مطالعه تغییرات میزان آنزیم‌های پراکسیداز، آسکوربات پراکسیداز و کاتالاز در دو رقم سویا (Glycine max L. merr) تحت تنش آبی
محورهای موضوعی : ژنتیک
حسن مدرس زاده
1
(گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد گرگان)
مه‌لقا قربانلی
2
(گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد گرگان)
محمدعلی رضایی
3
(گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد گرگان)
کلید واژه: تنش آبی, کاتالاز, سویا, پراکسیداز, : آسکوربات پراکسیداز,
چکیده مقاله :
رقم‌های مختلف از یک گونه، آنزیم‌های مختلفی را به منظور مقابله با تنش فعال می نمایند که شامل سوپراکسید دیسموتاز، کاتالاز، پراکسیداز، گلوتاتیون ردوکتاز، آسکوربات پراکسیداز بوده و نقش مهمی را در دفاع از گیاهان در برابر انواع اکسیژن واکنشگربازی می‌کنند. هدف از این پژوهش، مطالعه تفاوت رفتاری آنزیم‌های پراکسیداز، کاتالاز وآسکوربات پراکسیداز در دو رقم سویا شامل پرشینگ و DPX در برابر تنش خشکی و غرقابی وبررسی اثر تنش‌های مختلف آبی بر روی میزان فعالیت آنزیم‌های مذکور بود. درنتیجه آزمایشی در شرایط گلدانی انجام گرفت و تیمارهای آبی20، 40، 60 و80 درصد ظرفیت اشباع آب خاک بر روی آنها اعمال گردید. فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی اکسیدانی تفاوتهایی را از نظر نوع تنش و نوع اندام نشان دادند، به نحوی که فعالیت آنزیم پراکسیداز در ریشه و گرهک تحت دو تنش غرقابی و خشکی افزایش یافت، اما در برگ فعالیت آنزیم تحت تنش خشکی و غرقابی تفاوت معنی‌داری را نشان نداد و تنها در رقم پرشینگ، فعالیت آنزیم در تنش خشکی افزایش معنی‌داری را نشان داد. فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز در دو اندام برگ و ریشه در رقم DPX در تنش غرقابی و در رقم پرشینگ در تنش خشکی افزایش یافت و در سایر تیمارها تفاوت معنی‌داری مشاهده نشد. فعالیت آنزیم آسکوربات پراکسیداز در برگ به ازاء کاهش میزان آبیاری کاهش یافت، اما در ریشه فعالیت آنزیم نامبرده در رقم DPX تحت تنش غرقابی و در رقم پرشینگ تحت تنش خشکی افزایش معنی‌داری را نشان داد. نتایج مطالعات مشخص نمود که فعالیت آنزیم می تواند با توجه به نوع رقم، نوع تنش وحتی نوع اندام
Different cultivars of one species activate various enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, glutathione reductase and ascorbate peroxidase in order to defense against the water stress.These enzymes have important role in plant defense against the reactive oxygene species. In this study, behavior different of peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase and catalase and effects of water stress on activity of them against drought and flooding were investigated in two soybean cultivars (Glycine max L. cv. Pershing and cv. DPX). An experiment was carried out under potting conditions and 4 treatments (20, 40, 60 and 80% of water saturation capacity) were used. Antioxidant enzymes indicated differences with stress and organ. Peroxidase activity increased in nodule and root under drought and flooding stress but in leaf, peroxidase activity increased in lower water contents (20 and 40%) and in DPX, significant difference did not shown in the all. In both studied organs, catalase activity increased in flooding and drought, in DPX and Pershing, repectively but significant difference did not shown in other treatment. In the leaf, ascorbate peroxidase activity decreased with decreasing in irrigation but in root, its activity indicated significant increaseing in flooding and drought, in DPX and Pershing, repectively. Results indicated that enzymetic activity can vary by cultivar, stress and organ type, too.
Ajay, A., Sairam, R.K., and Srivasta, G.C., (2001). Oxidative stress and antioxidative system in plants current science, Vol, 82, No, 10, Pp. 1227-1238.
Alexieva, V., sergiev, I., Mapelli, S. and Karanov, E. (2003). The effect of drought and ultraviolet radiation on growth and stress markers in pea and wheat. Plant, cell & environment, Vol, 24, Issue 12, page, 1337.
Ames, B.N., Shigena, M.K., and Hegen, T.M., (1993). Oxidants, antoxidants and the degenerative sidease of aging. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA. 90: 7915-7922.
