Morphological and phytochemical variations among 41 genotypes of Damask rose

Subject Areas : Plant Physiology

Mahtab Latifi ¹ , Shahb Khaghani ^{2 *} , Masoud Gomarian ³ , Mahdi Changizi ⁴ , Gholam Reza Goodarzi ⁵

1 - Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Arak, Iran
2 - Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3 - Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Arak, Iran
4 - Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Arak, Iran
5 - Research Division of Natural Resources, Markazi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Arak, Iran

Received: 2025-05-20 Accepted : 2025-06-12 Published : 2025-07-19

Keywords: diversity, genetic potential, oil content, oil percent, oil yield, Rosa damascena Mill,

Abstract :

To evaluate the genetic potential for flower yield and oil production in Rosa damascene Mill. an experiment was conducted using a complete block design with three replications. Forty-one (41) genotypes of Rosa damascene Mill. were collected from 33 areas in 28 provinces of Iran, and cultivated in 2005-2007 at the experimental field of Ali Abad Medicinal Plants Research Station in Arak, Iran. The data were evaluated for different traits, including flower yield per hectare, number of flowers, single flower weight, percent of flower dry weight, and oil contents and percent. Findings suggested significant differences among the genotypes under study. The highest and lowest flower yields were recorded with West Azerbaijan and Fars₂ genotypes, respectively. The highest amount of essential oil percentages (0.0055%) was also obtained in the Yazd₂ genotype. Baluchistan genotype with 18.5% citronellol and Kohgiluye and Booyer Ahmad with 4% citronellol showed the best quality of essential oils. Based on the findings of the study it is concluded that flower yield and quality especially essential oil yield are necessary traits to consider for breeding programs and selection of commercial R. damascene genotypes.

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