اثر پاکلوبوترازول و براسینواستروئید بر بیان ژن 1- دئوکسی گزیلولوز 5- فسفات ردوکتاز ایزومراز و ارتباط آن با بیوسنتز مونوترپن کارواکرول و تیمول در گیاه آویشن دنایی (Thymus daenenesis Celak) تحت تنش خشکی

محورهای موضوعی : ژنتیک

مریم محمدی فارسانی ¹ (گروه زیست شناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران شرق، ایران)
عبدالله قاسمی پیربلوطی ² (مرکز پژوهش‌های گیاهان دارویی و دام پزشکی سنتی، واحدشهر کرد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهرکرد، ایران)
غلامرضا بخشی خانیکی ³ (گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور تهران، ایران)
حسن ممتاز ⁴ (گروه میکروبیولوژی، واحد شهرکرد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهرکرد، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1395/07/22 تاریخ پذیرش : 1395/09/06 تاریخ انتشار : 1395/07/01

کلید واژه: اسانس, تیمول, آویشن دنایی, کارواکرول, پاکلوبوترازول, براسینواستروئید,

چکیده مقاله :

آویشن دنایی یک گیاه دارویی بومی ایران است که متعلق به نعنائیان (Labiatae) می‌باشد. این گیاه به‌طور گسترده در طب گیاهی و صنایع غذایی استفاده می‌شود و حاوی متابولیت‌های ثانویه (کارواکول و تیمول) می‌باشد. تنش خشکی، رشد و متابولیسم این گیاه را تحت تاثیر قرار می دهد. در این تحقیق اثر سطوح مختف تنش خشکی شامل شاهد (100 درصد ظرفیت مزرعه‌ای)، تنش ملایم (50 درصد ظرفیت مزرعه‌ای) و تنش شدید خشکی (25درصد ظرفیت مزرعه‌ای) به همراه 5/0 و 1 میکرو مول بر لیتر پاکلوبوترازول و نیز کاربرد غلظت‌های 5/2 و 5 میکرومول بر لیتر 28-هموبراسینواسترولید به صورت محلول در اتانول بر میزان کارواکرول و تیمول و اسانس آویشن دنایی در شرایط گلدانی و در محیط باز مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. همچنین بیان ژن 1- دئوکسی گزیلولوز 5- فسفات ردوکتاز در سطوح مختلف آبیاری با روش quantitative RT-PCR بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد که میزان بیان ژن 1- دئوکسی گزیلولوز 5- فسفات ردوکتاز ایزومراز در آبیاری کامل در بالاترین مقدار بوده و با ایجاد تنش خشکی تا سطح 25 درصد ظرفیت مزرعه ای از میزان بیان این ژن به صورت معنی داری کاسته شد .با رسیدن میزان خشکی به سطح 50 درصد ظرفیت مزرعه ای میزان بیان ژن افزایش یافت. از سوی دیگرمیزان کارواکررول در شرایط تنش شدید خشکی نسبت به حالت شاهد کاهش یافت و با اضافه شدن غلظت 28-هموبراسینواسترولید از سطح 5/2 به 5 µmol/l افزایش معنی دار در مقدار آن مشاهده شد. به علاوه در تنش خشکی شدید میزان تیمول در حضور حلال 28-هموبراسینواسترولید (اتانول) در مقایسه با حالت شاهد افزایش معنادار داشت.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Thymus daenensis Celak is a native herb in Iran which belongs to Labiatae family. The herb is widely used in traditional medicine and food industry and has contains secondary metabolites (carvacrol and thymol). Drought stress, affects the growth and metabolism of this plant. In this study, the effects of various levels of drought stress including control (100% field capacity), mild stress (25% field capacity) and severe stress (50% field capacity) with two concentrations (0.5 and 1 µmol /L) Paclobutrazol and also two concentrations (2.5 and 5 µmol /L) of 28-Homobrassinolide dissolved in ethanol were investigated on carvacrol and thymol and oil composition of Thymus daenensis in the pot and outdoorcondition. Also gene expression of 1-deoxy xylulose-5-phosphate reductoisomerase was investigated at various levels of irrigation using quantitative RT-PCR method. The results showed that high gene expression level of 1-deoxy xylulose-5-phosphate reductoisomerase was maximum under complete irrigation and imposing draught stress up to 25% field capacity decreased gene expression significantly. Increasing the draught stress to 50% field also decreased gene expression. The concentrations of carvacrol decreased under severe drought stress upto 25% field capacity in comparison with control and increasing the concentration of 28-Homobrassinolide from 2.5 to 5 µM/L led to a significant increase in the  concentrations of this compound were increased. Moreover, under severe drought stress, the concentration of thymol was increased in the presence of 28-Homobrassinolide solvent (ethanol) in comparison with the control.

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