Antioxidant enzymes response to medicinal plant of Bakhtiari savory Satureja bachtiarica Bunge.affected by density and organic fertilizers in dryland farming conditions

Subject Areas : Plant Physiology

Ahmad  Mirjalili ¹ (Department of Horticultural Science and Agronomy, Science and Research branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran)
Mohammad Hossein  Lebaschi ² (Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran)
M.Reza  Ardakania ³ (Department of Agronomy, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran)
Hossein  Heidari Sharifabad ⁴ (Department of Horticultural Science and Agronomy, Science and Research branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran)
Mehdi  Mirza ⁵ (Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran)

Received: 2021-03-18 Accepted : 2021-09-23 Published : 2021-08-01

Keywords: Electrolyte leakage, Catalase, superoxide dismutase, Bakhtiari savory, Cattle manure Introduction,

Abstract :

Antioxidant enzymes synthesis in plant is an essential process for increasing the plant's tolerance to abiotic stress. Plant cells and their organs are protected by antioxidant enzymes with removing reactive oxygen species (ROS). To investigate the effect of plant density and organic fertilizers on the antioxidant enzymes activity including superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and electrolyte leakage (EL) of Bakhtiari savory (Satureja bachtiarica Bunge.), a field experiment was carried out at dryland farming conditions in Research station of Forests and Rangelands of Homand, Damavand, during 2018 and 2019. The results indicated that organic substrates and plant density significantly changed antioxidant enzyme activities (P≤0.05). Under these conditions, cattle manure reduced the antioxidant enzymes of APX, SOD, PPO, and EL. High plant density resulted in less SOD, POD, APX, CAT, and EL compared to low plant density. Compared to control (non- organic fertilizer), cattle manure decreased the activity of SOD, CAT, PPO and EL by 8, 14, 8, and 28%, respectively, in second year-plants. High plant density decreased the activity of SOD, POD, APX, and CAT by 12, 25, 14, and 23%, respectively. The present study can suggest the use of cattle manure and high plant density to reach the optimal growth under dryland farming conditions through controlling antioxidant enzymes production.

References:

Abbas, A., M. Azeem, M. Naveed, A. Latif, S. Bashir, A. Ali and L. Ali. 2020. Synergistic use of biochar and acidified manure for improving growth of maize in chromium contaminated soil. International journal of phytoremediation, 22(1): 52-61.

Ahanger, M. A., N. S. Tomar, M. Tittal, S. Argal and R. M. Agarwal. 2017. Plant growth under water/salt stress: ROS production; antioxidants and significance of added potassium under such conditions. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants, 23(4): 731-744.

Bidabadi, S. S., J. VanderWeide and P. Sabbatini. 2020. Exogenous melatonin improves glutathione content, redox state and increases essential oil production in two Salvia species under drought stress. Scientific reports, 10(1):1-12.

Bakhtiari, M., H. Mozafari, K. K. Asl, B. Sani and M. Mirza. 2020. Bio-organic and inorganic fertilizers modify leaf nutrients, essential oil properties, and antioxidant capacity in medic savory (Satureja macrantha L.). Journal of Biological Research-Bollettino della Società Italiana di Biologia Sperimentale, 93(1).

Basak, B. B., R. S. Jat, N. A. Gajbhiye, A. Saha and P. Manivel. 2019. Organic nutrient management through manures, microbes and biodynamic preparation improves yield and quality of Kalmegh (Andrograghis paniculata), and soil properties. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 43:548-562.

Basak, B. B., A. Saha, N. A. Gajbhiye and P. Manivel. 2020. Potential of organic nutrient sources for improving Yield and bioactive principle of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) through enhanced soil fertility and biological functions. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 51:779-793.

 Beers RF IW Sizer. 1952. A spectrophotometric assay measuring the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide by catalase. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 195:133–138.

Beauchamp, C. and J.  Fridovich. 1971. Superoxide dismutase: improved assays and an assay applicable to acrylamide gels. Analytical Biochemistry, 44: 276–287.

Bidabadi, S. S., S. Dehghanipoodeh and G. C. Wright. 2017. Vermicompost leachate reduces some negative effects of salt stress in pomegranate. International Journal of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture, 6(3): 255-263.

Blaise, D., K. R. Kranthi, C. D. Ravindran and k. Thalal. 2021. High plant density can improve the productivity of rainfed Asiatic cotton (Gossypium arboreum L.). Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 67(5): 607-619.

Boutasknit, A., M. Anli, A. Tahiri, A. Raklami, M. Ait-El-Mokhtar, R. Ben-Laouane and A.  Meddich. 2020. Potential effect of horse manure-green waste and olive pomace-green waste composts on physiology and yield of garlic (Allium sativum L.) and soil fertility. Gesunde Pflanzen, 72(3):285-295.

Chance, B. and S. K. Maehly. 1955. Assay of catalase and peroxidase. Methods in Enzymology, 2: 764-775.

Cheng, L., M. Han, L.M. Yang, Y. Li, Z. Sun and T. Zhang. 2018. Changes in the physiological characteristics and baicalin biosynthesis metabolism of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi under drought stress. Industrial Crops and Products, 122: 473-482.

Desikan, R., M. K. Cheung, J. Bright, D. Henson, J. T. Hancock and S. J. Neill. 2005. ABA, Hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide signaling in stomatal guard cell. Journal of Experimental Botany, 55: 205-212.

