بررسی اثر کاربرد سطوح مختلف تفاله زیتون (Olea europaea L.) بر عملکرد سه رقم برنج (Oryza sativa L.) در شرایط آب و هوایی خوزستان
محورهای موضوعی : ژنتیکآزاده نیرومند 1 , سید منصور سیدنژاد 2 , فرشاد ابراهیم پور 3 , عبدالعلی گیلانی 4 , غلامرضا بخشی خانیکی 5
1 - گروه زیست شناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران
2 - گروه زیست شناسی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران
3 - گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران
4 - بخش اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان،
سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اهواز، ایران
5 - گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: برنج, عملکرد دانه, کربوهیدرات, کود آلی, تفاله زیتون,
چکیده مقاله :
این مطالعه با هدف بررسی اثر تفاله حاصل از روغن کشی زیتون (Olea europaea L.) بر برخی صفات فیزیولوژیکی و عملکرد دانه سه رقم برنج (Oryza sativa L.) انجام گرفت. آزمایش در شرایط گلدانی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. کشت سه رقم مختلف گیاه برنج چمپا، دانیال و عنبوری قرمز در خاک‌هایی که با نسبت‌های w/w 1،3،5،7 درصد از تفاله میوه زیتون مخلوط شده بودند، در محیط باز قرار گرفتند. پس از رشد و رسیدگی کامل برنج محتوای کربوهیدرات‌های محلول دانه، پرولین اندام هوایی، میانگین وزن خوشه، میانگین تعداد دانه‌های خوشه، وزن هزار دانه، شاخص برداشت، عملکرد دانه و زیست توده اندازه گیری شد. مقدار عناصرپتاسیم، فسفر، نیتروژن و روی موجود در تیمارهای مختلف تفاله نیز مورد اندازه گیری قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد تفاله منجر به افزایش معنی‌دار در میزان شاخص‌های رشد گیاهان مورد مطالعه نسبت به شاهد گردید. از بین تیمارهای بررسی شده، در نسبت 5 درصد، شاخص‌های رشد افزایش یافتند. علت احتمالی این امر می تواند وجود عناصر موثر بر رشد گیاه در تفاله زیتون باشد.
This study was performed to investigate the effect of applying olive (Olea europaea L.) pomace on some physiological characteristics and grain yield of three cultivars of rice (Oryza sativa L.). A pot experiment was used based on a completely randomized factorial design with three replications. Five levels of olive fruit pomace (0, 1, 3, 5, and 7% w/w) were applied to three rice cultivars of Champa, Danial, and Red Anbouri. After full growth and maturity of rice, grain soluble carbohydrate content, shoot proline content, mean panicle weight, main grain number per panicle, 1000 grain weight, panicle harvest index, grain yield, 1000-grain, and the biomass were measured. Also, the amount of K, P, N, and Zn in the different treatments of olive fruit pomace was measured. The results showed that application of olive pomace caused a significant increase in the characteristics under investigation compared to control. Under study treatments, growth indices improved at 5% w/w. The possible reason for this could be the existence of elements effective on plant growth in pomace treatments.
Ahadi. N., Poor akbar, L. (2017). Effect of three salty region soils on some growth and biochemical factors of Halocnemum strobilaceum. Journal of Iranian Plant Ecophysiological Research. 11(44): 1-9.
Ahmadinezhad, R., Najafi, N., Aliasgharzad, N. and Oustan, S.H. (2012). Effect of organic and nitrogen fertilizer on water use efficiency, yield and the growth characteristics of wheat. Water and Soil Science Journal. 23(2): 177-194.
Ashoori, M., Esfahani, M,. Abdollahi, S. and Rabiei, B. (2014). Effect of foliar application of organic fertilizer complements on grain yield, yield components and quality in two rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars. Cereal Research. 3(4):291-305.
Anamul, Md. and Moynul, M. (2016). Growth, yield and nitrogen use efficiency of new rice variety under variable nitrogen rates. American Journal of Plant Science. 7:612-622.
Bates, L.S., Waldren, R.P., Tear, I.D. (1975). Rapid determination of free proline for water stress studies. Plant and soil. 39: 205-207.
Carvalho, M.E.A., Castro, P.R.C., Novembre, A. and Chamma, H.M.C.P. (2013). Seaweed extract provides development and production of wheat. Revista Agrarian. 7 (23): 166-170.
