بررسی فعالیت آنزیمهای آنتی اکسیدانی جوانه خواب و جوانه فعال در ارقام کلون 100 و هیبرید گیاه چای (Camellia sinensis L)
محورهای موضوعی : ژنتیکسیده مهری جوادی 1 , مینا بیگ محمدی 2
1 - گروه پژوهشی فیزیولوژی و ژنتیک گیاهی،پژوهشکده علوم پایه کاربردی جهاد دانشگاهی، تهران، ایران.
2 - گروه علوم گیاهی، دانشکده علوم طبیعی ، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.
کلید واژه: چای, جوانه خواب, جوانه فعال, فعالیت آنزیم آنتی‌اکسیدانی,
چکیده مقاله :
عملکرد و کیفیت عصاره برگی گیاه چای (Camellia sinensis L.) به عنوان یک نوشیدنی سالم در سراسر جهان،بستگی به رشد رویشی شاخساره و خواب جوانه دارد. خواب جوانه در مرحله برداشت برگ باعث افزایش فاصله برداشت برگ می شود و عملکرد را کاهش می دهد. در این مطالعه تغییرات فعالیت آنزیم های آنتی اکسیداتیو در جوانه های فعال و خواب گیاه چای در دو رقم کلون 100 و هیبرید بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد تغییرات معنی داری در فعالیت آنزیم های مورد بررسی وجود داشت که حاکی از وجود تنوع ژنتیکی بین آنها بود. فعالیت آنزیم ها از جمله آسکوربات پراکسیداز، کاتالاز و پراکسیداز در جوانه خواب بالاتر از جوانه فعال بود، اما فعالیت آنزیم پلی فنل اکسیداز در جوانه فعال بیشتر از جوانه خواب بود. با توجه به نتایح بدست آمده به نظر می رسد تغییرات بیوشیمیایی در ایجاد جوانه خواب و جوانه فعال نقش داشته و از این تغییرات می توان به‌عنوان نشانگر بیوشیمیایی در برآورد تشخیص عملکرد ارقام چای و کاهش دوره خواب جوانه بهره جست.
The yield and quality of tea depend on the shoot growth and bud dormancy. Tea (Camellia sinensis) is one of the natural sources of bioactive compounds, such as caffeine, catechins, and antioxidants, which is consumed as a “health drink” due to its beneficial medicinal properties. The bud dormancy increases the distance of leaf plucking and reduces the yield of tea. In this study, activities of antioxidant enzymes were assessed in banjhi and active buds in two cultivars, clone 100 and hybrid. The results showed that there were significant differences in antioxidant enzyme activity, indicating genetic diversity between them. The activities of enzymes such as ascorbate peroxidase, catalase and peroxidase in the banjhi buds were higher than the active buds, however, in banjhi buds, the peroxidase activity was higher than the active budsThe yield and quality of tea, which is consumed as a “health drink”, depend on the shoot growth and bud dormancy. The bud dormancy increases the distance of leaf plucking and reduces the yield of tea. In this study, activities of antioxidant enzymes were assessed in banjhi and active buds in two cultivars, clone 100 and hybrid. The results showed that there were significant differences in antioxidant enzyme activity, indicating genetic diversity between them. The activities of enzymes such as ascorbate peroxidase, catalase and peroxidase in the banjhi buds were higher than the active buds, however, in banjhi buds, the peroxidase activity was higher than the active buds. According to the results, it seems that biochemical changes are involved in the development of banjhi bud and active bud and these changes can be used as a biochemical marker not only in detecting the yield of tea cultivars but also in reducing the dormant periods.
References
Afshar-Mohammadian, M., Mosayebi, M. and Jamal Omidi, M. (2014). Seasonal Variation of Phenolic Components in Two Clones of Tea (Camellia Sinensis (L.) O Kuntze). Iranian Journal Of Plant Biology. 6:17-28.
Agrimonti, C.and Marmiroli, N. (2008). Gene Expression During Transition from Dormancy to Sprouting in Potato Tubers. Fruit. vegetable and cereal science and biotechnology. 2:95-109.
Bajji, M., M'Hamdi, M., Gastiny, F., Rojas-Beltran, JA. and Du Jardin, P. (2007). Catalase Inhibition Accelerates Dormancy Release and Sprouting in Potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.) Tubers. Biotechnology, Agronomy, Society and Environment. 11:121-131.