Arrigoni, O. (1994). Ascorbate system in planty development.J. Bioenergy. Biomember, 26: 407-419.
Baisak, R., Rana, D., Acharya, R.B.B., and Kar, M., (1994). Alterations in the activities of active oxygen scavenging enzymes of wheat leaves subjected to water stress. Plant and cell physiology, Vol. 35, No.3, pp. 349-495.
Becana, M., Dalton, D.A., Moran, J.F., Iturbe-ormaetxe, I., Matamoros, M.A., and Rubio, M.C., (2000). Reactive oxygen species and antioxidants in legume nodules. Physiol. Plant. 109: 372-381.
Biemeit, S., Keetman, U., and Alberchnt, G., (1998). Re-aeration following hypoxia or anoxia leads to activation of the antioxidative defense system in roots of wheat seedling. Plant phyiol. 116: 651-658.
Brown, P.S., Knierel, D.P., and Pell, E.J., (1995). Effects of moderate drought on ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase activity in mesophyll and bundle sheat cell of maize. Physiologia palntarum, 95(2), 274-280.
Chance, B., and Maehly, C., (1995). Assay of catalase and peroxidase. Method enzymol, 11:764-775.
Dalton, D.A., (1995). Antioxidant defenses of plants and fungs: pages 298-355. In: oxidative stress and antioxidant defenses in biology. S. Ahmed ed. Chapman and Hall, New York.
Guan, L., Zhao, and Scandalios, J.G., (2000). Cis-elements and trans-factors that regulate expression of the maize cat1 antioxidant gene in response to ABA and osmotic stress: H2O2 is the likely intermediary signaling molecular for the response. The plant journal, 22, 87-95.
Habibi, D., Boojar, M.M.A., Mahmoudi, A., Ardakani, M.R., and Teleghani, D., (2000). (4th International) crop science congress. Antioxidative enzymes in sunflower subjected to drought stress.
Halliwell, B., and Cutteridge, J.M.C., (1989). Free radicals and catalyctic metalions. Methods enzymes, 186: 1-16.
Jiang, M., and Zhang, J., (2001). Effects of abscisic acid on active oxygen species, antioxidative defense system and oxidative damage in leaves of maize seedling. Plant and cell physiology, 42, 1263-1273.
Jiang, M., and Zhang, J., (2002). Water stress-induced abscisic acid accumulation triggers the increased generation of reactive oxygen species and up-regulates the activities of antioxidant enzymes in maize leaves. Journal of Exp. Bot. Vol. 53, No. 379, Pp. 2401-2410.
Kaminaka, H., Morita, S., Tokumoto, M., Masumura, T., and Tanaka, K., (1999). Differential gene expression of rice superoxide dismutase isoforms to oxidative and environmental stresses. Free radical research, 31, Pp. 219-225.
Koroi, S.A., (1989). Gelelektrophers tische and spectral photometrischoe unter uchungen zomeinfifss der temperature auf straktur and aktritat der amylase and peroxidase isoenzyme, physiol. Veg., 1989, 20:15-23.
Smirnoff, N., (1993). The role active oxygen in the response of plants to water deficit and desiccation. New phytologist, 125, 27-58.
Ushimaru, T., Kanematsu, S., Shibasaka, M., and Tsuhi, H., (1999). Effects of hypoxia on the antioxidative enzymes in aerobically grown rice (Oryza sativa) seedlings. Physiologia plantarum, 107: 181-187.
Van toai, T.T., and Bolles, C.S., (1991). Postanoxic injury in soybean (Glycin max) seedling. Plant physiology. 97: 288-592.
Wassmann, S., Wassmann, K., and Nickenig, G., (2004). Modulation of Oxidant and Antioxidant Enzyme Expression and Function in vascular cells. American heart association Hypertension, 44: 381.
Yan, B., Dai, Q., Liu, X., Hung, S., and Wang, Z., (1996). Flooding induced membrane damage, lipid oxidation and activated oxygen generation in corn leaves. Plant and soil, 179: 261-268.
Yordanov, I., Velikana, V., and Tsonev, T., (2003). Plant responses to drought and stress tolerance. Bulg, J., plant physiol, special issue, 187-206.
_||_Ajay, A., Sairam, R.K., and Srivasta, G.C., (2001). Oxidative stress and antioxidative system in plants current science, Vol, 82, No, 10, Pp. 1227-1238.
