiotis, A. N., Sotiropoulos, T., Tanou, G., Kofidis,G., Diamantidis, G., Therios, E. (2006). Antioxidant and anatomical responses in shoot culture of the apple rootstock MM 160 treated with NaCl, KCl, manitol or sorbitol, Biologia Plantarum, 50 (1): 61-68.
Murashige T. and Skoog F., (1962). Revised medium for rapid growth and bioassay with tobacco tissue culture, Physiologia Plantarum, 15: 473-479
_||_Arce, P. and Balboa, O. (1991). Seasonality in rooting of Prosopis chilensis cuttings and in vitro micropropagation. Forest Ecology and Management 40:163-173.
Ashraf, M. (1994). Breeding for salinity tolerance in plants. Critical Review in Plant Science. 13:17-42.
Batchelor, C. A., Yao, D., Koehler, M. J., And Harris P. J. C., (1989). In vitro propagation of Prosopis species (Prosopi schilensis, Prosopis cineraria and Prosopis juliflora). Annales des Sciences Forestières 46:S110-S112.
Bates, L.S., Waldren, R.P., and Teare, I.D., (1973). Rapid determination of free proline for water stress Studies. Plant and soil, 39: 205-207.
Dale, P. J. (1975). Meristem tip culture in lolium multifloum. Journal of experimental Botany. 26: 731-736.
Cano, E. A., Perez-Alfocea, F., Moreno, V., Bolarin, M. C., (1996). Responses to NaCl stress of cultivated and wild tomato species and their hybrids in callus cultures, Plant Cell Report, 15 (10), 791-794.
Cano, E. A., Perez-Alfocea, F., Moreno, V., Caro, M., and Bolarin, M. C., (1998). Evaluation of salt tolerance in cultivated and wild tomato species through in vitro shoot apex culture, Plant cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 53 (1): 19-26.
Sotiropoulos, T. E. and Dimassi, N., (2005). Response to increasing of boron and NaCl on shoot proliferation and chemical composition of in vitro kiwi fruit shoot cultures. Plant cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 79 (3): 285-289.
Dix PJ (1993). The role of mutant cell lines in studies on environmental stress tolerance: an assessment. Plant Journal. 3:309-313.
Felker, P., Clark P. R., Laag, A. E and. Pratt. P. F, (1981b). Salinity tolerance of the tree legumes: mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa var. torreyana, P. velutina and P. articulata), algarrobo (P. chilensis), kiawe (P. pallida) and tamarugo (P.tamarugo) grown in sand culture on nitrogen-free media. Plant and Soil 61:311-317.
|
Felker, P. (1991). Prosopis in Latin America: Geneticconservation and economic development for the 21st century. In: Prosopis germplasm workshop, 3-6 December1991, Mendoza, Argentina, organised by the International Development Research Centre, Ottawa, Canada.
Felker, P., Harris, P. J. C., Harsh, L.N., Cruz, G., Tewari, J.C., Cadoret, K., and Maldonado, L. J. (2001). The Prosopis juliflora -Prosopis pallida Complex: A Monograph, HDRA Coventry UK.
Hammond, S. (1991). In vitro propagation of leguminous trees of the genus Prosopis. Professional Training Report. Coventry University, Coventry, UK.
Jain, M., Mathur, G.,Koul, S., Sarin, N., (2001). Ameliorative effects of proline on salt stress induced lipid peroxidation in cell lines of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Plant Cell Report, 20(5), 463-468.
Jimenez-Bremont, J., Becerra-Flora, A., Hernandez-Lucero, E., Rodriguez-Kessler, M., Acosta-Gallegos, J., Ramireez-Pimentel, J. (2006). Proline accumulation in two bean cultivars under salt stress and the effect of polyamines and ornithine. Biologia Plantarum, 50 (4): 763-766.
Jordan, M. (1987). In vitro culture of Prosopis species. pp. 370-384. In: Cell and Tissue Culture in Forestry Vol. 3. Case Histories: Gymnosperms, Angiosperms and Palms. (Eds.) J.M. Bonga and D. J. Durzan. Nijhoff/Junk Publishers, The Netherlands.
Koca, H.,Ozdemir, F., Turkan, I., (2006). Effect of salt stress on lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities of Lycopersicon esculentum and L pennellii, Biologia Plantarum, 50(4), 754-748.
Koda, Y., and Okasawa, Y., (1980). cytokinin production by Asparagus shoot apex cultured in vitro. Physiologia Plantarum, 49: 193-197.
Larkin PJ, Scowcroft WR (1981). Somaclonal variation- a novel source of variability from cell culture for plant improvement. Theorical and Applied.Genetic. 60: 197-214.
Molassiotis, A. N., Sotiropoulos, T., Tanou, G., Kofidis,G., Diamantidis, G., Therios, E. (2006). Antioxidant and anatomical responses in shoot culture of the apple rootstock MM 160 treated with NaCl, KCl, manitol or sorbitol, Biologia Plantarum, 50 (1): 61-68.
Murashige T. and Skoog F., (1962). Revised medium for rapid growth and bioassay with tobacco tissue culture, Physiologia Plantarum, 15: 473-479