Barua, D. and Das, S. (1979). Mechanism of Growth Periodicity in Tea [India]. Two and a Bud
Benkeblia, N. and Shiomi, N. (2004). Chilling Effect on Soluble Sugars, Respiration Rate, Total Phenolics, Peroxidase Activity and Dormancy of Onion Bulbs. Scientia Agricola, 61:281-285.
Bradford, MM. (1976). A Rapid and Sensitive Method for the Quantitation of Microgram Quantities of Protein Utilizing the Principle of Protein-Dye Binding. Analytical biochemistry, 72:248-254.
Bravo, L. (1998). Polyphenols: Chemistry, Dietary Sources, Metabolism, and Nutritional Significance. Nutrition reviews, 56:317-333.
Chance, B. and Maehly, A. (1955). Assay of Catalases and Peroxidases. Methods of biochemical analysis. 1954;1:357-424.
Codignola, A., Maffei, M. and Fieschi, M. (1988). Phenols and Bud Dormancy: Ii. Qualitative Variations in Endogenous Phenols in Dormant Buds of Fagus Sylvatica L,. New phytologist, 110:473-477.
El-Maarouf-Bouteau, H. and Bailly, C. (2008). Oxidative Signaling in Seed Germination and Dormancy. Plant Signaling & Behavior, 3:175-182.
Halaly, T., Pang, X., Batikoff, T., Crane, O., Keren, A., Venkateswari, J., Ogrodovitch, A., Sadka, A., Lavee, S. and Or, E. (2008). Similar Mechanisms Might Be Triggered by Alternative External Stimuli That Induce Dormancy Release in Grape Buds. Planta, 228:79-88.
Jeyaraj, A., Chandran, V. and Gajjeraman, P. (2014). Differential Expression of Micrornas in Dormant Bud of Tea [Camellia Sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze]. Plant cell reports, 33:1053-1069.
Kaminski, W. and Rom, R .(1974). Possible Role of Catalase in the Rest of Peach, Prunus Persica, Sieb. And Zucc., Flower Buds. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 84-86.
Kar, M. and Mishra, D. (1976). Catalase, Peroxidase, and Polyphenoloxidase Activities During Rice Leaf Senescence. Plant physiology, 57:315-319..
Luck, H. (1974) Catalase in Methods of Enzymatic Analysis, Vol Ii, Edited by J Bergmeyer and M Grabi. Academic press, New York.885-890.
M’Hamdi, M., Beji, H., Belbahri, L., Bettaieb, T., Kouki, K. and Harbaoui, Y. (2009). Hydrogen Peroxide and a Catalase, Physiological Regulators of Potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.) Tuber Dormancy. The African Journal of Plant Science and Biotechnology, 3:12-15.
MacAdam, JW., Nelson, CJ. and Sharp, RE. (1992). Peroxidase Activity in the Leaf Elongation Zone of Tall Fescue: I. Spatial Distribution of Ionically Bound Peroxidase Activity in Genotypes Differing in Length of the Elongation Zone. Plant Physiology, 99:872-878.
Mazzitelli, L., Hancock, RD., Haupt, S., Walker, PG., Pont, SD., McNicol, J., Cardle, L., Morris, J., Viola, R. and Brennan, R. (2007). Co-Ordinated Gene Expression During Phases of Dormancy Release in Raspberry (Rubus Idaeus L.) Buds. Journal of experimental botany, 58:1035-1045.
Nakano, Y.and Asada, K. (1981). Hydrogen Peroxide Is Scavenged by Ascorbate-Specific Peroxidase in Spinach Chloroplasts. Plant and cell physiology, 22:867-880.
Nir, G., Shulman, Y., Fanberstein, L.and Lavee, S. (1986). Changes in the Activity of Catalase (Ec 1.11. 1.6) in Relation to the Dormancy of Grapevine (Vitis Vinifera L.) Buds. Plant physiology, 81:1140-1142.
Pandey, P., Irulappan, V., Bagavathiannan, MV. and Senthil-Kumar, M. (2017). Impact of Combined Abiotic and Biotic Stresses on Plant Growth and Avenues for Crop Improvement by Exploiting Physio-Morphological Traits. Frontiers in plant science 8:537.
Pérez, FJ. and Lira, W. (2005). Possible Role of Catalase in Post-Dormancy Bud Break in Grapevines. Journal of Plant Physiology. 162:301-308.