Divsalar, R., Sam Deliri, M., Nasiri, M., Amiri Larijani, B., MosaviMircolai, A and Sadeghi, N.(2011). Effect of organic and nitrogen fertilizers incorporation on yield and yield components of rice in SRI system. Journal of Crop Production Research. 3(2): 217-230
Dubios, M.K., Gilles A., Hamilton, J.K., Rpberts, P.A. (1956). Colorometric method for determination of sugars and related substances. Journal of Analytical Chemistry. 3: 350-356.
Ghaedi, M., Mousavinik, M., Khammari, I., Rahim, M .(2016). The changes of yield and essential oil component of Germa Chamomoile under application of phosphorous and zinc fertilizers and drought stress conditions. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agriculture Science. In press. 16(1):60-65.
Ghafari, A., Seyyed nejad, S.M. and Gilani, A.A. (2017). The effect of foliar spray of brown seaweed water extract and different levels of nitrogen on some physiological, biochemical, parameters and yield of wheat. Journal of Iranian Plant Ecophysiological Research. 11(41): 13-25.
Ghorbanli, M. and Asadolahi, F. (2015). Study of seasonal changes of two osmolith in three variety at Khorasan razavi. Journal of Iranian Plant Ecophysiological Research. 10(38): 57-67
Gilani, A.A. (1997). Oryza sativa Research Report. Khuzestan Agricultural Research Center.47-52.
Holon, E.A. (1998). Elemental determination by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. In handbook of refrence method for plant analysis. Soil and Plant Analysis Council. Inc., CRC Press, Florida, USA. pp: 157-164.
Honarnejad, R. (2002). Study of correlation between some quantitative traits and grain yield in rice (Oryza sativa L.) using path analysis. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences.4(1):25-35
Ilay, R., Kavdir, Y. and Sümer, A. (2013).The effect of olive oil solid waste application on soil properties and growth of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation. 85:254-259.
Jamil Mahmud, A., Shamsuddoha, A.T. and Nazmul, Md. (2016). Effect of organic and inorganic fertilizer on the growth and yield of rice. Nature and Science. 14(2):45-54.
Jamshidi, F. (2015). Effect of olive oil pomace on rice growth. Thesis of Plant Physiology Master, Chamran University.
Kalaivanan, C., Chandrasekaran, M. and Venkatesalu, V. (2012). Effect of seaweed liquid extract of Caulerpa scalpelliformis on growth and biochemical constituents of black gram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper). Phycological Society. 42 (2): 46-53.
Latique, S. and Candidate, D. (2013). Seaweed liquid fertilizer effect on physiological and biochemical parameters of bean plant (Phaesolus vulgaris variety paulista) under hydroponic system. EuropeanScientificJournal. 9(30): 174-191.
Limochi, K,. Siadat, A. and Gilani, A.A. (2014). Sowing dates effect on yield and growth indexes of rice cultivars in northern Khozestan. Journal Crop Production. 6(2):167-184.
Mahajan, A. and Gupta, R.D. (2009). Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) in a Sustainable Rice- Wheat Cropping System. Springer.13-30.
Mechri, B., Cheheb, H., Boussadia, O., Attia, F., Mariem, F.B., Braham, M. and Hammami, M. (2011). Effects of organic application of olive mill wastewater in a field of olive trees on carbohydrate profiles, chlorophyll a flurescence and mineral nutrient. Envioronmental and Experimental Botany. 71(2):184-191.
Mukesh, T.S., Sudhakar, T.Z., Doongar, R.C., Karuppanan, E. and Jitendra, C. (2013). Seaweed sap as alternative liquid fertilizer for yield and quality improvement of wheat. Journal Plant Nutrition. 36 (1): 192-200.
Navarro-leon, E., Albacete, A., Gonzalez, A. and Begona Blasco, J. (2016). Phytohormone profile in Lactuca sativa and Brassica oleracea plants grown under Zn deficiency. Phytochemistry. In press. 4:1-5.
Peng, S. and Senadhara, D. (2003). Genetic enhancement of rice yield. Crop Science. 4(51):238-246.
Rahimi, S. (2009). A review of biofertilizers and their role in nutrition and health of society people. Journal of Water and Soil. 30(2): 97-103.
Rincon, B., Fewrmoso, F.G. and Borja, R. (2012). Olive oil mill waste treatment: improving the sustainability of the olive oil industry with anaerobic digestion technology. In Tech-open Access Publisher. 277-292.
Saadati jebeli, S. (2011). The effect of foliar application of zinc and boron on quantitative and qualitative
characteristics of three olive cultivars. Thesis of Agriculture Master, Chamran University.
