بررسی مراحل فنولوژیک و شاخص‌های انتقال مجدد آفتابگردان تحت تأثیر رقم و کود در کاشت دوم
محورهای موضوعی : کود زیستیعارفه علی پور قاسم آباد سفلی 1 * , علی نخ زری مقدم 2 , مهدی ملاشاهی 3 , ابراهیم غلامعلی پور علمداری 4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری زراعت-اکولوژی، گروه تولیدات گیاهی، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس، گنبد کاووس، ایران.
2 - استادیار، گروه تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس، گنبد کاووس، ایران.
3 - استادیار، گروه تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس، گنبد کاووس، ایران
4 - استادیار، گروه تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس، گنبد کاووس، ایران
کلید واژه: اسید هیومیک, روز تا 50% گلدهی, میزان انتقال مجدد, میزان فتوسنتز جاری, وایتا فری,
چکیده مقاله :
به منظور بررسی اثر کود نیتروژن و محلول پاشی اسیدهیومیک و وایتا فری بر مراحل فنولوژیک، شاخص‌های انتقال مجدد و عملکرد آفتابگردان در کاشت دوم آزمایشی بهصورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال زراعی 1398 در دانشگاه گنبد کاووس انجام شد. تیمار‌های آزمایشی شامل رقم در دو سطح هایسان 25 و اسکار و ترکیب کود در 6 سطح شامل عدم مصرف کود، مصرف 100 کیلوگرم نیتروژن خالص در هکتار، مصرف 50 کیلوگرم نیتروژن خالص در هکتار، مصرف 50 کیلوگرم نیتروژن خالص در هکتار+ یک‌ونیم کیلوگرم اسیدهیومیک در هکتار، مصرف 50 کیلوگرم نیتروژن خالص در هکتار + نیم کیلوگرم وایتا فری در هکتار و مصرف 50 کیلوگرم نیتروژن خالص در هکتار+ یک‌ونیم کیلوگرم اسیدهیومیک در هکتار + نیم کیلوگرم وایتا فری در هکتار بود. نتایج نشان داد که اثرات رقم و کود بر اکثر صفات مورد مطالعه معنیدار بود. رقم اسکار روز تا 50% گلدهی، وزن خشک اندام رویشی در مرحله گلدهی، میزان انتقال مجدد، میزان فتوسنتز جاری، عملکرد دانه نسبت به رقم هایسان 25 برتری داشت. بیشترین میزان انتقال مجدد و کارایی انتقال مجدد در تیمار عدم مصرف کود به‌دست آمد. بیشترین روز تا 50% گلدهی و روز تا 50% رسیدگی فیزیولوژیک، میزان فتوسنتز جاری و عملکرد دانه به تیمار کودی مصرف 100 کیلوگرم نیتروژن خالص در هکتار و تیمار کودی مصرف 50 کیلوگرم نیتروژن خالص در هکتار+ اسیدهیومیک + وایتا فری مربوط شد. بر اساس نتایج به‌دست آمده، برای رسیدن به حداکثر عملکرد دانه و جلوگیری از مصرف بی‌رویه کودهای شیمیایی، کاربرد همزمان کود شیمیایی نیتروژن، اسید هیومیک و ویتا فری توصیه می‌شود.
In order to investigate the effect of nitrogen fertilizer and foliar spraying of humic acid and Vita free on phenological stages, remobilization indices and yield of sunflower in the second experimental planting in a factorial manner based on a randomized complete block design with with three replications in summer 2018 at Gonbad Kavous University farm research. Cultivar factor was included Haysan 25 and Oscar and combination of fertilizer factor was included no fertilizer application, 100 kg N/ha, 50 kg N/ha, 50 kg N/ha + 1.5 kg humic acid/ha, 50 kg N/ha + 0.5 kg Vita free/ha and 50 kg N/ha + 1.5 kg humic acid + 0.5 kg Vita free/ha. The results showed that the effect of cultivar and fertilizer on most of the measured traits was significant. The results showed that cultivar and fertilizer were significant on most of the studied traits. The maximum days from planting to 50% Flowering, the dry matter of vegetative organs in the flowering stage, the remobilization, current photosynthesis and seed yield were obtained from Oscar cultivar. The maximum remobilization and remobilization efficiency were obtained in the treatment of no fertilizer use. Days from planting to 50% flowering, days from planting to 50% maturity, current photosynthesis and seed yield in 100 kg N/ha treatment and 50 kg N/ha + 1.5 kg humic acid/ha + 0.5 kg Vitafree/h was higher than other fertilizer treatments. Based on results, in order to achieve the maximum seed yield of sunflower and to prevent excessive use of chemical fertilizers, the combined use of Nitrogen fertilizer, humic acid and vita free is necessary.
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