Dumas, Y., M. Dodoma, G. Di Lucca and P. Grolier. 2003. Effects of environmental factors and agricultural techniques on antioxidant content of tomatoes. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 83 (5):369–382.

Emami, Bistgani Z., S. A. Siadat, A. Bakhshandeh, A. G. Pirbalouti, M. Hashemi, F. Maggi and M. R. Morshedloo. 2018. Application of combined fertilizers improves biomass, essential oil yield, aroma profile, and antioxidant properties of Thymus daenensis Celak. Industrial Crops & Products, 121: 434–440.

Feizabadi, A., G. Noormohammadi and F. Fatehi. 2021. Changes in growth, physiology, and fatty acid profile of rapeseed cultivars treated with vermicompost under drought stress. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 21(1): 200-208.

Eskandiari, T., M. Saberi and A. Mollafilabi. 2010. Effects of planting date and irrigation date on qualitative and quantitative characteristics of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.). Acta Horticulturae, 853: 47-52.

Gill, S. S. and N. Tuteja. 2010. Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant machinery in abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants. Plant Physiol Biochem, 48: 909-930.

Gratao, P., A. Polle, P. Lea and R. Azevedo. 2005. Making the life of heavy metal-stressed plants a little easier. Functional Plant Biology, 32: 481–494.

Jamzad, Z. 2009. Thymus and Satureja Species of Iran. Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran. 121p. (In Persian).

Kumar, p., R. K. Tewari and P. N. Sharma. 2010. Sodium nitroprusside-mediated alleviation of iron deficiency and modulation of antioxidant responses in maize plants. Aob Plants. Volume 2010, plq002.

 Lebaschi, M. H and E, Sharifi Ashourabadi. 2016. Cultivation and production of some thyme species in different dryland farms of the country. Iran Nature, 1(1): 40-37.

Luh, BS and B. Phithakpol. 1972. Characteristics of polyphenoloxidase related to browning in cling peaches. Journal of food science, 37:264–268

Lutts, S., J. M. Kinet and J. Bouharmont. 1995. Changes in plant response to NaCl during development of rice varieties differing in salinity resistance. Journal of Experimental Botany, 46: 1843– 1852.

Mhamdi, A., G. Queval, S. Chaouch, S. Vanderauwera, F. Van Breusegem and G. Noctor. 2010. Catalase function in plants: a focus on Arabidopsis mutants as stress-mimic models. Journal of experimental botany, 61(15): 4197-4220.

Naguib, A. E. M. M., F. K. El-Baz, Z. A. Salama, H. A. E. B. Hanaa, H. F. Ali and A. A. Gaafar. 2012. Enhancement of phenolics, flavonoids and glucosinolates of Broccoli (Brassica olaracea, var. Italica) as antioxidants in response to organic and bio-organic fertilizers. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences,  11( 2), 135-142.

Nakano, Y. and K. Asada. 1980. Spinach chloroplasts scavenge hydrogen peroxide on illumination. Plant and Cell Physiology, 21: 1295–1307.

Qi, J., C.P. Song, B. Wang, J. Zhou, J. Kangasjärvi, J. K. Zhu and Z. Gong. 2018. Reactive oxygen species signaling and stomatal movement in plant responses to drought stress and pathogen attack. Journal of integrative plant biology, 60(9): 805-826.

Saki, A., H. Mozafari, KH. Karimzadeh Asl, B. Sani and M. Mirza. 2019. Plant yield, antioxidant capacity and essential oil quality of Satureja mutica supplied with cattle manure and wheat straw in different plant densities. Journal Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 0010-3624.

Saki, A., H. Mozafari, KH. Karimzadeh Asl, B. Sani and M. Mirza. 2020. Physiochemical properties and leaf nutrients of Satureja mutica fisch & CA mey treated with cattle manure at different plant densities under dryland farming system. Journal of Medicinal Plants and By-products, Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 23 October 2020.

Shamim, A., A. Rashid, Y. A. Muhammad, M. Ashraf and A. W. Ejaz. 2009. Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) response to drought stress at germination and seedling growth stages. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 41:647–654.

Sharma, A. K. 2002. Biofertilizers for sustainable agriculture Agrobios'. India, 407. ‏ Sinkovič, L., Demšar, L., Žnidarčič, D., Vidrih, R., Hribar, J., & Treutter, D. (2015). Phenolic profiles in leaves of chicory cultivars (Cichorium intybus L.) as influenced by organic and mineral fertilizers. Food chemistry, 166, 507-513.

Sinkovic, L., L. Demsar, D. Znidarcic, R. R. Vidrih, J. Hribar and D. Treutter. 2015. Phenolic profiles in leaves of chicory cultivars (Cichorium intybus L.) as influenced by organic and mineral fertilizers. Food chemistry, 166: 507-513.

Wang, W. B., Y. H. Kim, H. S. Lee, K. Y. Kim, X. P. Deng and S. S. Kwak. 2009. Analysis of antioxidant enzyme activity during germination of alfalfa under salt and drought stresses. Plant Physiology Biochemistry, 47: 570-577.

Yirdaw, E., M. Tigabu and A. A. Monge Monge. 2017. Rehabilitation of degraded dryland ecosystems–review. Silva Fennica.

ZHU, J., J. F. XU, Y. F. REN, Y. H. XIE and Q. CHAI. 2017. Effects of spraying organic silicon on growth of Kentucky bluegrass. Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China, 05.