اثرتنش خشکی روی کارایی باکتری‌های ریزوبیومی (Rhizobium leguminosarum) همزیست باقلا (Phaseoulus vulgaris) رقم برکت
محورهای موضوعی : تنش
محمد حسین ارزانش
1
(بخش تحقیقات خاک وآب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان گلستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، گرگان، ایران، )
کلید واژه: باقلا, ریزوبیوم لگمینوزارم, کارآیی تثبیت نیتروژن, تنش خشکی,
چکیده مقاله :
به منظور بررسی اثر تنش خشکی روی برخی از پارامترهای رشدی و شاخص گره‌زایی، کارایی همزیستی جدایههای ریزوبیومی آزمایشی در شرایط کنترل شده گلخانه در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی با 21 جدایه ریزوبیومی، یک تیمار شاهد منفی (بدون باکتری ریزوبیومی) و یک تیمار شاهد مثبت (بدون باکتری همراه با کود نیتروژنی به میزان 70 میلیگرم بر کیلوگرم از منبع اوره) و 3 تکرار در سال 1393 انجام شد. سطوح مختلف تنش خشکی شامل خشکی در دو سطح S0 (100 % ظرفیت مزرعهای (شاهد یا بدون تنش))، S3 (55% ظرفیت مزرعهای (تنش شدید)) که با افزودن غلظتهای مختلف صفر و 310 گرم در لیتر پلی اتیلن گلیکول 6000 (PEG) به محلول غذایی بعد از یک هفته از سبز شدن گیاهچه¬ها اعمال شد. نتایج تجزیههای آماری نشان داد که تنش خشکی اثرکاهشی معنیداری روی وزن خشک اندام هوایی، محتوای آب اندام هوایی، مقدار نیتروژن، کارایی همزیستی جدایههای ریزوبیومی و شاخص گره‌زایی داشت. گیاهان در شرایط تنش خشکی توانایی تشکیل گره‌های جدید را از دست می‌دهند. گره‌ها نقش مهمی در رشد و توسعه گیاهان دارند و کاهش شاخص گره‌زایی نشانگر کاهش توانایی گیاه در تولید گره‌های جدید و رشد فعال است. بهطور کلی، نتایج نشان می‌دهد که تنش خشکی تأثیر منفی و قابل توجهی بر رشد و توسعه گیاهان، آب‌رسانی، تغذیه، همزیستی با باکتری‌های ریزوبیومی و تشکیل گره‌های جدید دارد. این نتایج می‌توانند در درک بهتر اثرات تنش خشکی بر عملکرد گیاهان و ارائه راهکارهای مناسب برای مدیریت آب در کشاورزی مفید باشند.
In order to investigate the effect of drought stress on some growth parameters and nodulation index, the symbiotic efficiency of rhizobial isolates an experiment in controlled greenhouse conditions in the form of a completely randomized design with 21 rhizobial isolates, a negative control treatment (without rhizobial bacteria) and a control treatment Positive (no bacteria with nitrogen fertilizer at the rate of 70 mg/kg from urea source) and 3 repetitions were done in 2013. Different levels of drought stress including drought in two levels S0 (100% of field capacity (control or no drought stress)), S3 (55% of field capacity (severe stress)), which by adding different concentrations of zero and 310 grams per liter of polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG) was applied to the nutrient solution after one week of seedling germination. The results of statistical analyzes showed that drought stress had a significant reduction effect on shoot dry weight, shoot water content, nitrogen content, symbiotic efficiency of rhizobial isolates and nodulation index.
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