Pnueli, L., HallakHerr, E., Rozenberg, M., Cohen, M., Goloubinoff, P., Kaplan, A. and Mittler, R. (2002). Molecular and Biochemical Mechanisms Associated with Dormancy and Drought Tolerance in the Desert Legume Retama Raetam. The Plant Journal. 31:319-330.
Prasanth, MI., Sivamaruthi, BS., Chaiyasut, C.and Tencomnao, T. (2019). A Review of the Role of Green Tea (Camellia Sinensis) in Antiphotoaging, Stress Resistance, Neuroprotection and Autophagy. Nutrients. 11(2):474.
Thirugnanasambantham, K., Prabu, G., Palanisamy, S., Chandrabose, SRS. and Mandal, AKA. (2013). Analysis of Dormant Bud (Banjhi) Specific Transcriptome of Tea (Camellia Sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) from Cdna Library Revealed Dormancy-Related Genes. Applied biochemistry and biotechnology. 169:1405-1417.
Vyas, D., Kumar, S.and Ahuja, PS. (2007). Tea (Camellia Sinensis) Clones with Shorter Periods of Winter Dormancy Exhibit Lower Accumulation of Reactive Oxygen Species. Tree physiology. 27:1253-1259.
Wang, SY., Jiao, HJ.and Faust, M. (1991). Changes in Ascorbate, Glutathione, and Related Enzyme Activities During ThidiazuronInduced Bud Break of Apple. Physiologia Plantarum. 82:231-236.
Wijeratne, M. (2001). Shoot Growth and Harvesting of Tea.
Wojtyla, Ł., Lechowska, K., Kubala, S.and Garnczarska, M. (2016). Different Modes of Hydrogen Peroxide Action During Seed Germination. Frontiers in plant science. 7:66-82.
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References
Afshar-Mohammadian, M., Mosayebi, M. and Jamal Omidi, M. (2014). Seasonal Variation of Phenolic Components in Two Clones of Tea (Camellia Sinensis (L.) O Kuntze). Iranian Journal Of Plant Biology. 6:17-28.
Agrimonti, C.and Marmiroli, N. (2008). Gene Expression During Transition from Dormancy to Sprouting in Potato Tubers. Fruit. vegetable and cereal science and biotechnology. 2:95-109.
Bajji, M., M'Hamdi, M., Gastiny, F., Rojas-Beltran, JA. and Du Jardin, P. (2007). Catalase Inhibition Accelerates Dormancy Release and Sprouting in Potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.) Tubers. Biotechnology, Agronomy, Society and Environment. 11:121-131.
Barua, D. and Das, S. (1979). Mechanism of Growth Periodicity in Tea [India]. Two and a Bud
Benkeblia, N. and Shiomi, N. (2004). Chilling Effect on Soluble Sugars, Respiration Rate, Total Phenolics, Peroxidase Activity and Dormancy of Onion Bulbs. Scientia Agricola, 61:281-285.
Bradford, MM. (1976). A Rapid and Sensitive Method for the Quantitation of Microgram Quantities of Protein Utilizing the Principle of Protein-Dye Binding. Analytical biochemistry, 72:248-254.
Bravo, L. (1998). Polyphenols: Chemistry, Dietary Sources, Metabolism, and Nutritional Significance. Nutrition reviews, 56:317-333.
Chance, B. and Maehly, A. (1955). Assay of Catalases and Peroxidases. Methods of biochemical analysis. 1954;1:357-424.
Codignola, A., Maffei, M. and Fieschi, M. (1988). Phenols and Bud Dormancy: Ii. Qualitative Variations in Endogenous Phenols in Dormant Buds of Fagus Sylvatica L,. New phytologist, 110:473-477.
El-Maarouf-Bouteau, H. and Bailly, C. (2008). Oxidative Signaling in Seed Germination and Dormancy. Plant Signaling & Behavior, 3:175-182.
Halaly, T., Pang, X., Batikoff, T., Crane, O., Keren, A., Venkateswari, J., Ogrodovitch, A., Sadka, A., Lavee, S. and Or, E. (2008). Similar Mechanisms Might Be Triggered by Alternative External Stimuli That Induce Dormancy Release in Grape Buds. Planta, 228:79-88.
Jeyaraj, A., Chandran, V. and Gajjeraman, P. (2014). Differential Expression of Micrornas in Dormant Bud of Tea [Camellia Sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze]. Plant cell reports, 33:1053-1069.
