تاثیر محلول‌پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک بر گلدهی و خصوصیات رشدی شاهپسند درختچه‌ای (Lantana camara Linn.) تحت تنش شوری
محورهای موضوعی : ژنتیک
مریم دهستانی اردکانی
1
(گروه علوم باغبانی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه، اردکان، ایران.)
پریسا قاطعی
2
(گروه علوم باغبانی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه، اردکان، ایران.)
علی مومن پور
3
(مرکز ملی تحقیقات شوری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، یزد، ایران.)
جلال غلام نژاد
4
(گروه علوم باغبانی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه، اردکان، ایران -پژوهشکده گیاهان دارویی و صنعتی، اردکان، ایران.)
زهرا فخاری پور چرخابی
5
(گروه علوم باغبانی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه، اردکان، ایران.)
کلید واژه: نشت یونی, کلروفیل, رشد رویشی, سدیم, گیاه زینتی,
چکیده مقاله :
شاه پسند درختچه ای (Lantana camara Linn.) گیاه زینتی گلدار و متعلق به خانواده شاه پسند است. هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی تاثیر محلول پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک بر گلدهی و خصوصیات رشدی شاه پسند درختچه ای تحت تنش شوری بود. آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی، شامل سه سطح اسید سالیسیلیک (0، 5/0 و 1 میلی مولار) و پنج سطح شوری آبیاری (5/0، 3، 5، 7 و 9 دسی زیمنس برمتر)، به اجرا درآمد. نتایج به دست آمده نشان داد که افزایش سطح شوری از 5/0 به 9 دسی زیمنس بر متر به طور معنی داری باعث کاهش کلیه سطوح پارامترهای رشدی، محتوای کلروفیل و جذب پتاسیم شد. در حالی که جذب سدیم، نسبت سدیم به پتاسیم و نشت یونی نسبت به شاهد افزایش یافت. همچنین، نتایج نشان داد که اسید سالیسیلیک به طور قابل توجهی رشد گیاه و صفات فیزیولوژیک را بهبود بخشید. در شوری نه دسی زیمنس بر متر استفاده از یک میلی مولار اسید دسالیسیلیک میزان ارتفاع شاخه اصلی و تعداد گل ها را به ترتیب 22/3 و 14/2 برابر نسبت به شاهد افزایش و جذب سدیم را 46/2 برابر کاهش داد. در همین سطح شوری تیمار گیاهان با 5/0 میلی مولار اسید سالیسیلیک منجر به افزایش ارتفاع گیاه، قطر ساقه، افزایش قطر شاخه اصلی، تعداد گل ها و وزن تر گل به ترتیب 64/70 درصد، 15/2، 14/2 و 8/5 برابر، نسبت به شاهد شد. با توجه به اینکه گیاهان تا شوری هفت دسی زیمنس بر متر به خوبی رشد رویشی و گلدهی خود را حفظ نمود، به نظر می رسد که گیاه شاهپسند قادر به تحمل شوری باشد. به طور کلی، استفاده از اسید سالیسیلیک (5/0 میلی مولار) در سطوح بالای شوری باعث بهبود خصوصیات رویشی، گلدهی و جذب عناصر غذایی تحت تنش شوری شد.
Lantana camara Linn. is a flowering ornamental plant belonging to family Verbenaceae. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of salicylic acid foliar application on flowering improvement and growth characteristics of lantana under salinity stress. In a factorial experiment and completely randomized design (CRD), three levels of SA (0, 0.5 and 1mM) and five levels of salinity (0.5, 3, 5, 7 and 9 dS.m-1) were applied. The results indicated that increasing salinity levels from 0.5 to 9 dS.m-1 significantly reduced all studied growth parameters levels, chlorophyll contents and potassium uptake. While Na+uptake, Na+/K+ and ion leakage were increased relative to control. Also, the results indicated that the salicylic acid significantly increased plant growth and physiological traits. Application of salicylic acid (0.5 mM) improved vegetative, flowering growth and nutrient uptake under salt stress. At salinity level of 9 dS m-1, application of 1mM salicylic acid increased the height of the main branch and the number of flowers by3.22 and 2.14 times, respectively, compared to the control and decreased the sodium uptake by 2.46 times. At the same level of salinity, treatment of plants by 0.5mM salicylic acid increased plant height, stem diameter, increased diameter of main branch, number of flowers and fresh weight of flowers by 70.64%, 2.15, 2.14 and 5.8 times respectively, in compare to the control. Considering that the plants maintained their vegetative growth and flowering well up to salinity level of 7dS.m-1, it seems that the lantana is able to tolerate salinity. In general, It seems that under high salinity levels, salicylic acid (0.5 mM) was the most effective treatment for mitigating the deleterious effect of salt stress in lantana plants.
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