Shshbazi, F. (2015). Effect of seaweed extracts of Ulva fasciata,Gracilaria corticataand, the growth, biochemical constituents and antioxidant activity of Triticum aestivum. Thesis of Plant Physiology Master, Kharazmi University.
Shahsawari, N. and Saffari, M. (2006). The effect of different levels of nitrogen on the function and elements of the varieties of wheat in Kerman. Pajouhesh and Sazandegi Journal. 66: 82-87
Sridhar, S. and Rengasamy, R. (2010). Studies on the effect of seaweed liquid fertilizer on the flowering plant Tagetes erecta in field trial. Advances in Bioresearch. 1(2): 29-34
Tahami, S.M.K., Rezvani Moghaddam, P. and Jahan, M. (2010). Comparison the effect of organic and chemical fertilizers on yield and essential oil percentage of Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). Journal of Agroecology. 2(1): 63-74
Vafaei, M. (2013). A study on allelopathic effect of olive pomace on wheat growth. Thesis of Plant Physiology Master, Chamran University.
Veisi. A., Binaeean. A., Salehi nia. Z. (2015). Compared effect of vermicompost,inorganic fertilizer on quality and yeil of tomato. Journal of Iranian Plant Ecophysiological Research. 9(36):21-33.
Zand, B., Soroosh zadeh, A., Ghanati, F. and Moradi, F. (2010). Effect of zinc and auxin foliar application on some anti-oxidant enzymes activity in corn leaf. Iranian Journal of Plant Biology.2(1): 35-48.
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Ahadi. N., Poor akbar, L. (2017). Effect of three salty region soils on some growth and biochemical factors of Halocnemum strobilaceum. Journal of Iranian Plant Ecophysiological Research. 11(44): 1-9.
Ahmadinezhad, R., Najafi, N., Aliasgharzad, N. and Oustan, S.H. (2012). Effect of organic and nitrogen fertilizer on water use efficiency, yield and the growth characteristics of wheat. Water and Soil Science Journal. 23(2): 177-194.
Ashoori, M., Esfahani, M,. Abdollahi, S. and Rabiei, B. (2014). Effect of foliar application of organic fertilizer complements on grain yield, yield components and quality in two rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars. Cereal Research. 3(4):291-305.
Anamul, Md. and Moynul, M. (2016). Growth, yield and nitrogen use efficiency of new rice variety under variable nitrogen rates. American Journal of Plant Science. 7:612-622.
Bates, L.S., Waldren, R.P., Tear, I.D. (1975). Rapid determination of free proline for water stress studies. Plant and soil. 39: 205-207.
Carvalho, M.E.A., Castro, P.R.C., Novembre, A. and Chamma, H.M.C.P. (2013). Seaweed extract provides development and production of wheat. Revista Agrarian. 7 (23): 166-170.
Divsalar, R., Sam Deliri, M., Nasiri, M., Amiri Larijani, B., MosaviMircolai, A and Sadeghi, N.(2011). Effect of organic and nitrogen fertilizers incorporation on yield and yield components of rice in SRI system. Journal of Crop Production Research. 3(2): 217-230
Dubios, M.K., Gilles A., Hamilton, J.K., Rpberts, P.A. (1956). Colorometric method for determination of sugars and related substances. Journal of Analytical Chemistry. 3: 350-356.
Ghaedi, M., Mousavinik, M., Khammari, I., Rahim, M .(2016). The changes of yield and essential oil component of Germa Chamomoile under application of phosphorous and zinc fertilizers and drought stress conditions. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agriculture Science. In press. 16(1):60-65.
Ghafari, A., Seyyed nejad, S.M. and Gilani, A.A. (2017). The effect of foliar spray of brown seaweed water extract and different levels of nitrogen on some physiological, biochemical, parameters and yield of wheat. Journal of Iranian Plant Ecophysiological Research. 11(41): 13-25.
Ghorbanli, M. and Asadolahi, F. (2015). Study of seasonal changes of two osmolith in three variety at Khorasan razavi. Journal of Iranian Plant Ecophysiological Research. 10(38): 57-67
Gilani, A.A. (1997). Oryza sativa Research Report. Khuzestan Agricultural Research Center.47-52.
Holon, E.A. (1998). Elemental determination by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. In handbook of refrence method for plant analysis. Soil and Plant Analysis Council. Inc., CRC Press, Florida, USA. pp: 157-164.