Alexieva, V., sergiev, I., Mapelli, S. and Karanov, E. (2003). The effect of drought and ultraviolet radiation on growth and stress markers in pea and wheat. Plant, cell & environment, Vol, 24, Issue 12, page, 1337.
Ames, B.N., Shigena, M.K., and Hegen, T.M., (1993). Oxidants, antoxidants and the degenerative sidease of aging. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA. 90: 7915-7922.
Arrigoni, O. (1994). Ascorbate system in planty development.J. Bioenergy. Biomember, 26: 407-419.
Baisak, R., Rana, D., Acharya, R.B.B., and Kar, M., (1994). Alterations in the activities of active oxygen scavenging enzymes of wheat leaves subjected to water stress. Plant and cell physiology, Vol. 35, No.3, pp. 349-495.
Becana, M., Dalton, D.A., Moran, J.F., Iturbe-ormaetxe, I., Matamoros, M.A., and Rubio, M.C., (2000). Reactive oxygen species and antioxidants in legume nodules. Physiol. Plant. 109: 372-381.
Biemeit, S., Keetman, U., and Alberchnt, G., (1998). Re-aeration following hypoxia or anoxia leads to activation of the antioxidative defense system in roots of wheat seedling. Plant phyiol. 116: 651-658.
Brown, P.S., Knierel, D.P., and Pell, E.J., (1995). Effects of moderate drought on ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase activity in mesophyll and bundle sheat cell of maize. Physiologia palntarum, 95(2), 274-280.
Chance, B., and Maehly, C., (1995). Assay of catalase and peroxidase. Method enzymol, 11:764-775.
Dalton, D.A., (1995). Antioxidant defenses of plants and fungs: pages 298-355. In: oxidative stress and antioxidant defenses in biology. S. Ahmed ed. Chapman and Hall, New York.
Guan, L., Zhao, and Scandalios, J.G., (2000). Cis-elements and trans-factors that regulate expression of the maize cat1 antioxidant gene in response to ABA and osmotic stress: H2O2 is the likely intermediary signaling molecular for the response. The plant journal, 22, 87-95.
Habibi, D., Boojar, M.M.A., Mahmoudi, A., Ardakani, M.R., and Teleghani, D., (2000). (4th International) crop science congress. Antioxidative enzymes in sunflower subjected to drought stress.
Halliwell, B., and Cutteridge, J.M.C., (1989). Free radicals and catalyctic metalions. Methods enzymes, 186: 1-16.
Jiang, M., and Zhang, J., (2001). Effects of abscisic acid on active oxygen species, antioxidative defense system and oxidative damage in leaves of maize seedling. Plant and cell physiology, 42, 1263-1273.
Jiang, M., and Zhang, J., (2002). Water stress-induced abscisic acid accumulation triggers the increased generation of reactive oxygen species and up-regulates the activities of antioxidant enzymes in maize leaves. Journal of Exp. Bot. Vol. 53, No. 379, Pp. 2401-2410.
Kaminaka, H., Morita, S., Tokumoto, M., Masumura, T., and Tanaka, K., (1999). Differential gene expression of rice superoxide dismutase isoforms to oxidative and environmental stresses. Free radical research, 31, Pp. 219-225.
Koroi, S.A., (1989). Gelelektrophers tische and spectral photometrischoe unter uchungen zomeinfifss der temperature auf straktur and aktritat der amylase and peroxidase isoenzyme, physiol. Veg., 1989, 20:15-23.
Smirnoff, N., (1993). The role active oxygen in the response of plants to water deficit and desiccation. New phytologist, 125, 27-58.
Ushimaru, T., Kanematsu, S., Shibasaka, M., and Tsuhi, H., (1999). Effects of hypoxia on the antioxidative enzymes in aerobically grown rice (Oryza sativa) seedlings. Physiologia plantarum, 107: 181-187.
Van toai, T.T., and Bolles, C.S., (1991). Postanoxic injury in soybean (Glycin max) seedling. Plant physiology. 97: 288-592.
Wassmann, S., Wassmann, K., and Nickenig, G., (2004). Modulation of Oxidant and Antioxidant Enzyme Expression and Function in vascular cells. American heart association Hypertension, 44: 381.
Yan, B., Dai, Q., Liu, X., Hung, S., and Wang, Z., (1996). Flooding induced membrane damage, lipid oxidation and activated oxygen generation in corn leaves. Plant and soil, 179: 261-268.
Yordanov, I., Velikana, V., and Tsonev, T., (2003). Plant responses to drought and stress tolerance. Bulg, J., plant physiol, special issue, 187-206.