Kaminski, W. and Rom, R .(1974). Possible Role of Catalase in the Rest of Peach, Prunus Persica, Sieb. And Zucc., Flower Buds. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 84-86.
Kar, M. and Mishra, D. (1976). Catalase, Peroxidase, and Polyphenoloxidase Activities During Rice Leaf Senescence. Plant physiology, 57:315-319..
Luck, H. (1974) Catalase in Methods of Enzymatic Analysis, Vol Ii, Edited by J Bergmeyer and M Grabi. Academic press, New York.885-890.
M’Hamdi, M., Beji, H., Belbahri, L., Bettaieb, T., Kouki, K. and Harbaoui, Y. (2009). Hydrogen Peroxide and a Catalase, Physiological Regulators of Potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.) Tuber Dormancy. The African Journal of Plant Science and Biotechnology, 3:12-15.
MacAdam, JW., Nelson, CJ. and Sharp, RE. (1992). Peroxidase Activity in the Leaf Elongation Zone of Tall Fescue: I. Spatial Distribution of Ionically Bound Peroxidase Activity in Genotypes Differing in Length of the Elongation Zone. Plant Physiology, 99:872-878.
Mazzitelli, L., Hancock, RD., Haupt, S., Walker, PG., Pont, SD., McNicol, J., Cardle, L., Morris, J., Viola, R. and Brennan, R. (2007). Co-Ordinated Gene Expression During Phases of Dormancy Release in Raspberry (Rubus Idaeus L.) Buds. Journal of experimental botany, 58:1035-1045.
Nakano, Y.and Asada, K. (1981). Hydrogen Peroxide Is Scavenged by Ascorbate-Specific Peroxidase in Spinach Chloroplasts. Plant and cell physiology, 22:867-880.
Nir, G., Shulman, Y., Fanberstein, L.and Lavee, S. (1986). Changes in the Activity of Catalase (Ec 1.11. 1.6) in Relation to the Dormancy of Grapevine (Vitis Vinifera L.) Buds. Plant physiology, 81:1140-1142.
Pandey, P., Irulappan, V., Bagavathiannan, MV. and Senthil-Kumar, M. (2017). Impact of Combined Abiotic and Biotic Stresses on Plant Growth and Avenues for Crop Improvement by Exploiting Physio-Morphological Traits. Frontiers in plant science 8:537.
Pérez, FJ. and Lira, W. (2005). Possible Role of Catalase in Post-Dormancy Bud Break in Grapevines. Journal of Plant Physiology. 162:301-308.
Pnueli, L., HallakHerr, E., Rozenberg, M., Cohen, M., Goloubinoff, P., Kaplan, A. and Mittler, R. (2002). Molecular and Biochemical Mechanisms Associated with Dormancy and Drought Tolerance in the Desert Legume Retama Raetam. The Plant Journal. 31:319-330.
Prasanth, MI., Sivamaruthi, BS., Chaiyasut, C.and Tencomnao, T. (2019). A Review of the Role of Green Tea (Camellia Sinensis) in Antiphotoaging, Stress Resistance, Neuroprotection and Autophagy. Nutrients. 11(2):474.
Thirugnanasambantham, K., Prabu, G., Palanisamy, S., Chandrabose, SRS. and Mandal, AKA. (2013). Analysis of Dormant Bud (Banjhi) Specific Transcriptome of Tea (Camellia Sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) from Cdna Library Revealed Dormancy-Related Genes. Applied biochemistry and biotechnology. 169:1405-1417.
Vyas, D., Kumar, S.and Ahuja, PS. (2007). Tea (Camellia Sinensis) Clones with Shorter Periods of Winter Dormancy Exhibit Lower Accumulation of Reactive Oxygen Species. Tree physiology. 27:1253-1259.
Wang, SY., Jiao, HJ.and Faust, M. (1991). Changes in Ascorbate, Glutathione, and Related Enzyme Activities During ThidiazuronInduced Bud Break of Apple. Physiologia Plantarum. 82:231-236.
Wijeratne, M. (2001). Shoot Growth and Harvesting of Tea.
Wojtyla, Ł., Lechowska, K., Kubala, S.and Garnczarska, M. (2016). Different Modes of Hydrogen Peroxide Action During Seed Germination. Frontiers in plant science. 7:66-82.