Honarnejad, R. (2002). Study of correlation between some quantitative traits and grain yield in rice (Oryza sativa L.) using path analysis. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences.4(1):25-35
Ilay, R., Kavdir, Y. and Sümer, A. (2013).The effect of olive oil solid waste application on soil properties and growth of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation. 85:254-259.
Jamil Mahmud, A., Shamsuddoha, A.T. and Nazmul, Md. (2016). Effect of organic and inorganic fertilizer on the growth and yield of rice. Nature and Science. 14(2):45-54.
Jamshidi, F. (2015). Effect of olive oil pomace on rice growth. Thesis of Plant Physiology Master, Chamran University.
Kalaivanan, C., Chandrasekaran, M. and Venkatesalu, V. (2012). Effect of seaweed liquid extract of Caulerpa scalpelliformis on growth and biochemical constituents of black gram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper). Phycological Society. 42 (2): 46-53.
Latique, S. and Candidate, D. (2013). Seaweed liquid fertilizer effect on physiological and biochemical parameters of bean plant (Phaesolus vulgaris variety paulista) under hydroponic system. EuropeanScientificJournal. 9(30): 174-191.
Limochi, K,. Siadat, A. and Gilani, A.A. (2014). Sowing dates effect on yield and growth indexes of rice cultivars in northern Khozestan. Journal Crop Production. 6(2):167-184.
Mahajan, A. and Gupta, R.D. (2009). Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) in a Sustainable Rice- Wheat Cropping System. Springer.13-30.
Mechri, B., Cheheb, H., Boussadia, O., Attia, F., Mariem, F.B., Braham, M. and Hammami, M. (2011). Effects of organic application of olive mill wastewater in a field of olive trees on carbohydrate profiles, chlorophyll a flurescence and mineral nutrient. Envioronmental and Experimental Botany. 71(2):184-191.
Mukesh, T.S., Sudhakar, T.Z., Doongar, R.C., Karuppanan, E. and Jitendra, C. (2013). Seaweed sap as alternative liquid fertilizer for yield and quality improvement of wheat. Journal Plant Nutrition. 36 (1): 192-200.
Navarro-leon, E., Albacete, A., Gonzalez, A. and Begona Blasco, J. (2016). Phytohormone profile in Lactuca sativa and Brassica oleracea plants grown under Zn deficiency. Phytochemistry. In press. 4:1-5.
Peng, S. and Senadhara, D. (2003). Genetic enhancement of rice yield. Crop Science. 4(51):238-246.
Rahimi, S. (2009). A review of biofertilizers and their role in nutrition and health of society people. Journal of Water and Soil. 30(2): 97-103.
Rincon, B., Fewrmoso, F.G. and Borja, R. (2012). Olive oil mill waste treatment: improving the sustainability of the olive oil industry with anaerobic digestion technology. In Tech-open Access Publisher. 277-292.
Saadati jebeli, S. (2011). The effect of foliar application of zinc and boron on quantitative and qualitative
characteristics of three olive cultivars. Thesis of Agriculture Master, Chamran University.
Shshbazi, F. (2015). Effect of seaweed extracts of Ulva fasciata,Gracilaria corticataand, the growth, biochemical constituents and antioxidant activity of Triticum aestivum. Thesis of Plant Physiology Master, Kharazmi University.
Shahsawari, N. and Saffari, M. (2006). The effect of different levels of nitrogen on the function and elements of the varieties of wheat in Kerman. Pajouhesh and Sazandegi Journal. 66: 82-87
Sridhar, S. and Rengasamy, R. (2010). Studies on the effect of seaweed liquid fertilizer on the flowering plant Tagetes erecta in field trial. Advances in Bioresearch. 1(2): 29-34
Tahami, S.M.K., Rezvani Moghaddam, P. and Jahan, M. (2010). Comparison the effect of organic and chemical fertilizers on yield and essential oil percentage of Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). Journal of Agroecology. 2(1): 63-74
Vafaei, M. (2013). A study on allelopathic effect of olive pomace on wheat growth. Thesis of Plant Physiology Master, Chamran University.
Veisi. A., Binaeean. A., Salehi nia. Z. (2015). Compared effect of vermicompost,inorganic fertilizer on quality and yeil of tomato. Journal of Iranian Plant Ecophysiological Research. 9(36):21-33.
Zand, B., Soroosh zadeh, A., Ghanati, F. and Moradi, F. (2010). Effect of zinc and auxin foliar application on some anti-oxidant enzymes activity in corn leaf. Iranian Journal of Plant Biology.2(1): 35-48.